Studies on insecticide-impregnated targets for the control of riverine <i>Glossina</i> spp. (Diptera: Glossinidae) in the sub-humid savanna zone of Nigeria

Oladunmade, M. A.; Takken, Willem; Dengwat, L.; Ndams, I. S.

doi:10.1017/s000748530001436x

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Some of the measures to control riverine tsetse flies include application of pyrethroid based-insecticides or 'pour-on' (Bauer et al 1995;Leak et al 1995), mass trapping (Gouteux & Lancien 1986;Takken et al 1986), chemical insecticide-impregnated traps or targets (Laveissière & Couret 1981Oladunmade et al 1985), and sterile insect technique (SIT) (Politzar & Cuisance 1982;Takken et al 1986;Oladunmade et al 1990). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects of a fungus-contamination device for the control of tsetse flyGlossina fuscipes fuscipes

Maniania¹,

Ekesi²,

Odulaja³

et al. 2006

Biocontrol Science and Technology

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The prospects of the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. applied in contamination devices (Cds) to control tsetse fly Glossina fuscipes fuscipes Newstead was tested in a field experiment in Lake Victoria from 2 March 1999 to 31 August 2000. One hundred and sixty pyramidal traps mounted with Cds were deployed along the lakeshore and rivers on Mfangano Island. Contamination devices were loaded with 1.5 Á/2.0 g of dry conidia/Cd. On the second island, Nzenze Island, four pyramidal traps fitted with plastic bags were deployed and served as the conventional 'trap and kill' population suppression method. A third island, Ngodhe Island, remained untreated and served as a control. Cds were recharged monthly with fresh conidia; plastic bags were also changed monthly. The apparent changes in population density were monitored weekly using biconical traps set at random on the three islands. To assess the incidence of M. anisopliae in tsetse flies on Mfangano Island, flies captured during monitoring were maintained in the laboratory and their mortality recorded. Fly population was reduced to 82.4 and 95.8% relative to untreated control on Mfangano and Nzenze islands, respectively, during the experimental period. Compared to the fungus-treated island, the number of flies caught in monitoring traps increased considerably in 'trap kill' treatment at 5 months after the treatments were removed. The incidence of M. anisopliae in fly populations was low during the 12 weeks following the initiation of the experiment but increased afterward until termination of the treatment. M. anisopliae could still be recovered from fly populations at 3 months after termination of the treatment, although the incidence was low. The results of this study have shown that application of M. anisopliae in a contamination device can suppress the population of G. fuscipes fuscipes comparable to the 'trap and kill' technology.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects of a fungus-contamination device for the control of tsetse flyGlossina fuscipes fuscipes

Maniania¹,

Ekesi²,

Odulaja³

et al. 2006

Biocontrol Science and Technology

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“…These data are in accordance with earlier differential equation models that showed that, for pest species with a low fertility rate and a high survivorship such as tsetse flies, the combination of sterile insects (effective at low densities) and traps (very effective at high densities) is most efficient (Barclay and van den Driessche 1989). Results obtained in operational AW-IPM programs with an SIT component are testimony to this, although the release of sterile males was preceded in Tanzania (Williamson et al 1983a, b) with SAT, and in Nigeria (Oladunmade et al 1985), Burkina Faso (Politzar and Cuisance 1984) and Unguja Island (Vreysen et al 2000) with ITL or TT and not used simultaneously.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…For riverine species, the density of traps/targets is expressed in number of traps/targets per linear km in the sub-humid areas where the flies are confined to gallery forests. Target/trap densities of 7-10 per linear km were usually used against G. palpalis in those areas (Politzar and Cuisance 1984;Oladunmade et al 1985). However, in the more humid areas of West Africa, riverine species are often not strictly riverine anymore and their distribution becomes more ubiquitous, requiring much higher trap densities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A dynamic population model for tsetse (Diptera: Glossinidae) area‐wide integrated pest management

