Studies on Morphology and Thermomechanical Behavior of Polyethylene Glycol/1,8-Octanediol-modified Epoxy-organoclay Hybrid Nanocomposites

Chozhan, C. Karikal; Elumalai, P.; Alagar, M.

doi:10.1177/0021998309345304

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 56 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…Due to the presence of flexible ether linkages, polyethylene glycol (PEG) is expected to increase the toughness of epoxy resin. Chozhan et al [ 177 ] reported that epoxy nanocomposites modified with PEG and/or octanediol (OCT) exhibited improved mechanical properties. The impact and tensile strengths of epoxy composites containing 3 wt% organoclay and 20 wt% PEG or 3 wt% organoclay and 10 wt% OCT were increased by 95% and 30%, respectively, compared to the neat epoxy.…”

Section: Hybrid Epoxy Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Epoxy Nanocomposites: Improvement in Mechanical Properties and Toughening Mechanisms—A Review

Białkowska¹,

Bakar²,

Kucharczyk

et al. 2023

Polymers

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This article presents a review on the recent advances in the field of ternary diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A epoxy nanocomposites containing nanoparticles and other modifiers. Particular attention is paid to their mechanical and thermal properties. The properties of epoxy resins were improved by incorporating various single toughening agents, in solid or liquid states. This latter process often resulted in the improvement in some properties at the expense of others. The use of two appropriate modifiers for the preparation of hybrid composites, possibly will show a synergistic effect on the performance properties of the composites. Due to the huge amount of modifiers that were used, the present paper will focus mainly on largely employed nanoclays with modifiers in a liquid and solid state. The former modifier contributes to an increase in the flexibility of the matrix, while the latter modifier is intended to improve other properties of the polymer depending on its structure. Various studies which were carried out on hybrid epoxy nanocomposites confirmed the occurrence of a synergistic effect within the tested performance properties of the epoxy matrix. Nevertheless, there are still ongoing research works using other nanoparticles and other modifiers aiming at enhancing the mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy resins. Despite numerous studies carried out so far to assess the fracture toughness of epoxy hybrid nanocomposites, some problems still remain unresolved. Many research groups are dealing with many aspects of the subject, namely the choice of modifiers and preparation methods, while taking into account the protection of the environment and the use of components from natural resources.

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Section: Hybrid Epoxy Nanocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Epoxy Nanocomposites: Improvement in Mechanical Properties and Toughening Mechanisms—A Review

Białkowska¹,

Bakar²,

Kucharczyk

et al. 2023

Polymers

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“…16 1,8-Octanediol (OD) is the largest water-soluble aliphatic diol, with no reported toxicity 17 and eight methylene groups on its main chain. 18 However, its polarity is obviously weaker than that of the previously mentioned polyol-based plasticizers. In addition, the existence of hydroxyl groups at both ends ensures that OD interacts well with protein chains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…However, those common plasticizers are highly hydrophilic and hygroscopic, leading to significant increases in the water vapor permeability of films . 1,8‐Octanediol (OD) is the largest water‐soluble aliphatic diol, with no reported toxicity and eight methylene groups on its main chain . However, its polarity is obviously weaker than that of the previously mentioned polyol‐based plasticizers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioplastic based on 1,8‐octanediol‐plasticized feather keratin: A material for food packaging and biomedical applications

Liu

Huang

Han

et al. 2018

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Keratin without plasticizer produces fragile films. 1,8‐Octanediol (OD) was used as a plasticizer to modify keratin films in this study. Two keratins with different structures were extracted from duck feather, including reduced keratin (RK) and native keratin (NK). Formaldehyde was used as the crosslinking agent for RK to prepare crosslinked keratin (CK) films. The addition of OD toughened the CK and RK films. In particular, the plasticized CK films demonstrated good mechanical properties and had satisfactory water resistance. The water vapor permeability varied between 0.106 and 0.808 g/(m s Pa) for CK films without OD and with 0.30 g OD/g keratin, respectively, and the tensile strength decreased from 12.1 to 8.0 MPa and the elongation at break increased from 2.3% to 11.6%. Cell culture experiments suggest that OD‐plasticized NK films are biocompatible. In general, OD‐plasticized keratin films can find applications in food packaging and biomedical materials. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46516.

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“…As one of the most important thermosetting resins, epoxy resins are usually used as adhesives, coatings, and matrices in many engineering materials due to their high mechanical properties, excellent adhesion to various substrates, and good thermal and dimensional stability. − In addition, epoxy resin can be cured to form network structures on the surface or inside of the wood, which not only protects the wood from decay fungi but also improves the dimensional stability and mechanical properties of wood. − The use of epoxy resins in enhancing the properties of wood has received increasing attention in recent years. As the high viscosity of the normal epoxy has difficulty in penetrating the wood, an organic solvent such as acetone is usually introduced to allow easier impregnation .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Situ Cross-Linking of Waterborne Epoxy Resin Inside Wood for Enhancing Its Dimensional Stability, Thermal Stability, and Decay Resistance

Wang

Ling

Nie

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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This paper describes the action mechanism of a waterborne epoxy resin (WEP) cross-linked inside wood and its influence on wood dimensional, thermal, and fungal stability. The WEP prepared by phase inversion was impregnated into wood under vacuum-pressure treatment, followed by in situ cross-linking upon heating to form a hydrophobic network inside wood porous structures. The weight gain and volume increment of the treated wood combined with the morphological observation indicated that the WEP components were able to penetrate into wood cell lumens as well as cell walls, cross-link, and finally fix stably inside them. The good fixation of the epoxy resin network formed in wood reduced the leaching into water. Results from Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy confirmed the reaction between the epoxy and wood. In addition, it was found that the dimensional stability, thermal stability, and decay resistance of wood were improved with the WEP modification. The scanning electron microscopy images clearly showed that brown-rot fungus caused more serious damage to the structure of wood than white-rot fungus.

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Studies on Morphology and Thermomechanical Behavior of Polyethylene Glycol/1,8-Octanediol-modified Epoxy-organoclay Hybrid Nanocomposites

Cited by 7 publications

References 56 publications

Hybrid Epoxy Nanocomposites: Improvement in Mechanical Properties and Toughening Mechanisms—A Review

Hybrid Epoxy Nanocomposites: Improvement in Mechanical Properties and Toughening Mechanisms—A Review

Bioplastic based on 1,8‐octanediol‐plasticized feather keratin: A material for food packaging and biomedical applications

In-Situ Cross-Linking of Waterborne Epoxy Resin Inside Wood for Enhancing Its Dimensional Stability, Thermal Stability, and Decay Resistance

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