Studies on invasiveness of cancer. Adhesiveness of malignant cells in various human adenocarcinomas

McCutcheon, Morton; Coman, Dale Rex; Moore, Fontaine B.

doi:10.1002/1097-0142(194809)1:3<460::aid-cncr2820010313>3.0.co;2-a

Cited by 86 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Such a balance has been postulated by Steinberg (103) to have a profound influence on the spatial relationship of tissues (103) . The deficiency of nexuses observed in this study, as well as decreased numbers of desmosomes, appear to be factors responsible for the observed decrease in adhesion between carcinoma cells (2,17,25,76,119 ; see also 32,45,75) . A loss of cell-to-cell "connections" was postulated by Cowdry in 1940 (27) to be a "necessary prelude" for the diffusely infiltrating type of invasion frequently exhibited by squamous carcinomas .…”

supporting

confidence: 49%

Further Observations on the Occurrence of Nexuses in Benign and Malignant Human Cervical Epithelium

McNutt

Hershberg

Weinstein

1971

The Journal of Cell Biology

126

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An estimate is made of the frequency of occurrence of nexuses ("gap junctions") in a spectrum of human cervical epithelia, ranging from normal to malignant, since a deficiency of nexuses may be important in abnormal cell-to-cell communication in malignant tissues . The normal cervical epithelium has approximately ten nexuses per cell in the basal layer of proliferating cells and 200 nexuses per cell in the more differentiated intermediate zone .Nexuses are rare between invasive malignant epithelial cells (carcinoma cells) . In many areas of cell proliferation near the edge of the tumor mass, fewer than one nexus per cell is present . However, up to four nexuses per cell can be found in some well differentiated regions of invasive carcinoma . Preinvasive malignant epithelia (severe dysplasia and carcinoma-in situ) have as few nexuses as invasive carcinoma . In abnormal but benign epithelia (squamous metaplasia and mild dysplasia), nexuses are abundant. The data indicate that a decrease in number of nexuses correlates with the severity of the morphological alteration in the dysplastic epithelium . Also the deficiency of nexuses in groups of carcinoma cells can occur many cell generations before the development of invasion of the malignant epithelium into the connective tissue . The diminution of nexuses before invasion suggests that a deficiency of nexuses may be one of the important factors in eventually permitting the development of the diffusely infiltrating type of invasion which is characteristic of highly malignant tumors such as squamous carcinomas .

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supporting

confidence: 49%

Further Observations on the Occurrence of Nexuses in Benign and Malignant Human Cervical Epithelium

McNutt

Hershberg

Weinstein

1971

The Journal of Cell Biology

126

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“…Both agglutinating activity and CSP are nondialyzable, trypsin-sensitive, poorly extracted from cells by serum-free medium, readily extracted by urea, progressively adsorbed (17) is related to decreased production of CSP or related cell surface molecules.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The major cell surface glycoprotein of chick embryo fibroblasts is an agglutinin.

Yamada¹,

Yamada²,

Pastan³

1975

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

205

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A major cell surface protein, CSP, of chick embryo fibroblasts has been shown to constitute up to 3% of total cell protein, and to be decreased after viral transformation. Its role in normal cell behavior is not known. We yield and purity of CSP. Monolayers of chick embryo fibroblasts were plated in disposable 690 cm2 roller bottles (Bellco) and fed daily. After reaching confluence, monolayers were washed at 370 with 50 ml of Hanks' balanced salts solution four times, then rinsed 60 min with 25 ml of serumfree medium (Diploid Growth Medium or Dulbecco's modified Eagle s medium) containing 2 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride. After another rinse with salts solution, the monolayers were extracted for 2 hr with 25 ml of serum-free medium containing phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride plus 1.0 M urea (Schwarz/Mann, ultrapure grade). After centrifugation at 25,000 X g for 15 min, the preparations were dialyzed for 20 hr against three changes of 40 volumes each of serumfree medium or calcium-magnesium free Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline at 40 with vigorous stirring. CSP was prepared weekly and stored at 4°.Hemagglutination Assay. Formalinized sheep erythrocytes were prepared according to Butler (5), using calciummagnesium free phosphate/saline (pH 7.4). Hemagglutinating activity was routinely assayed at room temperature using methods modified from those of Rosen et al. (4). A sample of 0.025 ml was serially 2-fold diluted in calciummagnesium free phosphate/saline in Linbro "U"-shaped wells. Then 0.025 ml of a 2.5% suspension of formalinized red cells was added to each well. After sealing, the plate was agitated for 5 sec, again 3 min later, and then kept at room temperature for 16 hr. Although the assay could be read after 2 hr, all readings were made from photographs taken after 16 hr. Identical agglutinin activities were obtained if the assay was performed at 4°. Agglutinin patterns were similar to those of classical antibody hemagglutination assays (e.g., refs. 6 and 7). For inhibitor studies, volumes of material added to the wells were adjusted to give a final erythrocyte concentration of 1.25% and a hemagglutination activity of 4-8 units per the final assay volume of 0.05 ml.Electrophoresis. Extracts were prepared for electrophoresis in 5% polyacrylamide sodium dodecyl sulfate gels as described (3). Protein was estimated relative to bovine serum albumin standards by densitometry at 550 nm of gels stained with Coomassie blue. Absorbance was linearly proportional to CSP (3) or albumin concentration up to 8 ,g per gel.Erythrocyte Binding and Release of CSP. Formalinized sheep erythrocytes were pretreated with 1 M urea in calcium-magnesium free phosphate/saline containing 1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride for 2 hr, then washed five times by centrifugation and resuspension in phosphate/saline. Packed erythrocytes were resuspended in 9 volumes of a CSP preparation in phosphate/saline, and maintained in 3158

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“…(Dunham, Nichols and Brunschwig, 1946;de Long, Coman, an. Zeidman, 1950), decreased adherence (McCutcheon, Coman and, Moore, 1948), absence of contact inhibition (Abercrombie andHeaysman, 1953, 1954) and accelerated electrophoretic mobility (Ambrose, James and Lowick, 1956) have all been demonstrated. However the fundamental change underlying these has not yet been elucidated, and it remains to be shown whether any or all of them run parallel to the apparent changes in antigen-content.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

A and B Antigens of Normal and Malignant Cells

Kay¹

1957

Br J Cancer

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Studies on invasiveness of cancer. Adhesiveness of malignant cells in various human adenocarcinomas

Cited by 86 publications

References 2 publications

Further Observations on the Occurrence of Nexuses in Benign and Malignant Human Cervical Epithelium

Further Observations on the Occurrence of Nexuses in Benign and Malignant Human Cervical Epithelium

The major cell surface glycoprotein of chick embryo fibroblasts is an agglutinin.

A and B Antigens of Normal and Malignant Cells

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