Barclay

Vreysen

2010

Population Ecology

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A spatial model of tsetse (Glossina palpalis ssp. and G. pallidipes) life cycle was created in FOR-TRAN, and four control measures [aerial spraying of nonresidual insecticides, traps and targets, insecticide-treated livestock (ITL) and the sterile insect technique] were programmed into the model to assess how much of each of various combinations of these control tactics would be necessary to eradicate the population. The model included density-independent and -dependent mortality rates, temperature-dependent mortality, an age-dependent mortality, two mechanisms of dispersal and a component of aggregation. Sensitivity analyses assessed the importance of various life history features and indicated that female fertility and factors affecting survivorship had the greatest impact on the equilibrium of the female population. The female equilibrium was likewise reduced when dispersal and aggregation were acting together. Sensitivity analyses showed that basic female survivorship, age-dependent and temperature-dependent survivorship of adults, teneralspecific survivorship, daily female fertility, and mean temperature had the greatest effect on the four applied control measures. Time to eradication was reduced by initial knockdown of the population and due to the synergism of certain combinations of methods [e.g., traps-targets and sterile insect technique (SIT); ITL and SIT].Competitive ability of the sterile males was an important parameter when sterile to wild male overflooding ratios were small. An aggregated wild population reduced the efficiency of the SIT, but increased it with increased dispersal. The model can be used interactively to facilitate decision making during the planning and implementation of operational area-wide integrated pest management programs against tsetse.

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“…They point out that SIT may be the only way to clean up isolated populations or populations that have only those ßies remaining that are not attracted to targets or baits. They also point to successful Þeld operations (Politzar and Cuisance 1984;Oladunmade et al 1985Oladunmade et al , 1990Vreysen et al 2000). Those who see SIT as unnecessary, for example, Molyneux (2001) argue against SIT as a continent-wide eradication strategy and allow these arguments spill over into a general dismissal of SIT as a component of integrated area-wide control.…”

Section: Case Study: Using Simulation Models To Advise Tsetse Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical Modeling, Spatial Complexity, and Critical Decisions in Tsetse Control

Peck¹,

Bouyer

2012

jnl. econ. entom.

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The tsetse fly complex (Glossina spp.) is widely recognized as a key contributor to the African continent's continuing struggle to emerge from deep economic, social, and political problems. Vector control, the backbone of intensive efforts to remove the human and livestock trypanosomosis problem, has been typified by spectacular successes and failures. There is widespread agreement that integrated vector control, combined with direct disease treatment and prevention, has to play a major role in alleviating the tsetse burden in Africa. Mathematical and computer-based simulation models have been extensively used to try to understand how best to manage these control efforts. Such models in ecology have been helpful in giving broad generalizations about population dynamics and control. Unfortunately, in many ways they have inadequately addressed key aspects of the fly's biology and ecology, particularly the spatio-temporal variability of its habitats. These too must factor in any control efforts. Mathematical models have inherent limitations that must be considered in their use for control programs. In this review, we consider some of the controversies being debated within the field of ecology and evolution about the use of mathematical models and critically review several models that have been influential in structuring tsetse control efforts. We also make recommendations on the appropriate role that mathematical and simulation models should play when used for these purposes. Management programs are often vulnerable to naively using these models inappropriately. The questions raised in this review will apply broadly to many conservation and area-wide pest control programs with an ecological component relying on mathematical and computer simulation models to inform their decisions.

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Studies on insecticide-impregnated targets for the control of riverine Glossina spp. (Diptera: Glossinidae) in the sub-humid savanna zone of Nigeria

Cited by 13 publications

References 6 publications

Prospects of a fungus-contamination device for the control of tsetse flyGlossina fuscipes fuscipes

Prospects of a fungus-contamination device for the control of tsetse flyGlossina fuscipes fuscipes

A dynamic population model for tsetse (Diptera: Glossinidae) area‐wide integrated pest management

Mathematical Modeling, Spatial Complexity, and Critical Decisions in Tsetse Control

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