Studies on Epinephrin. Ii

Tompkins, Edna H.; Sturgis, Cyrus C.; Wearn, Joseph T.

doi:10.1001/archinte.1919.00090260024002

Cited by 23 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…/min. (Tompkins, Sturgis, and Wearn, 1919;Lyman, Nicholls, and McCann, 1923;Cori and Buchwald, 1930;and Courtice, Douglas, and Priestley, 1939), but no explanation of this effect has been put forward.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…/min. DISCUSSION Stimulation of the respiration in man by the intravenous infusion of adrenaline has been noted by many workers (Tompkins, Sturgis, and Wearn, 1919;Lyman, Nicholls, and McCann, 1923;Cori and Buchwald, 1930;and Courtice, Douglas, and Priestley, 1939), but no explanation of this effect has been put forward. Reale, Kappert, Skoglund, and Sutton (1950) reported an increase in the rate and depth of respiration with noradrenaline and attributed the increased amplitude to a compensatory reaction to decreased lung volume.…”

Section: Intramentioning

confidence: 97%

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The Effect on Respiration of Infusions of Adrenaline and Noradrenaline Into the Carotid and Vertebral Arteries in Man

Coles

Duff

Shepherd

et al. 1956

British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy

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Intravenous injections of adrenaline and noradrenaline in man cause a striking increase in the rate and depth of respiration. This is associated with a fall in the alveolar CO2 content and an increase in the respiratory minute volume. The hyperpnoea is abrupt in onset and does not appear to be accounted for by a general increase in metabolic rate (Whelan and Young, 1953).The present experiments were carried out in an attempt to determine if the stimulant effect of adrenaline and noradrenaline on respiration in man is the result of a direct action on the respiratory or other centre in the brain. METHODSThe subjects were patients on whom cerebral angiography was being carried out for diagnostic purposes. Following the first injection of contrast medium, an interval elapsed, while the films were developed and studied, before further injections were made. Advantage was taken of this interval to infuse small doses of adrenaline or noradrenaline and record their effects on respiration.The patients lay supine with the head extended. The respiratory movements were recorded by means of two stethographs, one around the chest and the other around the abdomen (Shepherd, 1951;Dornhorst and Leathart, 1952). These were connected to a volume recorder which traced the movements with an ink writer on a kymograph drum.Direct Infusion into the Common Carotid Artery. -Under local anaesthesia with 10-20 ml. of 1% (w/v) procaine, a needle, 9.5 cm. long and 2 mm. in external diameter with a short bevel, was inserted into the common carotid artery. The needle was connected to a mechanically-driven syringe by a length of polythene tubing. An infusion of 0.9% saline was maintained throughout at a rate of 4 ml./min. and was interrupted when required either for injection of contrast medium or for the infusion of adrenaline or noradrenaline solutions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Intramentioning

confidence: 97%

The Effect on Respiration of Infusions of Adrenaline and Noradrenaline Into the Carotid and Vertebral Arteries in Man

Coles

Duff

Shepherd

et al. 1956

British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy

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“…A report that catecholamines affect ventilation (2) was confirmed in man over 50 years ago (3). Epinephrine, norepinephrine and isoproterenol cause hyperventilation in man (4)(5)(6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Effects of adrenergic stimulation on ventilation in man

Heistad¹,

Wheeler²,

Mark³

et al. 1972

J. Clin. Invest.

171

102

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A B S T R A C T The mechanism by which catecholamines affect ventilation in man is not known. Ventilatory responses to catecholamines were observed in normal subjects before and after adrenergic receptor blockade. Intravenous infusions of norepinephrine and isoproterenol caused significant increases in minute volume and decreases in end-tidal Pcog which were blocked by the administration of propranolol, a beta adrenergic receptor blocker. The hyperventilatory response to hypoxia was not altered by propranolol.Intravenous infusion of phenylephrine caused a small but significant decrease in minute volume which was antagonized by phentolamine, an alpha adrenergic receptor blocker. Angiotensin, a nonadrenergic pressor agent, also decreased minute volume significantly.100% oxygen was administered to suppress arterial chemoreceptors. Increases in minute volume and decreases in arterial Pco2 in response to norepinephrine and isoproterenol were blocked by breathing 100% oxygen. The decrease in minute volume during phenylephrine was not altered by 100% oxygen.The results indicate that: (a) beta adrenergic receptors mediate the hyperventilatory response to norepinephrine and isoproterenol but not to hypoxia. (b) the pressor agents phenylephrine and angiotensin decrease ventilation, and (c) suppression of chemoreceptors blocks the ventilatory response to norepinephrine and isoproterenol but not to phenylephrine. Implications concerning the interaction of adrenergic receptors and chemoreceptors with respect to the hyperventilatory response to catecholamines are discussed.

