Studies on effects of &lt;i&gt;Amaranthus spinosus&lt;/i&gt; leaf extract on the haematology of growing pigs

Olufemi, B. E.; Assiak, IE; Ayoadi, GO; Onigemo, M.A

doi:10.4314/ajbr.v6i3.54045

Cited by 14 publications

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“…According to Agati et al (2012) flavonoids can interfere in the mitotic process and therefore induce apoptosis depending on their nature and concentration. The ethanol extract of A. spinosus was reported to cause significant reduction in packed cell volume, RBC and Hb (Olufemi et al 2003). Saponins are subgroups of glycosides and are known to cause haemolysis of red blood cells (Lawrence et al 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reports pertaining the effect of plant extracts on erythrocyte apoptosis are in their infancy. For instance, an altered RBC profile was observed after treatment with A. spinosus extract (Olufemi et al 2003). Furthermore, Saponin the major anti-nutritional compound present in most of the Amaranthus species was reported to induce 100% hemolysis at concentrations of 10 and 15 lg/ml (Arias et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It cures blood diseases, leprosy, bronchitis, piles and leucorrhoea (Kirtikar and Basu 2001). The plant extract possesses severe effects in hematology (Olufemi et al 2003). It shows immunomodulatory (Tatiya et al 2007), anthelmintic (Assiak et al 2002), analgesic (Krishnamurthi et al 2010), antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic, spermatogenic (Girija and Lakshman 2011;Sangameswaran and Jayakar 2008), hepatoprotective (Zeashan et al 2008(Zeashan et al , 2009, anticancer (Cristine et al 2013), antioxidant (Odhavo et al 2007;Zeashan et al 2009) and chemoprotective activities .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytotoxic and apoptotic activities of extract of Amaranthus spinosus L. in Allium cepa and human erythrocytes

Prajitha

Thoppil

2016

Cytotechnology

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The present study examined the apoptosis inducing effects of Amaranthus spinosus L. aqueous extract in Allium cepa root meristematic cells and human erythrocytes. Cytogenetic assay revealed many apoptosis inducing cytogenetic aberrations viz., cytoplasmic breakage, cytoplasmic disintegration, cytoplasmic shrinkage, receding of cytoplasm, cytoplasmic vacuolation, enucleated cell, ghost cell, nuclear vacuolation, nuclear fragmentation and nuclear disintegration. A remarkable modification of red blood cell surface morphology was observed in the result of RBC assay. The treated RBCs show membrane blebbing and shrinkage, features typical for apoptosis in nucleated cells. Significant induction of cell death was observed in treated Allium root tip cells after Evans blue staining, disclosing the membrane damage potential of the plant extract. TTC assay results in reduced mitochondrial/ metabolic activity in Allium root tip cells after treatment, designating the adverse effect of plant extract on mitochondrial respiratory chain. These results confirm the apoptosis inducing potential of A. spinosus extract. Confirming the present results by further in vitro studies, it can be effectively targeted against cell proliferation during cancer treatment by inducing apoptosis. Thus from the present investigation it can be concluded that the aqueous extract of A. spinosus exhibited apoptosis induction and cytotoxic activities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytotoxic and apoptotic activities of extract of Amaranthus spinosus L. in Allium cepa and human erythrocytes

Prajitha

Thoppil

2016

Cytotechnology

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“…[5] Previous report of this plant showed that its extract was used as an antimalarial [6] , anti-diarrheic [7] , anti-diabetic, anti-hyperlipidemic and spermatogenic [8] , and anti-inflammatory activity [9] , stimulates proliferation of β-lymphocytes [10] and haematology. [11] Extract of this plant showed the presence of flavonoid. [12] The present study is focused to Pharmacognostical studies of A. spinosus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Pharmacognostical Evaluation of Amaranthus spinosus L

