Studies on Energy Levels in Poultry Rations

Donaldson, W. E.; Combs, Gerald F.; Romoser, G. L.

doi:10.3382/ps.0370614

Cited by 67 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Donaldson et al (1958) and Bixler et al (1969) reported that decreased food utilisation and higher body fat content were associated also with reduced rates of weight gain. The G : P ratios used in the present trials were still reasonable enough (although rather wide, at times) to enable the broilers to consume the amounts of protein required for maximum growth, by increasing their total food consumption.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Subsequently, Donaldson et al (1956Donaldson et al ( , 1958, Randef al. (1957), Spring and Wilkinson (1957), Combs et al (1964), Davidson et al (19G4), Summers et al (1965), Yoshida et ah (1966Yoshida et ah ( , 1970, Thomas and Combs (1967), Yoshida and Morimoto (1970a, b), Thomas and Twining (1971), and Kubena et al (1972) investigated the specific effects of dietary protein, energy, and calorie to protein (C : P) ratio on the body composition of chicks.…”

Section: Please Scroll Down For Articlementioning

confidence: 98%

“…Donaldson et al, (1958) reported that increasing the amount of dietary fat increased carcass fat content while decreasing its protein content. On the other hand, Edwards and Hart (1971) did not observe any change in total carcass composition when all the nonprotein energy was derived from various oils and Fukazawa et al (1971) reported on fat accumulation in livers of rats fed on a diet deficient in essential fatty acids.…”

Section: Please Scroll Down For Articlementioning

confidence: 98%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effect of calorie to protein ratio on the degree of fatness in broilers fed on practical diets¹

Bartov

Bornstein

Lipstein

1974

British Poultry Science

124

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Please Scroll Down For Articlementioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Please Scroll Down For Articlementioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effect of calorie to protein ratio on the degree of fatness in broilers fed on practical diets¹

Bartov

Bornstein

Lipstein

1974

British Poultry Science

124

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…This requirement has not often been met in studies with turkey poults. Exceptions are the reports of Thayer, Tonkinson, Gleaves and Henley (1965) and Donaldson, Combs and Romoser (1958). In the former investigation Broad Breasted White males were fed six energy levels ranging from 2.2 to 4.4 kcal metabolisable energy (ME)/g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The results suggested that near-maximum early growth rate was obtained with a diet calculated to supply 3-08 kcal ME/g. On the other hand Donaldson et al (1958), using Maryland Whites of both sexes, obtained a growth response up to an energy level of almost 4-0 kcal ME/g. This paper reports an experiment designed to determine the concentration of nutrients required in the diet for maximum growth of male and female poults from o to 4 weeks of age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The effect of dietary nutrient concentration and calorie to protein ratio on growth and body composition of male and female turkey poults

Auckland¹,

Morris²

1971

British Poultry Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sixteen all-mash starter diets, with calculated energy levels of 2205, 2646, 3086 and 3527 kcal ME/kg and calorie to protein ratios of about 93, 104, 115 and 126, were fed ad libitum to male and female poults from o to 4 weeks of age. The effect of dietary treatment on growth and body composition was similar for males and females. Growth rate increased by as much as 30 per cent as dietary energy level was increased from 2205 to 3086 kcal ME/kg. This effect was due to changes in nutrient intake associated with almost no change in food intake. A small additional growth response was obtained when energy level was raised from 3086 to 3527 kcal ME/kg but this was mainly associated with an increase in body fat.Increasing the nutrient concentration and widening the calorie to protein ratio both caused an increase in the percentage of fat and a decrease in the percentage of protein in the body. Nitrogen retention improved as dietary energy level was increased but not beyond 3086 kcal ME/kg.

show abstract

Effects of animal fat and of low ratios of protein to metabolisable energy on the utilisation of dietary energy by medium‐ and fast‐growing strains of poultry

Davidson¹,

Mathieson²,

Williams³

et al. 1964

J Sci Food Agric

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In three expcrimcnts each involving 16 groups of 12 birds, diets having normal to low ratios of crude protein to metabolisable energy were fed, for the first 12 weeks of life:to cockerels of a Rhode Island Red x Light Sussex cross and a modern commercial fastgrowing hybrid. Dietary ratios of crude prstein to metabolisable energy were lowereu by adding either maize starch or animal fat to a diet which was based on cereals and was, by calculation, adequate in all known nutrients. The efficiency with which metabolisable energy was converted to tissue energy was assessed by a carcass analysis technique which alss allowed a study of the effect of diet on body composition.In both strains of bird, diets in which the ratios of crude protein to metabolisablc anergy had been lowered considerably below that corresponding to the 20% protein and 2.9 Mcal. metabolisable energy per kg. recommended by the (U.S.A.) National Research Council, gave rise to a greater metabolisable energy intake and greater loss of this energy, mainly as heat, per unit of live body weight. Deposition of body fat was also greater than in birds fed normal diets. The relative importance of heat loss to the environment and deposition of body fat, for disposal of excess energy ingested through overeating to compensate for inadequate concentrations of amino-acids in the diet, may be influenced by breed and the proportion of fat in the diet. XO significant differences were found amcng diets in the percentage utilisation of dietary metabolisablc energy for tissue energy production and it may be that the differences found between strains arise solely from differences in dietary energy intake. Whatever the diet, the modern fast-growing type of bird consumed more feed and therefore energy and made about 30% greater live-weight gain with about 40% greater tissue energy gain over 1 2 weeks than the Rhode Island Red x Light Sussex type. IntroductionProvided that sufficient protein, minerals and certain other nutrients required only in small amounts are present in the diet, the intake of feed by birds is governed primarily by the amount of energy available from it. The importance of providing energy in a suitable form and of feeding the correct balance of useful energy to other nutrients in the ration has long been recognised by animal nutritionists and has prompted much research into ways of expressing the value of feeding stuffs as sources of energy for livestock and into factors which

show abstract

Studies on Energy Levels in Poultry Rations

Cited by 67 publications

References 6 publications

Effect of calorie to protein ratio on the degree of fatness in broilers fed on practical diets¹

Effect of calorie to protein ratio on the degree of fatness in broilers fed on practical diets¹

The effect of dietary nutrient concentration and calorie to protein ratio on growth and body composition of male and female turkey poults

Effects of animal fat and of low ratios of protein to metabolisable energy on the utilisation of dietary energy by medium‐ and fast‐growing strains of poultry

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Studies on Energy Levels in Poultry Rations

Cited by 67 publications

References 6 publications

Effect of calorie to protein ratio on the degree of fatness in broilers fed on practical diets1

Effect of calorie to protein ratio on the degree of fatness in broilers fed on practical diets1

The effect of dietary nutrient concentration and calorie to protein ratio on growth and body composition of male and female turkey poults

Effects of animal fat and of low ratios of protein to metabolisable energy on the utilisation of dietary energy by medium‐ and fast‐growing strains of poultry

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Effect of calorie to protein ratio on the degree of fatness in broilers fed on practical diets¹

Effect of calorie to protein ratio on the degree of fatness in broilers fed on practical diets¹