Studies on methylmalonyl isomerase

Weak States, Regime Types, and Civil War

“…One caveat to the domestic democratic peace proposition is the finding that new democracies -those that have only recently gone through the transition from authoritarianism to democracy -are susceptible to civil war, just as they are susceptible to authoritarian relapse. 25 Among the various non-democratic types of third world states, Geddes 26 has developed a typology that maps closely onto the categories found in earlier statecentric theories of civil war. She distinguishes four subtypes of non-democratic regimes: personalist, military, single party regimes and hybrid regimes.…”

A study of the metabolism of [U-14C]3-methyl-2-oxopentanoate by rat liver mitochondria using h.p.l.c. with continuous on-line monitoring of radioactive intact acyl-coenzyme A intermediates

“…The omission of bicarbonate resulted in an increase in propionyl-CoA and a decrease in succinyl-CoA and methylmalonyl-CoA. The Km with respect to bicarbonate of propionyl-CoA carboxylase is 2 mm (Hegre & Lane, 1966) and presumably bicarbonate derived from the oxidation of endogenous fuels is insufficient to maintain Vmax conditions. Thus the perturbation of isoleucine metabolism resulting from either riboflavin deficiency or omission of bicarbonate resulted in the expected changes in the pattern of acyl-CoA esters.…”

Economic and political explanations of Algeria's human rights violations

“…This economic explanation also finds support in the literature on civil violence. Collier and Hoeffler, 34 for example, show that frustration can arise from economic decline and deterioration in living standards, while Ellingsen 35 and Hegre et al 36 show that grievances in general are a necessary component in the civil violence equation. The 1986 world oil price collapse and the 1986 and 1988 protests contributed to the worsening of the human rights situation during 1986-91 for two main reasons.…”