Studies on Microwave-Assisted Pyrolysis of Rice Straw Using Solar Photovoltaic Power

Fodah, Ahmed Elsayed Mahmoud; Ghosal, M. K.; Behera, D.

doi:10.1007/s12155-020-10172-1

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…These results are found to be similar to the data reported in the literatures. 27,43 From the curves of the heating rates as shown in Figure 7, the heating rate was found to be maximum during 1-7 minutes in the initial stage for all levels of input power. This may be due to the faster rate of reaction, occurring in the pyrolysis process and such behavior was in similarity with the results of the other researchers.…”

Section: Temperature Profilesmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Bio-oil water content was measured by following the standard procedure. 27 Gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) Agilent 5890-5973 was used to identify the chemical compositions of the wood vinegar samples. The system was provided with an capillary column HP-5.…”

Section: Products Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may be due to the faster rate of reaction, occurring in the pyrolysis process and such behavior was in similarity with the results of the other researchers. 27,29 Subsequently, the heating rate was found to be decreased from 8 to 25 minutes of the reaction process till the supply of microwave radiation to the reactor was discontinued. After that, no heating activity was observed significantly in the microwave power levels from 300 to 900 W. The negative values of heating rates were also found during 8-15 minutes of the reaction time.…”

Section: Temperature Profilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solar‐powered microwave pyrolysis of corn stover for value‐added products and process techno‐economic assessment

Fodah

Ghosal

Behera

2020

Intl J of Energy Research

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Microwave pyrolysis, powered by the solar photovoltaic (PV) electricity has been studied for safe and effective disposal of one of the abundantly available agro-residues that is, corn stover (CS) in India. The study focuses on maximizing the yields of value-added products that is, wood vinegar and biochar, because of their several applications in the agriculture and easy trading among the farmers with a scope of earning higher economic benefits. The effects of different levels microwave power, reaction time, and various concentrations of additive (biochar) on the yields of the pyrolytic products have been investigated. Under the optimal conditions of pyrolysis (input power of 700 W for microwave, pyrolysis reaction duration of 20 minutes and use of 5% additive from biochar), the yields of wood vinegar and biochar were measured to be 31 and 34 wt%, respectively, with the lower yields of both tars (9.64 wt%) and gas (25.2 wt%). The wood vinegar, obtained from the study, contained about 28%-32% acids, 10%-15% phenols, 18%-20% ketones, and 12% alcohol with the pH in the range of 2.94-3.21. The lower heating value (LHV) of biochar ranged from 22-27 MJ/kg. From the techno-economic and environmental assessment, the monthly income, payback period and quantity of CO 2 mitigation are estimated to be USD 44, 3.5 years and 25.6 tones in case of lab-scale set up and USD 44114, 1.7 years, and 20 549 tones for scaled-up production systems, respectively. These findings would contribute to diminish the greenhouse gases emissions, mitigate climate change, and help to derive economic benefits for the farmers along with the effective utilization of agro-residues.

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Section: Temperature Profilesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Products Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Temperature Profilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solar‐powered microwave pyrolysis of corn stover for value‐added products and process techno‐economic assessment

Fodah

Ghosal

Behera

2020

Intl J of Energy Research

Self Cite

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“…Microwave pretreatment is a common physical method of pretreating crop straw before AD. It leads to many potential advantages such as better heat penetration and uniformity, and shortened processing time [10], and has been widely used in food processing and bio-refinement [11][12][13][14][15][16]. In studies on the optimization of the conditions for the microwave pretreatment of RS, Kainthola et al found that microwave irradiation for 4 min at 190 °C (substrate/liquid ratio: 100 g/L) resulted in the highest solubility and the methane yield [325.23 mL/g volatile solids (VS)]; under these conditions, the fibrils of RS break and the surface discontinuity increase [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the Biogas Potential of Rice Straw Through Microwave-Assisted Ammoniation Pretreatment During Anaerobic Digestion

et al. 2021

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Rice straw is an abundant lignocellulosic biomass used to produce biogas. However, its resistant structure hinders biogas production. In this study, three pretreatments, microwave, ammoniation, and microwave-assisted ammoniation (MAA), were evaluated for their use in improving biogas production from rice straw. After an 18-day digestion, methane production by rice straw pretreated with MAA was 281.56 mL/g (volatile solids of substrate), which was 25.43%, 7.96%, and 18.18% more than that produced following the control, microwave, and ammoniation pretreatments, respectively. These increases were mainly attributed to the change in the resistant structure of rice straw following the MAA pretreatment and a more stable anaerobic digestion system. The degradation rate for the volatile solids of the rice straw pretreated with MAA during anaerobic digestion was 71.20%, which was 4.71%, and 4.86% higher than the rates observed using microwave and ammoniation pretreatments, respectively. In addition, the MAA method had a T 90 fermentation cycle of 6 days, which was 33.3%, 25.0%, and 33.3% shorter than those for the control, microwave, and ammoniation methods, respectively. This technology shows the potential to enhance biogas production from the anaerobic digestion of rice straw.

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“…However, the recent use of biomass with a high-quality energy carrier transformed from raw biomass for electricity and heat production can substantially reduce emissions from the conventional power plants. This ability to exchange raw biomass into convenient energy carriers increases the attention on biomass use for energy purpose, particularly the lignocellulosic biomass [4]. Biomass is one of the competent renewable energy sources and is applied as solid, liquid, and gas fuels [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Bio-fuels by microwave-assisted Rapid Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Palm Kernel Shells Biomass

Saleh

Islam

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Hydrothermal Liquefaction (HTL) process is an alternative way for converting biomass to bio-fuels product. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of sample’s mass and heating time on the product yield (wt%) from palm kernel shells (PKS) and to characterize the bio-oil as produced. PKS which is one kind of biomass efficiently converted to bio-oil, bi-char and bio-gas by HTL associated with modified microwave oven. A modified household microwave oven with 800W was employed in this process. The product yield was increased proportionally with the sample mass from 31.16 wt% to 41.92 wt% for bio-oil at constant time of 15 minutes. However, a vice versa trend was observed for bio char. Furthermore, it was exhibited that the highest value of 66.51 wt% and then it reduced to 42.17 wt%. The last product, bio gas shows an increasing trend from 2.32wt% to 15.90wt%. For the second parameter, the production of bio oil decreases with the increasing of heating time while bio char and bio gas increases with the increases of time. For the highest product yield, the calorific value is 37.68 MJ/kg for 15g sample and 22.32 MJ/kg for 35g sample at 15 minutes heating time. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) result reveals that multiple functional groups i.e. alcohol, aldehydes, carboxylic acid and ketones is present in the PKS bio oil. Additionally, the pH value of the bio oil was in the range of 2-3.

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Studies on Microwave-Assisted Pyrolysis of Rice Straw Using Solar Photovoltaic Power

Cited by 28 publications

References 42 publications

Solar‐powered microwave pyrolysis of corn stover for value‐added products and process techno‐economic assessment

Solar‐powered microwave pyrolysis of corn stover for value‐added products and process techno‐economic assessment

Improving the Biogas Potential of Rice Straw Through Microwave-Assisted Ammoniation Pretreatment During Anaerobic Digestion

Production of Bio-fuels by microwave-assisted Rapid Hydrothermal Liquefaction of Palm Kernel Shells Biomass

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