Studies on peroxidases and vascular discoloration in cassava root tissue

Plumbley, R. A.; Hughes, Peter; Marriott, J. A. R.

doi:10.1002/jsfa.2740320714

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The first and the second phases of respiration increases could be due to wounding and primary physiological deterioration, respectively (Uritani and Reyes 1984). The phytohormone ethene is produced in cassava roots within 6 h of wounding (Plumbley et al 1981;Hirose 1986), with higher ethene production in PPD-susceptible roots. Solomos and Laties (1976) suggested the activation of an alternative cyanide insensitive respiratory pathway by ethene.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6). The respiration rate of cassava root is not well studied, and has only been reported on samples after several days of storage, and with varying degrees of wounding (Marriott et al 1979), or on cut sections from 10 cm roots (Plumbley et al 1981). Neither of these studies studied Table 5 Volatile compounds of cassava root and leaf identified using solid phase microextraction gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry a Kovats retention indices relative to a n-alkane series calculated on a 60 m DB-1 column non-injured intact roots, nor did the authors report respiration rate or ethene production on a weight basis.…”

Section: Respiration Rate Of Fresh Cassava Rootsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polyphenol oxidase has been frequently implicated in the enzymatic discoloration of tissues, and peroxidase in the oxidative damage of vegetables during storage. Plumbley et al (1981) studied the relationship between peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activity and discoloration in harvested cassava roots and found that discolored cassava roots contained peroxidase activity in the soluble, covalently-bound, and ionically-bound fractions. Extracts from non-discolored tissue lacked activity in the latter fraction and reduced activity in the other two fractions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of the Early Events Leading to Cassava Root Postharvest Deterioration

Iyer

Mattinson

Fellman

2010

Tropical Plant Biol.

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Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) roots, the fourth most important food crop of the world, is the major carbohydrate source for more than 600 million people in Africa, parts of Latin America, Oceania, and Asia. Besides being a rich source of starch (∼80% of root), the root is also rich in vitamin C, some carotenoids, calcium, and potassium. Upon harvest, roots begin a process of physiological decay within 24-36 h called postharvest physiological deterioration or PPD. The early events leading to PPD are not known. Research to date concerning the study of PPD has mostly focused on the signaling events several hours after harvest. Upon examination of physiological and biochemical changes occurring 3 or 4 h after cassava root detachment, changes in the nature and type of volatile compounds emitted, secondary metabolites accumulated, and changes in the expression of key genes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) turnover were observed along with a correspondent increase in tissue cytoplasmic singlet oxygen presence using radical-specific fluorescent imaging of tissue samples. It is likely that these findings have significant implications to help us understand and assist in dissection of the early events leading to the postharvest deterioration of cassava root.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Respiration Rate Of Fresh Cassava Rootsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of the Early Events Leading to Cassava Root Postharvest Deterioration

Iyer

Mattinson

Fellman

2010

Tropical Plant Biol.

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“…Wounding of cassava roots enhances respiration rates within the first day, which is followed by primary physiological deterioration (Uritani, 1998;Uritani and Reyes, 1984). The phytohormone ethylene is produced in cassava roots within 6 hours of wounding (Plumbley et al, 1981;Hirose et al, 1984), with higher ethylene production in susceptible roots. Experiments utilizing cycloheximide to inhibit protein synthesis (Uritani and Reyes, 1984) and other studies have shown that PPD is an active process involving gene expression and protein synthesis.…”

Section: Post Harvest Physiological Deteriorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cassava Genetic Improvement

Ceballos¹,

Fregene²,

Carlos³

et al. 2007

Breeding Major Food Staples

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PREFACEThis Handbook is the result of a combined effort by several current and previous cassava researchers at CIAT to review and summarize the most important results of cassava research during the past 40 years. Most of the chapters are based on the various presentations during the Regional Cassava Training Course, held in Thailand from October 6 to 17, 2008. This course was organized upon the realization that many people that were actively involved with cassava research in the 1970s and 80s, both at CIAT and in national programs, have now retired or will soon do so, and that a whole new generation of cassava researchers are currently being hired to take their place.As cassava is now becoming a very important, and mostly industrial, crop in Asia, there are many new opportunities, but also a host of new problems and challenges. These include the appearance in Asia of new cassava diseases and pests; the decreasing availability and increasing cost of rural labor, resulting in the need for partial or complete mechanization of cassava production; the rapidly increasing demand for cassava roots for production of food, feed and fuel, and the unavailability in many countries of new land for any expansion of cassava area, thus requiring a rapid increase in cassava yields to increase supplies. This requires a renewed focus on cassava research for the development of new higher-yielding varieties and more sustainable production practices.While many cassava researchers in national programs in Asia received individual or group training at CIAT-Colombia during the 1970s and 80s, this training was greatly reduced during the following two decades due to funding limitations. Thus, the objective of the Regional Cassava Training Course in 2008 was to provide a new training opportunity for young scientists in Asian countries, and to hand over the knowledge and experience of the older cassava researchers, mostly from CIAT, to a new generation that will have to face the new challenges. Thus, the course was taught mostly by current or already retired CIAT cassava researchers, while the 60-plus participants of the course included cassava researchers from Cambodia, China, East Timor, India, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam. The training course not only provided knowledge -from physiology and biotechnology to animal feeding and production of fuelethanol -but also an opportunity for people from different institutions and countries to get to know each other, which will greatly facilitate future collaboration.Course participants returned home with a CD containing the PowerPoint presentations of the course. However, it was felt that a more comprehensive review of all the topics covered was warranted, as this would provide more in-depth knowledge for those working in the various specialized fields. Most of this information is available in many refereed journals, in workshop proceedings and old CIAT annual reports, but many of these are now out of print or otherwise difficult to obtain. Thus, the Cas...

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“…Work with cassava root tissue has revealed numerous enzymes with peroxidase type activity; the electrophoretic pattern was shown to be affected by the physiological disorder known as vascular discoloration (Plumbley et al 1981). This disorder has been considered a major constraint in the storage of fresh cassava.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deae-Cellulose Separation of Peroxidases From Cassava (Manihot Esculenta Crantz) Root Tissue

Plumbley

Hughes

1982

J Food Biochemistry

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Extracts from nondiscolored and vascular discolored cassava root tissue contained numerous electrophoretically distinct peroxidases, which could be separated into threegroups (A, B and C) in accordance with their mobility. Partial separation of these groups was attained by DEAE-cellulose ion-exchange chromatography at p H 7.5. Electrophoresis demonstrated that Groups A and B passed through the exchanger without being bound. Certain Group B enzymes were also shown to be bound to the DEAE-cellulose; they were less strongly bound than group C and were eluted by a lower sodium chloride concentration. Extracts from cassava tissue which exhibited vascular discoloration gave increased staining in bands of Groups A and B and also contained a unique Group B enzyme with a weak binding capacity and an electrophoretic mobility slower than the two normal Group B enzymes found in nondiscolored tissue. This enzyme and Group C enzymes were not found in the column washings. It is suggested that the change in activity andpattern of theperoxidases is related to the vascular discoloration of the tissue.

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Studies on peroxidases and vascular discoloration in cassava root tissue

Cited by 20 publications

References 27 publications

Study of the Early Events Leading to Cassava Root Postharvest Deterioration

Study of the Early Events Leading to Cassava Root Postharvest Deterioration

Cassava Genetic Improvement

Deae-Cellulose Separation of Peroxidases From Cassava (Manihot Esculenta Crantz) Root Tissue

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