Studies on Gangrene Following Cold Injury. Ix. The Effect of Rutin and Other Chemical Agents on the Course of Experimental Frostbite in Rabbits 12

Fuhrman, Frederick A.; Crismon, J. M.

doi:10.1172/jci101967

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…In a rat lower limb model, early surgical denervation (within 24 hours of exposure) reduced tissue loss, but had no effect if performed after 24 hours [37]. However in a rabbit ear model, a procaine sympathectomy had no demonstrable beneficial effect [38]. Despite over 80 years of study, the potential benefit of sympathectomy in frostbite continues to be proposed, suggesting most clinicians remain uncertain of the role of sympathectomy in frostbite [39].…”

Section: Sympathectomymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Clinical Review of the Management of Frostbite

Davis

Dhillon

et al. 2011

J R Army Med Corps

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Frostbite is a thermal injury that can occur when temperatures drop low enough for tissue to freeze. On rewarming the tissues, an inflammatory process develops which is often associated with tissue loss. The extent of the tissue loss reflects the severity of the cold exposure and includes factors such as temperature, duration, wind chill, altitude, and systemic hypothermia. This review discusses the epidemiology, the pathophysiological processes involved, and the clinical management of frostbite injuries. Practical advice is given on both the field and hospital management and how to seek expert advice from remote situations. The review also discusses newer developments in frostbite treatment such as intra-vascular thrombolysis and adjunctive treatments such as the use of intravenous vasodilators.

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Section: Sympathectomymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Clinical Review of the Management of Frostbite

Davis

Dhillon

et al. 2011

J R Army Med Corps

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“…DISCUSSION In 1948 Fuhrman and Crismon (1) reported experiments which indicated that rutin was of some value in preventing tissue necrosis after severe frostbite of the rabbit's foot resulting from direct immersion of the hind limb in a freezing mixture. Six rabbits given rutin for from one to ten days before and for from 5 to 17 days after freezing suffered minimal tissue loss as compared with the extensive gangrene which developed in the untreated controls.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies in Experimental Frostbite: X. Evaluation of Rutin in Prophylaxis and Treatment of Frostbite in the Mouse Resulting From Exposure To Low Ambient Temperature

Kunkler

Shumacker

1954

Angiology

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The demonstration that rutin and other flavanoids have some effectiveness in reducing tissue necrosis resulting from experimental frostbite in certain animal species (1-3) has naturally raised the question whether such drugs would be of prophylactic or therapeutic value in the management of local cold injuries in man. Previous experiments have been concerned with the effect of these agents in frostbite induced by immersion of an animal's foot, tail, or ear in a freezing mixture. It was hoped that further information might be forthcoming from a study of such drugs in the prevention or treatment of frostbite resulting from exposure of the unanesthetized animal to a low ambient temperature. MATERIALS AND METHODSDomestic albino mice ranging in weight from 20 to 25 gm were used. Rutin was administered by gavage in doses of 200 mg per kilogram of body weight in a 2 per cent suspension of the drug in one per cent gelatin. One group of 50 mice was given a daily dose of rutin for seven days prior to exposure, while 50 mice served as untreated controls. Another group of 50 received a similar dose of rutin for two days before and for seven days following exposure. An equal number of animals served as controls. Prior to exposure the tail length and weight of each animal was recorded. Each mouse was then exposed in an ordinary deep freeze unit to a temperature of from -19° to -14°C. Treated and control animals were exposed alternately. The period of exposure before the tail became solidly frozen was recorded and the animal was removed to ordinary room atmosphere. The time required for thawing of the frozen tail was similarly recorded. Following exposure, the animals were kept in cages in a room maintained at 25-26°C. They were fed a standard laboratory diet. Each was observed daily and final evaluation of the extent of damage was made in 14 days, by which time either all gangrenous tissue had spontaneously separated or was sharply demarcated from the viable tissue. Those animals which died during the exposure or within a few days were not included in the final evaluation. OBSERVATIONS Prophylactic Use of Rutin. Forty-nine of the 50 mice in the control group survived the exposure, as did 43 of the group treated for one week previously with rutin. All 49 of the control group sustained solid freezing of the tail and 48 of them had solidification of the hind feet as well. Of the treated group all 43 at University of British Columbia Library on June 22, 2015 ang.sagepub.com Downloaded from

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“…65 In a rabbit ear model, however, a procaine sympathectomy had no demonstrable beneficial effect. 66 Frostbite patients often experience long-term delayed symptoms, such as pain, paresthesias, and numbness. Chemical or surgical sympathectomy to treat these symptoms has been performed with variable results.…”

Section: Sympathectomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Wilderness Medical Society Practice Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Frostbite: 2014 Update

McIntosh¹,

Opacic

Freer

et al. 2014

Wilderness & Environmental Medicine

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The Wilderness Medical Society convened an expert panel to develop a set of evidence-based guidelines for the prevention and treatment of frostbite. We present a review of pertinent pathophysiology. We then discuss primary and secondary prevention measures and therapeutic management. Recommendations are made regarding each treatment and its role in management. These recommendations are graded on the basis of the quality of supporting evidence and balance between the benefits and risks or burdens for each modality according to methodology stipulated by the American College of Chest Physicians. This is an updated version of the original guidelines published in

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Studies on Gangrene Following Cold Injury. Ix. The Effect of Rutin and Other Chemical Agents on the Course of Experimental Frostbite in Rabbits 12

Cited by 20 publications

References 20 publications

A Clinical Review of the Management of Frostbite

A Clinical Review of the Management of Frostbite

Studies in Experimental Frostbite: X. Evaluation of Rutin in Prophylaxis and Treatment of Frostbite in the Mouse Resulting From Exposure To Low Ambient Temperature

Wilderness Medical Society Practice Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Frostbite: 2014 Update

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