~: Molluscum contagiosum is an infectious disease of the human skin and is characterized by a localized proliferation of the epidermis forming a lobu]ated and umbilicated papule, which presents certain similarities to a localized neoplasm.The disease is caused by a virus (1, 2) which, studied by electron microscopic and histochemical procedures (3--10), has been shown to possess the basic characters of the pox-virus group.So far, all attempts to propagate the molluscum contagiosum virus in tissue cultures or to transmit the infection to laboratory animals have been unsuccessful (11 --13 ).Recently Neva (11) has demonstrated that molluscum contagiosum virus suspensions, prepared from patients' skin lesions, when inoculated into human amnion cell cultures, produce typical cytopathic changes which, according to ZTeva, seem to be the consequence of a toxic effect of the molluscum contagiosum virus, as no evidence of virus multiplication can be obtained in this system.In the course of a study on the behaviour of mo]luscum contagiosum virus in cell cultures, the preliminary results of which have already been communicated (14), we were able to confirm Neva's results. Moreover, our findings, reported in this paper, seem to indicate that the cytotoxic effect of molluscum contagiosum virus in human amnion cell cultures probably involves the partial functioning of the viral genome.