STUDIES ON GROWTH AND DIFFERENTIATION OF CARTILAGE CELLS FROM &lt;i&gt;CREEPER&lt;/i&gt; CHICK EMBRYOS IN CULTURE

Shibuya, Tohru; Kuroda, Yukiaki

doi:10.1266/jjg.48.197

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…, it does not present a large variant) with characteristically short legs ( Roberts, 2008 ). The short leg trait is associated with a dominant allele of gene Cp , which is lethal in homozygosis ( Shibuya, Fujio & Kondo, 1972 ; Shibuya & Kuroda, 1973 ) and is selected as a distinct characteristic of the breed ( Van Grouw, 2018 ). The Cp gene accelerates differentiation of chondrocytes accompanied by suppression of their proliferation, leading to stunted limb long bone growth ( Shibuya, Fujio & Kondo, 1972 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skeletal variation in bird domestication: limb proportions and sternum in chicken, with comparisons to mallard ducks and Muscovy ducks

Herrera-Castillo

Geiger

Núñez-León

et al. 2022

PeerJ

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Background Domestication, including selective breeding, can lead to morphological changes of biomechanical relevance. In birds, limb proportions and sternum characteristics are of great importance and have been studied in the past for their relation with flight, terrestrial locomotion and animal welfare. In this work we studied the effects of domestication and breed formation in limb proportions and sternum characteristics in chicken (Gallus gallus), mallard ducks (Anas plathyrhynchos) and Muscovy ducks (Cairina moschata). Methods First, we quantified the proportional length of three long bones of the forelimb (humerus, radius, and carpometacarpus) and the hind limb (femur, tibiotarsus, and tarsometatarsus) in domestic chickens, mallard ducks, and Muscovy ducks and their wild counterparts. For this, we took linear measurements of these bones and compared their proportions in the wild vs. the domestic group in each species. In chicken, these comparisons could also be conducted among different breeds. We then evaluated the proportional differences in the context of static and ontogenetic allometry. Further, we compared discrete sternum characteristics in red jungle fowl and chicken breeds. In total, we examined limb bones of 287 specimens and keel bones of 63 specimens. Results We found a lack of significant change in the proportions of limb bones of chicken and Muscovy duck due to domestication, but significant differences in the case of mallard ducks. Variation of evolvability, allometric scaling, and heterochrony may serve to describe some of the patterns of change we report. Flight capacity loss in mallard ducks resulting from domestication may have a relation with the difference in limb proportions. The lack of variation in proportions that could distinguish domestic from wild forms of chicken and Muscovy ducks may reflect no selection for flight capacity during the domestication process in these groups. In chicken, some of the differences identified in the traits discussed are breed-dependent. The study of the sternum revealed that the condition of crooked keel was not unique to domestic chicken, that some sternal characteristics were more frequent in certain chicken breeds than in others, and that overall there were no keel characteristics that are unique for certain chicken breeds. Despite some similar morphological changes identified across species, this study highlights the lack of universal patterns in domestication and breed formation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skeletal variation in bird domestication: limb proportions and sternum in chicken, with comparisons to mallard ducks and Muscovy ducks

Herrera-Castillo

Geiger

Núñez-León

et al. 2022

PeerJ

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“…he Creeper (Cp) trait of the chicken is characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance of congenital shortness of extremities caused by chondrodystrophy in Cp/+ heterozygotes; however, the Creeper allele is lethal at the embryonic stage in Cp/Cp homozygotes [1][2][3][4][5] . The Cp locus is closely linked to the MNR2 (MNR2 homeodomain protein) gene on chromosome 7, which is responsible for the Rose-comb trait 4,[6][7][8][9] .…”

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Combined deletions of IHH and NHEJ1 cause chondrodystrophy and embryonic lethality in the Creeper chicken

et al. 2020

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The Creeper (Cp) chicken is characterized by chondrodystrophy in Cp/+ heterozygotes and embryonic lethality in Cp/Cp homozygotes. However, the genes underlying the phenotypes have not been fully known. Here, we show that a 25 kb deletion on chromosome 7, which contains the Indian hedgehog (IHH) and non-homologous end-joining factor 1 (NHEJ1) genes, is responsible for the Cp trait in Japanese bantam chickens. IHH is essential for chondrocyte maturation and is downregulated in the Cp/+ embryos and completely lost in the Cp/Cp embryos. This indicates that chondrodystrophy is caused by the loss of IHH and that chondrocyte maturation is delayed in Cp/+ heterozygotes. The Cp/Cp homozygotes exhibit impaired DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair due to the loss of NHEJ1, resulting in DSB accumulation in the vascular and nervous systems, which leads to apoptosis and early embryonic death.

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Developmental and Cellular Skeletal Biology

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STUDIES ON GROWTH AND DIFFERENTIATION OF CARTILAGE CELLS FROM <i>CREEPER</i> CHICK EMBRYOS IN CULTURE

Cited by 5 publications

References 12 publications

Skeletal variation in bird domestication: limb proportions and sternum in chicken, with comparisons to mallard ducks and Muscovy ducks

Skeletal variation in bird domestication: limb proportions and sternum in chicken, with comparisons to mallard ducks and Muscovy ducks

Combined deletions of IHH and NHEJ1 cause chondrodystrophy and embryonic lethality in the Creeper chicken

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