Studies on polynucleotides, XLIX. Stimulation of the binding of aminoacyl-sRNA's to ribosomes by ribotrinucleotides and a survey of codon assignments for 20 amino acids.

Söll, Dieter; Ohtsuka, Eiji; Jones, D. S.; Lohrmann, R.; Hayatsu, Hikoya; Nishimura, Susumu; Khorana, H G

doi:10.1073/pnas.54.5.1378

Cited by 138 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The proteins of blood were all first expressed as mRNAs from genes within tissues and cells. The nucleotides of the parent genome, or mRNA transcripts converted to cDNAs, may be sequenced and the proteins inferred (Soll et al, 1965;Brutlag et al, 1969;Cohen & Chang, 1974;Sanger, Nicklen, & Coulson, 1977;Smith et al, 1986;Mullis, 1990;Hutchinson & Hayden, 1992;McCombie et al, 1992;Adams et al, 1993;Zhang, 1997;Brenner et al, 2000;Venter et al, 2001;SanchezCarbayo et al, 2002;Knapp & Chen, 2007). Each gene, its mRNA, and protein are uniquely regulated at multiple levels including transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational, post-translational, processing and turnover in response to developmental, physiological or environmental conditions (Gygi et al, 1999b).…”

Section: A Nucleic Acid Derived Protein Databasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass spectrometry of peptides and proteins from human blood

Zhu

Bowden

Zhang

et al. 2010

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

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It is difficult to convey the accelerating rate and growing importance of mass spectrometry applications to human blood proteins and peptides. Mass spectrometry can rapidly detect and identify the ionizable peptides from the proteins in a simple mixture and reveal many of their post-translational modifications. However, blood is a complex mixture that may contain many proteins first expressed in cells and tissues. The complete analysis of blood proteins is a daunting task that will rely on a wide range of disciplines from physics, chemistry, biochemistry, genetics, electromagnetic instrumentation, mathematics and computation. Therefore the comprehensive discovery and analysis of blood proteins will rank among the great technical challenges and require the cumulative sum of many of mankind's scientific achievements together. A variety of methods have been used to fractionate, analyze and identify proteins from blood, each yielding a small piece of the whole and throwing the great size of the task into sharp relief. The approaches attempted to date clearly indicate that enumerating the proteins and peptides of blood can be accomplished. There is no doubt that the mass spectrometry of blood will be crucial to the discovery and analysis of proteins, enzyme activities, and post-translational processes that underlay the mechanisms of disease. At present both discovery and quantification of proteins from blood are commonly reaching sensitivities of ∼1 ng/mL.

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Section: A Nucleic Acid Derived Protein Databasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass spectrometry of peptides and proteins from human blood

Zhu

Bowden

Zhang

et al. 2010

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

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“…The most complex cytoplasmic RNA class, messengers between the genetic information on DNA and ribosomes, organelles in which structural and functional macromolecules ( proteins) of a cell are being assembled, did not generate much excitement any longer after the genetic code had been cracked (Nirenberg et al 1965;Söll et al 1965).…”

Section: Functional Rna: Alive and Kickingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Persistent Contributions of RNA to Eukaryotic Gen(om)e Architecture and Cellular Function

Brosius

2014

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology

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“…Enter the "era of the genetic code," when theoreticians and experimentalists alike were racing to see who would be first to "crack the code of life" (16,22,24,30,43). As we all know, once cracked, that code did not lead to a fundamental explanation of gene expression (translation).…”

Section: Some Pertinent Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Biology for a New Century

Woese

2004

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

453

259

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Biology today is at a crossroads. The molecular paradigm, which so successfully guided the discipline throughout most of the 20th century, is no longer a reliable guide. Its vision of biology now realized, the molecular paradigm has run its course. Biology, therefore, has a choice to make, between the comfortable path of continuing to follow molecular biology's lead or the more invigorating one of seeking a new and inspiring vision of the living world, one that addresses the major problems in biology that 20th century biology, molecular biology, could not handle and, so, avoided. The former course, though highly productive, is certain to turn biology into an engineering discipline. The latter holds the promise of making biology an even more fundamental science, one that, along with physics, probes and defines the nature of reality. This is a choice between a biology that solely does society's bidding and a biology that is society's teacher

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Studies on polynucleotides, XLIX. Stimulation of the binding of aminoacyl-sRNA's to ribosomes by ribotrinucleotides and a survey of codon assignments for 20 amino acids.

Cited by 138 publications

References 12 publications

Mass spectrometry of peptides and proteins from human blood

Mass spectrometry of peptides and proteins from human blood

The Persistent Contributions of RNA to Eukaryotic Gen(om)e Architecture and Cellular Function

A New Biology for a New Century

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