Studies on <i>in vitro</i> evaluation of antidiabetic potentials of watermellon and pomegranate peels

Abstract

Diabetes is a metabolic disorder which results due to deficiency in insulin and its metabolism. At present, the prevalence of Diabetes has increased worldwide and predicted to increase to greater extent in future generations. Among various therapeutic approaches implemented to prevent diabetes is to regulate the blood glucose levels by various mechanisms. This is being assessed by in vitro antidiabetic assays such as inhibition of carbohydrate digesting enzymes and non-enzymatic glycosylation of haemoglobin. Inhibition of alpha-amylase enzyme suppresses the level of production of glucose and by inhibiting glycosylation of haemoglobin the level of blood glucose is maintained. Hence the current work focuses on investigating the anti-diabetic activity of fruit peel of Citrullus lanatus (watermelon) and Punica granatum (pomegranate) using the above mentioned assays. Our results suggested that methanol extract of Citrullus lanatus and Punica granatum peels showed potential anti-diabetic activity in vitro which indicates that these extracts can be taken further for in vivo studies.

Phytochemical profile, nutritional composition of pomegranate peel and peel extract as a potential source of nutraceutical: A comprehensive review

“…Methanol extracts of pomegranate peel inhibit glycosylation of hemoglobin for exerting their antidiabetic effect (Sani & Nair, 2017).…”

“…Pomegranate peel‐derived punicalagin interacts with α‐glucosidase, thus delaying its role in carbohydrate metabolism (Liu et al., 2022 ). Methanol extracts of pomegranate peel inhibit glycosylation of hemoglobin for exerting their antidiabetic effect (Sani & Nair, 2017 ). Studies have shown that pomegranate peel extract‐stabilized gold nanoparticles significantly decreased the risk of diabetes nephropathy by reducing glucose fasting levels, renal toxicity indices, and serum total cholesterol and triglycerides in a hyperglycemic condition.…”

Physicochemical and Toxicological Screening of Silver Nanoparticle Biosynthesis from Punica granatum Peel Extract

“…Punica granatum, commonly known as the pomegranate, is a plant with a rich history of traditional medicinal uses. Research has shown that P. granatum exhibits a wide range of pharmacological properties and health benefits, highlighting its therapeutic effects in various conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, inflammation, and gastrointestinal issues [9][10][11][12][13]. It was stated that extracts of various parts of P. granatum have an important role in reducing osteoporosis, as well as a gastro-protective effect through the inhibition of gastric mucosal injury [14,15].…”

Antidiabetic and Hypoglycaemic Activities of Commonly Used African Traditional Vegetables

“…The vegetables were chosen on the basis of popularity. 7,8 Antidiabetic active compounds such as 1-4, (E)-5-hydroxy-7methoxy-3-(2'-hydroxybenzyl)-4-chromanone, cytopiloyne, stearic acid ethyl ester, 3-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy-1-hydroxy-6(E)tetradecene-8,10,1 2-triyne, 2-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy-1-hydroxy-5(E)-tridecene-7,9,11-triyne, 3-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy-1hydroxy-6(E)-tetradecene-8,10,12-triyn, methyl 4-O-caffeoyl-2-Cmethyl-D-erythronate, 4-O-methylokanin, -(14E, 18E, 22E, 26E) -methyl nonacosa-14, 18, 22, 26 tetraenoate, indole-3-acetonitrile, 4-methoxyindole-3-acetonitrile, indole-3-aldehyde, flavonoids, liquiritin, licochalcone A, sinapic acid, caffeic acid, 2-phenylethyl β-glucopyranoside, salidroside, syringic acid, adenosine, (3β, 20E)ergosta-5, 20 (22)-dien-3-ol, Licochalcone A, caffeic acid, palmitic acid, pheophorbide A-methyl ester and α-spinasterol were isolated from some of the wild plants. Given the large number of in vivo studies, it could be expected that more compounds would have been isolated and tested.…”