Sadasivam¹,

Natarajan²,

Arumugam³

et al. 2011

Pharmacognosy Journal

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A B S t R A c tIntroduction: In increasing demand in the field of herbal medicines and cosmetics, it has become necessary and pertinent to probe into the area of systematic knowledge about herbal drugs. There is a need for the application of this knowledge in authentification, detailed study and practical utilization of crude drugs. The present paper deals with the taxonomy, anatomy, powder study pertaining to organoleptic, microscopic, and physical constant evaluations of Amaranthus spinosus Linn (Amaranthaceae). It is a glabrous herb found in tropical and sub-tropical regions of India. The decoction of the leaves is diuretic and febrifuge. Leaves and stems are also used for treating eye diseases and diabetes. Methods: In the present study macroscopic, microscopic, ash values and extractive values were carried out to develop the diagnostic parameters for quality control of leaf and stem. The required samples of different organs were cut and removed from the plant and fixed in FAA (Formalin -5 ml + acetic acid -5ml + 70% Ethyl alcohol -90ml). After 24 hrs of fixing, the specimens were dehydrated with graded series of tertiary -butyl alcohol. The specimens were castled into paraffin blocks. Results: Powder showed epidermal cell, anamocytic stomata, calcium oxalate crystals and cross section of leaf and stem showed the bundle sheath cells, median bundle, phloem fibers, vessels, periderm, secondary xylem and pith. Phytochemically, the methanol and aqueous extracts of A. spinosus showed maximum phytochemicals like alkaloids, glycosides, steroids, flavonoids, saponin, tannin and phenolic compounds, terpenoids, carbohydrates, etc. The average extractive values of leaf and stem can also be used for determine the quality of raw material of A. spinosus. Conclusion: The results of this study should provide a standard for identification and preparation of monograph of this drug.

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“…A. spinosus is reported to possess antidepressant [13], anti-inflammatory [14], antimalarial [15], antiandrogenic [16], antihyperlipidemic, and spermatogenic activities [17]. Administration of A. spinosus extract restored the altered hematological parameters in pigs [18] and normalized biochemical changes in the epididymis of rats [19]. Amaranthine, isoamaranthine, hydroxycinnamates, rutin, quercetin, and kaempferol glycosides are some of the phytochemical constituents identified in A. spinosus .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Tetraenoic Fatty Acid Isolated from Amaranthus spinosus Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis of Human Liver Cancer Cells

Mondal¹,

Guria

Maity

et al. 2016

IJMS

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Amaranthus spinosus Linn. (Family: Amaranthaceae) has been shown to be useful in preventing and mitigating adverse pathophysiological conditions and complex diseases. However, only limited information is available on the anticancer potential of this plant. In this study, we examined the antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of a novel fatty acid isolated from A. spinosus—(14E,18E,22E,26E)-methyl nonacosa-14,18,22,26 tetraenoate—against HepG2 human liver cancer cells. We used 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay to determine cell viability, flow cytometry assay for cell cycle analysis, and Western blot analysis to measure protein expression of Cdc2), cyclin B1, Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2). The MTT assay showed that the fatty acid markedly inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells in a dosage-dependent fashion, with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 25.52 µmol/L. This antiproliferative result was superior to that of another known fatty acid, linoleic acid (IC50 38.65 µmol/L), but comparable to that of standard anticancer drug doxorubicin (IC50 24.68 µmol/L). The novel fatty acid also induced apoptosis mediated by downregulation of cyclin B1, upregulation of Bax, and downregulation of Bcl-2, resulting in the G2/M transition arrest. Our results provide the first experimental evidence that a novel fatty acid isolated from A. spinosus exhibits significant antiproliferative activity mediated through the induction of apoptosis in HepG2 cells. These encouraging results may facilitate the development of A. spinosus fatty acid for the prevention and intervention of hepatocellular carcinoma.

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Studies on effects of <i>Amaranthus spinosus</i> leaf extract on the haematology of growing pigs

Abstract: Ethanol extract of Amaranthus spinosus leaf (EEAL) was administered orally to growing pigs to determine its

Cited by 14 publications

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Cytotoxic and apoptotic activities of extract of Amaranthus spinosus L. in Allium cepa and human erythrocytes

Cytotoxic and apoptotic activities of extract of Amaranthus spinosus L. in Allium cepa and human erythrocytes

Pharmacognostical Evaluation of Amaranthus spinosus L

A Novel Tetraenoic Fatty Acid Isolated from Amaranthus spinosus Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis of Human Liver Cancer Cells

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