Studies on pathogenecity of Aeromonas salmonicida in catfish Clarias batrachus and control measures by neem nanoemulsion

Thomas, John; Jerobin, Jayakumar; Seelan, T. Samuel Jeba; Thanigaivel, S.; Vijayakumar, Sekar; Mukherjee, Amitava; Chandrasekaran, Natarajan

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2013.02.024

Cited by 47 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Based on previous studies in Cyprinus carpio, dietary inclusion of chitosan induced significantly higher lysozyme activity in chitosan fed fish followed by levamisole and chitin (Gopalakannan and Venkatesan 2006). On the other hand, African catfish fed supplemented indigenous plant such as neem (Azadirachta indica) has also been reported to increase lysozyme activity (Thomas et al 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inclusion of cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus) meal in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) feed influences disease resistance

et al. 2018

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In our present study, we observed the effect of cricket meal (CM) on disease resistance of African catfish. Fish were fed diets containing 350 g kg–1 and 400 g kg–1 of CM and 350 g kg–1 of fishmeal as control. The fish were divided into triplicates treatments of ten fish per replicate, weighed 22.5±0.6 g and fed with experimental diets for 40 days before being challenged against Aeromonas hydrophila. Relative percentage of survival (RPS) was recorded over 12 days post-challenge. White blood cell count, total protein, globulin and lysozyme showed significantly increasing levels in those fed with cricket meal diet compared to the control group. Mortalities at 12-day post-challenge significantly decreased to 30% (RPS: 66.7%) and 27% (RPS: 70%) for 35% and 40% CM respectively compared to 90% mortality in control group. Intestines and liver tissues of infected fish were dissected for pathogenic confirmation. The intestines of control diet showed the highest bacterial load (58.2×107 cfu g–1) compared to CM diets. The current study indicates that dietary CM could enhance the innate immune system and disease resistance of African catfish.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inclusion of cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus) meal in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) feed influences disease resistance

et al. 2018

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“…Toxicity assessment on Rohu fingerlings was carried out according to the method described by Thomas et al with slight modifications. A 96‐H acute static test was performed for the determination of LC 50 values for the neem oil and neem nanoemulsion.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on antimicrobial potential of neem oil nanoemulsion against Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in Labeo rohita

Mishra

Suresh

Jerobin

et al. 2014

Biotech and App Biochem

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Presence of several biochemical constituents in neem makes it an efficient antimicrobial agent for pathogenic diseases. The current investigation was aimed to assess the therapeutic potential of neem nanoemulsion as a control measure for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in freshwater fish Labeo rohita. The median lethal concentration (LC50) for the neem oil and neem nanoemulsion was 73.9 and 160.3 mg/L, respectively. The biomarker enzymes of treated fish tissues showed a significant difference in the level of glutathione reductase, catalase, and lipid peroxidation in neem oil-treated samples than in neem nanoemulsion-treated samples at P<0.05. The results were corroborative with histopathology and ultrastructural analysis. The bacterial infection of P. aeruginosa treated using neem nanoemulsion was more effective in both in vitro and in vivo methods. Present findings suggest that neem-based nanoemulsion has negligible toxicity to Rohu fishes. This makes neem-based nanoemulsion as an efficient therapeutic agent against P. aeruginosa infection, leading to its possible usage in the aquaculture industry.

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“…The control bacterial cells (untreated) had an intact cell structure (Figure A). Similar results on antibacterial efficacy of neem oil nanoemulsion formulated using the ultra‐sonication method has been previously reported for other aquaculture pathogens like Aeromomas salmonicida and Pseudomonas aeruginosa …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fish were collected at 12, 24 and 48 h post exposure and reared for thirty days in tanks containing fresh water. The fish that survived during the 10, 20 and 30 days’ post NONE treatment were counted to determine the optimum exposure time required for the fish to recover from infection . The organs of experimentally normal, infected and treated fish ( Cyprinus carpio ) were dissected and processed for the histopathological investigation (Supplementary file).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanometric neem oil emulsification through microfluidization, and its therapeutic potential against Aeromonas culicicola infection in Cyprinus carpio

Swathy

Mishra

Thomas

et al. 2018

Flavour & Fragrance J

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The present study deals with the preparation and optimisation of neem oil nanoemulsion by microfluidization process and its application for the bacterial infection management in aquaculture. The effect of process parameters like surfactant concentration (Tween 20, Tween 80), homogenisation pressure and the number of cycles on the droplet size of neem oil nanoemulsion was investigated. The optimized pressure and number of cycles for the neem oil nanoemulsion preparation was found to be 20,000 psi and 25 cycles respectively. A significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the particle size of neem oil nanoemulsion was observed as the pressure, number of cycles and concentration of surfactant increase. The neem oil nanoemulsion prepared using 1:3 ratio of neem oil and Tween 80 surfactant showed a good stability with a mean droplet size of 24.5 ± 1.33 nm. The concentration of Azadiractin, an active ingredient in neem oil nanoemulsion was found to be 21.187 ± 1.01 μg/mL. The 1:3 ratio of neem oil ‐ Tween 80 formulated nanoemulsion showed good antibacterial activity against the fish pathogen, Aeromonas culicicola (MIC of 0.93 μl/mL). The morphological changes inflicted by the neem nanoemulsion treatment on bacterial cells were evident from the scanning electron microscopy and membrane integrity analysis. Further, the In‐vivo bactericidal efficacy of the neem oil nanoemulsion was tested on Common carp (Cyprinus carpio). The neem oil nanoemulsion treatment exhibited protective action against Aeromonas culicicola infection and it improved the antioxidant defence system of fish. The above results envisage the use of neem oil nanoemulsion as a potential alternative for synthetic antibiotics in treatment of bacterial infection of the fish.

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Studies on pathogenecity of Aeromonas salmonicida in catfish Clarias batrachus and control measures by neem nanoemulsion

Cited by 47 publications

References 19 publications

Inclusion of cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus) meal in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) feed influences disease resistance

Inclusion of cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus) meal in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) feed influences disease resistance

Study on antimicrobial potential of neem oil nanoemulsion against Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in Labeo rohita

Nanometric neem oil emulsification through microfluidization, and its therapeutic potential against Aeromonas culicicola infection in Cyprinus carpio

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