Studies on heterosis and its relation to genetic divergence in maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines

Datta, D. V.; Mukherjee, B. K.; Das, S. P.; Barua, Nagendra Sarma

doi:10.1007/bf03543333

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The highest inter cluster distance between cluster B and D showed greater divergence between inbreds of these two clusters indicating wider differences in their mean values. Similar results indicating appreciable extent of divergence were also reported by earlier workers [3,24]. The least distance was observed between clusters B and C (1.0401) indicating the genetic closeness between the inbreds of these two clusters.…”

Section: Divergence Analysis Based On Morphological Characterssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The reasons behind that genetically diverse parent are expected to produce high heterotic effects and desirable segregants as reported by many workers [1]. But, superior heterotic expression is sometimes also observed in the hybrid using moderately divergent parents associated with high per se performance [2,3]. Maize breeders concentrate on maintenance and exploitation of two or more heterotic breeding groups for the development of inbreds and subsequent hybrids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isozyme Pattern and Morpho-agronomical Traits Based Genetic Divergence Studies in Maize (Zea mays L.) Inbreds

Kumari¹,

Singh²,

Sharma³

2019

CJAST

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The present investigation was carried out with an objective to study genetic divergence based on morpho-agronomical traits and isozyme pattern in eight maize inbreds. These inbreds were evaluated in randomized block design with three replication for ten morph-agronomical traits. Horizontal starch gel electrophoresis technique used to study the isozyme polymorphism in different tissues of eight inbreds. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the inbreds for all the ten morpho-agronomical traits. Nature and extent of genetic divergence for morpho-agronomical traits was measured using average taxonomic distances as a measure of dissimilarity coefficient. Eight inbreds were clustered into four groups (A, B, C, D) based on dissimilarity coefficient. Cluster B and cluster D showed the highest inter cluster distance (2.2422) and the lowest was observed between clusters B and C (1.0401). Cluster A exhibited the highest intra cluster distance (0.8519). Based on inter cluster distances inbreds present in cluster B and D were found more diverse consisted of inbred CML 186 and CM 600 respectively. Six isozyme systems were used for characterization and divergence studies based on similarity coefficients. Inbreds were classified into six clusters (A, B, C, D, E and F). The lowest (0.5957) similarity coefficient exist between inbreds CM 600 and CML 176 and the highest (0.8132) existed between inbreds CML 186 and CML 144. Cluster analysis in both cases reflected the moderate level of genetic divergence among the inbred lines but result may not be completely similar, but somewhat distinct and complementary in nature. Isozyme patterns was found to effective in revealing the nature of relationship among the inbred lines Therefore, divergence study using one estimate can’t replace the need to evaluate the relationship on the basis of the other which may be to used as parents in hybridization programme.

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Section: Divergence Analysis Based On Morphological Characterssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isozyme Pattern and Morpho-agronomical Traits Based Genetic Divergence Studies in Maize (Zea mays L.) Inbreds

Kumari¹,

Singh²,

Sharma³

2019

CJAST

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“…The crossing between the entries belonging to cluster pairs having large inter cluster distance and possessing high cluster means for one or other characters to be improved may be recommended for isolating desirable recombinants in the segregating generations in rice. Magnitude of heterosis for yield and its components were found to be higher in crosses between parents with intermediate divergence than the extreme one [9] and [10] .The selection on diverse parents for hybridization programme should be made after considering the intercluster distances and mean performance of genotypes for different characters. The lines belonging to diverse clusters and showing high mean performance in a desirable direction for different traits may be chosen as a parent.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity Analysis for Yield Parameters in Rice (Oryza sativa. L) Genotypes

Soundharya

Rathod

Shahana

et al. 2020

CJAST

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The present investigation was conducted during Kharif, 2019 at Regional Sugarcane and Rice Research Station, Rudrur, Nizamabad. Twenty rice genotypes were studied to assess genetic diversity analysis for days to fifty percent flowering, plant height (cm), ear bearing tillers per m2, panicle length (cm), number of filled grains per panicle, test weight (g) and plot yield (kg/ha). Based on the analysis, the genotypes were grouped into four clusters. The maximum number of genotypes (14 genotypes) was grouped in cluster I. Cluster II and III consists of three and two genotypes respectively. Remaining cluster was represented by a single genotype. Maximum inter cluster distance was observed between I and II (27.46) followed by between cluster I and IV (23.19) and between cluster II and IV (20.43) indicating wider genetic diversity between genotypes. Hence these lines may be utilized in a further breeding programme for the exploitation of hybrid vigour. Among the seven traits studied, the number of filled grains per panicle contributed maximum divergence (42.68%) followed by days to 50% flowering (32.04%), grain yield per plot (12.01%) and ear bearing tillers per m2 (8.12%). Hence these altogether contribute more than ninety per cent towards total divergence. Therefore, these characters may be given importance during hybridization programme.

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“…Phenotypic distance between the parents was estimated using Hierarchical cluster method (RStudio Team 2020) and based on these values parents were classified into 3 categories. Phenotypic distance greater than (m+SD) indicated high divergence group while (m-SD) represented lower divergence group and values falling in between these two classes was considered under medium divergence group (Datta et al 2004). Correlations of yield with potence ratio, phenotypic distance and heterosis were computed (RStudio Team 2020).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between heterosis, potence ratio and genetic distance for yield traits in maize (Zea mays)

2023

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An experiment was conducted during 2014–18 at Agricultural Research Station, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Karimnagar, Telangana to find out the relationship between heterosis, potence ratio and genetic distance for yield contributing characters in maize (Zea mays L.). Heterosis was trait dependent exhibiting high level for plant height, ear height, ear length, kernels/row, 100-kernel weight, grain yield and fodder yield. Two hybrids BML-51 × BML-14 (22.1%) and BML-51 × BML-6 (13.2%) recorded heterosis of greater than 10% over the check NK6240 and exhibited negative heterosis for flowering and maturity traits and positive heterosis for the remaining traits. Potence ratio indicated that majority of the traits in the hybrids had over dominance gene effect and expressed over dominance for ear length, ear diameter, kernels/row, fodder yield and grain yield suggesting heterosis breeding is an appropriate strategy for improvement of these traits. Standard heterosis of greater than 5% was observed in 7 crosses and out of these 6 belonged to mid parental divergence group. Five crosses, viz. BML-51 × BML-14, BML-51 × BML-7, BML-51 × BML-6, BML-32 × BML-13 and BML-32 × BML-6 with yield ranging from 7637 to 8733 kg/ha belonged to the medium parental divergence group comprising of high yielding inbreds, viz. BML-51 or BML-32 as parents. Grain yield heterosis was found significant and positively correlated with heterosis for ear length and 100-kernel weight. Therefore to maximize the full genetic potential of hybrids, inbreds with high per se performance and intermediate genetic divergence are to be involved in maize crop improvement programmes.

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Studies on heterosis and its relation to genetic divergence in maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines

Cited by 6 publications

References 9 publications

Isozyme Pattern and Morpho-agronomical Traits Based Genetic Divergence Studies in Maize (Zea mays L.) Inbreds

Isozyme Pattern and Morpho-agronomical Traits Based Genetic Divergence Studies in Maize (Zea mays L.) Inbreds

Genetic Diversity Analysis for Yield Parameters in Rice (Oryza sativa. L) Genotypes

Relationship between heterosis, potence ratio and genetic distance for yield traits in maize (Zea mays)

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