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“…This was usually accompanied by a feeling of tightness in the chest.The stimulating action of small doses of adrenaline on the respiration in unanaesthetized man (Tompkins, Sturgis, and Wearn, 1919;Lyman, Nicholls, and McCann, 1923 ;Cori and Buchwald, 1930;Courtice, Douglas, and Priestley, 1939) and animals (Boothby and Sandiford, 1923) and in anaesthetized animals (Nice, Rock, and Courtright, 1914;Nice and Neill, 1924;Wright, 1930) is well known. Reale, Kappert, Skoglund, and Sutton (1950) reported an increased rate and depth of respiration with intravenous noradrenaline in man, but a direct comparison of the effects of the two drugs on the respiration does not appear to have been made.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…

METHODSThe subjects were examined two to three hours after a light breakfast.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Adrenaline and Noradrenaline Infusions on Respiration in Man

Whelan

Young

1953

British Journal of Pharmacology and Chemotherapy

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During the course of investigations on the cardiovascular responses to intravenous infusions of adrenaline and noradrenaline in man an increase in the rate and depth of the respiration was frequently observed, especially during the first few minutes of the infusion period. This was usually accompanied by a feeling of tightness in the chest.The stimulating action of small doses of adrenaline on the respiration in unanaesthetized man (Tompkins, Sturgis, and Wearn, 1919;Lyman, Nicholls, and McCann, 1923 ;Cori and Buchwald, 1930;Courtice, Douglas, and Priestley, 1939) and animals (Boothby and Sandiford, 1923) and in anaesthetized animals (Nice, Rock, and Courtright, 1914;Nice and Neill, 1924;Wright, 1930) is well known. Reale, Kappert, Skoglund, and Sutton (1950) reported an increased rate and depth of respiration with intravenous noradrenaline in man, but a direct comparison of the effects of the two drugs on the respiration does not appear to have been made.In the present investigation the influence of adrenaline and noradrenaline on the respiratory pattern and gaseous exchange was examined in the conscious human subject. METHODSThe subjects were examined two to three hours after a light breakfast. The laboratory was temperaturecontrolled at 20-23' C., and the subject lay on a couch with face-mask and stethograph in position for at least 30 minutes before any observations were made.The experiments were divided into two groups. In the first, records were made of the respiratory pattern while the oxygen consumption was determined during intravenous infusions of adrenaline and noradrenaline. Records of the forearm blood flow were made at the same time to correlate the respiratory changes with the cardiovascular responses to the infused drugs. In the second group of experiments the changes in alveolar C02% were recorded in addition to the respiratory movements.The rubber face-mask covered only the nose and was carefully fitted to avoid leaks. It was used in preference to a mouth-piece because it was more comfortable and interfered to a minimal extent with the resting pattern of respiration. Tracings of the rate and depth of respiration were obtained with a float-recorder connected to two stethographs, one around the chest and the other around the abdomen (Shepherd, 1951;Dornhorst and Leathart, 1952 Edholm, 1945). The intravenous infusions were maintained at a rate of 4 ml./ min. by means of a mechanically driven syringe.During a 10-minute control period 0.9% NaCl (with ascorbic acid 0.001%) was infused and blood flow records obtained at half-minute intervals; adrenaline (i-adrenaline tartrate, B.D.H.) or noradrenaline (" Levophed," Bayer) made up in this solution was then infused for 10 minutes at a rate of 10 ,"g. or 20 pg./min. The ascorbic acid saline solution was then resumed for 10 minutes.In the first group of experiments the expired air was collected in Douglas bags, one five-minute sample being taken before, two during, and one after the drug infusion. The volume of each of the samples was measured and the C0...

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Studies on Epinephrin. Ii

Abstract: This investigation was suggested by and started under the direction of Major Francis W. Peabody, M. C., U. S. Army, and completed under the direction of Capt. Bertnard Smith, M. C., U.

Cited by 23 publications

References 2 publications

The Effect on Respiration of Infusions of Adrenaline and Noradrenaline Into the Carotid and Vertebral Arteries in Man

The Effect on Respiration of Infusions of Adrenaline and Noradrenaline Into the Carotid and Vertebral Arteries in Man

Effects of adrenergic stimulation on ventilation in man

The Effect of Adrenaline and Noradrenaline Infusions on Respiration in Man

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