Studies on mutagenic effects of gamma irradiation on chilli (&lt;i&gt;Capsicum annuum&lt;/i&gt; L.)

Verma, R. C.; Bhala, Vishnu Prasad; Khah, Mushtaq Ahmad

doi:10.3199/iscb.12.13

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The M 1 and M 2 generation results revealed that higher doses exhibited inhibitory effects on yield traits, while lower doses showed stimulatory effects on yield-attributing characters. These results agreed with previous studies ( Verma et al., 2017 ; Hanafy and Akladious, 2018 ; Naaz et al., 2020 ; ALshamrani et al, 2022 ). The diminution in quantitative traits at higher concentrations may arise due to physiological disturbance or DNA damage triggered in the plant cells by the mutagen ( Thilagavathi and Mullainathan, 2011 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Frequency and spectrum of M2 mutants and genetic variability in cyto-agronomic characteristics of fenugreek induced by caffeine and sodium azide

Naaz

Choudhary²,

Sharma³

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Trigonella foenum graecum L. (Fenugreek) is a valuable medicinal plant cultivated for decades for its therapeutic characteristics. Still no pronounced improvement concerning wild form was accomplished as it is a self-pollinating crop. Induced mutagenesis is encouraged as a remarkable tool on this plant to circumvent the genetic bottleneck of cultivated germplasms. As a result, novel allelomorphic combinations for short-term agronomic attributes were developed. Fenugreek cultivar Pusa Early Bunching, selected for the present experiment, was mutagenized with five doses (0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, and 1.0%) of caffeine and sodium azide (SA) to evaluate its impact on the qualitative and quantitative traits of M1 and M2 generation conducted in a Complete Randomized Block Design (CRBD), replicated five times during 2019–2020 and 2020–2021, respectively. The frequency of induced phenotypic variations was assessed in M2 progenies, resulting in the identification and isolation of a broad spectrum of mutants with altered phenotypes. Mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency were found to be maximum at lower concentrations of the mutagen treatments and highest in SA, followed by caffeine. Various morphological mutants with modified characters were observed at different concentrations in M2 generation. The spectrum of mutations was wider in SA than in caffeine, as caffeine produced 51 while SA produced 54 individual mutants under seven major categories. The maximum frequency of morphological mutants was associated with leaf, followed by plant size, plant growth habit, pod, seed size, seed shape, and seed color. Morphological and structural variations in the guard cells of stomata and seeds were observed through scanning electron microscopy. The variations created in the economically important traits may enrich the genetic diversity of this plant species. Moreover, these morphological mutants may serve as a source of elite genes in further breeding programs of fenugreek.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Frequency and spectrum of M2 mutants and genetic variability in cyto-agronomic characteristics of fenugreek induced by caffeine and sodium azide

Naaz

Choudhary²,

Sharma³

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…High estimate of heritability were recorded for number of branches per plant at harvest (74.08%), stem diameter (64.21%), leaf area (95.32%), days to rst owering (92.71%), sex ratio (64.45%) and number of fruits per plant (91.87%), while moderate estimate of heritability were observed for days to 50 per cent owering (41.22%), fruit weight (32.85%) and fruit yield per plant (57.34%), whereas, low estimate of heritability was found for vine length at harvest (16.20%) and fruit length (4.65%). The same heritability pattern was reported byShah et al (2015) in cucumber andVerma et al (2017) in chilli. This indicates the higher response for the selection of high yielding mutants as these characters are governed by additive gene actions and helps the plant breeder for making the effective selection.…”

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confidence: 85%

Effect of different doses of chemical and physical mutagen on genetic variability and character association in M1 and M2 generation of Momordical balsamina L.

Bammanakatti¹,

Rathod²,

Gasti³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Momordica balsamina L. commonly known as the Balsam apple is an under-exploited cucurbit vegetable occurs wild type in nature which offers various dietary and nutraceutical properties. It is an annual to perennial, tendril-bearing herb, native to tropical regions of Africa. Since the crop occurs in wild forms, the variation exists among the genotype is limited. For the improvement of plant characteristics in diverse crops, mutation breeding has been extensively applied. In the present study, treated population was evaluated to study the extent of genetic variability and character association on growth and yield parameters in M1 and M2 generation of Momordica balsamina L. The results revealed that high heritability was exhibited by vine length at harvest, number of branches per plant at harvest, stem diameter, leaf area, number of fruits per plant, fruit girth, lycopene content, β-carotene content and ascorbic acid content. As per the character association studies, fruit yield per plant showed highly significant and positive association with number of fruits per plant, fruit weight, fruit length and days to first flowering. Whereas, highly significant but negative association was revealed by number of branches per plant at harvest, stem diameter and days to 50 per cent flowering among mutant population. Whereas, vine length at harvest, number of fruits per plant, fruit weight, fruit length and fruit girth recorded highest positive direct effect on fruit yield per plant. While, number of branches per plant at harvest, stem diameter and days to 50 per cent flowering exerted negative direct effect on fruit yield per plant.

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“…Occurrence of micronuclei may be associated with the fragments and lagging chromosomes that could not reach the pole get involved with the daughter nuclei as recognized by Kumar and Dubey (1980). Disturbed polarity at telophase may cause due to disturbed spindle formation, also investigated by several workers as (Verma and Raina 1991) in Crotalaria juncea, (Verma and Sharma 2000) in Phlox drummondii., and (Verma et al 2017) in Capsicum annuum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Gamma rays induced chromosomal aberrations in tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.)

Prasad

Chandra

2018

Chromosome Botany

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Gamma irradiation is one of the physical mutagens that are widely used for induced mutations, food sterilization and medicinal healing. In the present study, irradiation techniques were applied to investigate the effect of gamma irradiation on seed germination, meiotic behavior and pollen fertility of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). The seeds of Solanum lycopersicum (var. Bharat ratan -221) were irradiated with different doses of gamma rays (10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 kR). Results showed that seed germination and pollen fertility in M1 generation reduced steadily with the increasing doses of gamma rays. During the study, increases in meiotic abnormalities with increasing doses were noticed in mutagenic population of gamma rays in M1 generation. The most common chromosome abnormalities observed include univalents, multivalents, bridges, laggards, fragments, micronuclei and disturbed polarity, etc.

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Studies on mutagenic effects of gamma irradiation on chilli (<i>Capsicum annuum</i> L.)

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Frequency and spectrum of M2 mutants and genetic variability in cyto-agronomic characteristics of fenugreek induced by caffeine and sodium azide

Frequency and spectrum of M2 mutants and genetic variability in cyto-agronomic characteristics of fenugreek induced by caffeine and sodium azide

Effect of different doses of chemical and physical mutagen on genetic variability and character association in M1 and M2 generation of Momordical balsamina L.

Gamma rays induced chromosomal aberrations in tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.)

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