Studies on Cytomegalovirus Infection among HIV Positive Patients Attending Infectious Diseases Hospital, Kano State, Nigeria

Koki, Y A; Taura, DW; Mukhtar,; Adamu, S

doi:10.15580/gjeph.2014.1.042214195

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The prevalence of active or primary CMV infection in HIV infected children and adolescents on highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) in this study, was 10.6%. This was comparable to 13% among HIV infected adolescents and adults from Kano by Musa et al, (22), 9.5% among AIDS patients from India by Basawaraju et al, (23) and 11.4% among infected prison inmates by Neusa et al, (24) in Brazil. The rate in our study is however much lower than 58.3% reported among HIV-infected infants initiated on ART in Cameroun by Kfutwah et al, (26), 28% by Oladipo et al, (27) among blood donors in Nigeria, and 14% among HIV patients by Tsertsvadze et al, (28).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Our study showed non-statistically significant higher prevalence rate of CMV IgM in the male than female subjects, which is similar to the observations of Ojide et al, (31) and Fowotade et al, (35) among their HIVinfected adults cohort. Musa et al, (22) however had a contrary observation in Kano where they reported more female patients living with HIV having significantly higher CMV IgM than their male counterparts (8.7% vs 4.3%, p<0.01) although no reason for such finding was proffered. Udeze et al, (37) equally found significantly higher primary/ active CMV IgM among males than females HIV-infected children and adults on ART in their study cohort in Ilorin, and attributed such findings to more exposure of males to factors that lead to re-activation or re-infection of CMV in their locality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Going by the suggestion of Ojide et al, (31) and Udeze et al, (37), the good immunological response of patients in our study and their long duration on ART could possibly explain the non-significant association between prevalence of CMV IgM and CD4 cell count and VL. However, many other studies have shown prevalence of CMV IgM to be significantly associated with CD4 cell count (22,40,41). Although significant association was observed between CD4 cell count and prevalence of CMV IgM among HIV infected patients in the study by Musa et al, (22), the authors noted that there was no positive correlation between CD4 cell count and the prevalence of CMV IgM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…However, many other studies have shown prevalence of CMV IgM to be significantly associated with CD4 cell count (22,40,41). Although significant association was observed between CD4 cell count and prevalence of CMV IgM among HIV infected patients in the study by Musa et al, (22), the authors noted that there was no positive correlation between CD4 cell count and the prevalence of CMV IgM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Cytomegalovirus co-infection with HIV in children and adolescents on antiretroviral therapy in Abuja, Nigeria

Aa¹,

Yunusa²

2019

Af J Clin Exp Micro

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Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is known to accelerate HIV disease progression. It has the potential of being a killer disease or a silent lifetime companion in HIV patients. There is dearth of information on CMV prevalence among HIV infected children and adolescents in our environment. We therefore conducted this study to determine its sero-prevalence, and risk factors for co-infection among HIV infected children and adolescents on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in our center. Method: A descriptive cross sectional study of HIV-infected children and adolescents aged 2 months to 18 years on HAART was conducted over a 6 month period between October 2017 and March 2018 in our health facility. Blood samples of subjects were screened for CMV IgM using commercial test kits. Biodata of subjects, CD4 cell count, and viral load were collected into a designed proforma, and statistical analysis was done with SPSS version 22.0. Result: A total of 161 HIV-infected children and adolescents were recruited, 103 (64.0%) were males, 83 (51.6%) were between the ages of 5 and <10 years, 113 (70.2%) were from lower socioeconomic class, and 138 (85.7%) were on 1 st line HAART. Of the 17 (10.6%) subjects positive for CMV IgM, 3 (17.6%) were less than 5 years old, 11 (64.7%) were between the ages of 5-10 years, and none was older than 15 years. Univariate analysis showed significant differences in the mean age, weight, length/height, and systolic blood pressure between CMV IgM positive and negative patients (p<0.05), but no significant difference in gender, socioeconomic class, types of antiretroviral drugs, CD4 cell count, and viral load (p>0.05). Multivariate analysis however did not show any significant difference in age, weight, length/height, and systolic blood pressure. Conclusion: The prevalence of active CMV infections among HIV infected children and adolescents on HAART in our centre is high. Low CD4 cell count and high viral load were not associated with active CMV disease, and no risk factor for co-infection was also identified. Identifying those with primary/active infection will be necessary for possible treatment with anti-herpes drugs before development of reactivated CMV disease.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Cytomegalovirus co-infection with HIV in children and adolescents on antiretroviral therapy in Abuja, Nigeria

Aa¹,

Yunusa²

2019

Af J Clin Exp Micro

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“…Lower CMV IgM levels have earlier been reported among HIV patients in Benin (7.0%)23, pregnant women in Benue (3.5%)24 and outside the country among pregnant women in Kenya (8.1%)25. On the other hand, higher levels of 13.0% and 28.0% of CMV IgM antibodies have equally been reported by Musa et al26 and Oladipo et al27 among HIV patients in Kano and among blood donors in Ogbomoso, Oyo state respectively. Compared to significantly lower rates reported from more developed countries28,29,30, the observation of high active CMV infection in our study and indeed other parts of Nigeria could signify high level of re-activation or continued ongoing new infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Cytomegalovirus infection among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected individuals on highly active anti-retroviral therapy in North-Central Nigeria

2018

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BackgroundCytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is common among HIV-infected individuals. Its contribution to morbidity and mortality became more apparent following introduction of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) which improved survival among HIV-infected individuals.ObjectivesThis study aimed at determining the prevalence of both active and latent CMV infections among HIV-infected individuals on HAART in Ilorin, Nigeria.MethodsA total of 360 consented HIV-1 patients were recruited for the study. About 5ml of blood and socio-demographic data were collected from each patient. Plasma from the blood was tested for anti-CMV IgM and IgG presence using ELISA.ResultsOf the 360 participants tested, 42 (11.7%) and 265 (73.6%) were respectively anti-CMV IgM and IgG antibodies positive representing active and latent infection rates respectively. Gender and age were the correlates of IgM seropositivity while age, occupation and marital status correlated with IgG seropositivity. Occupation, marital status, use of HAART and CD4+ count were not statistically associated with IgM level while gender, use of HAART and CD4+ count did not correlate with IgG level.ConclusionsThis study has demonstrated high level of latent and active CMV infection among HAART recipients in Ilorin and highlighted the need for incorporation of anti-herpes drugs in the treatment regimen.

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Cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgM antibodies among HIV-infected patients at a teaching hospital in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Okonko Iheanyi Omezuruike,

Zidafamor Oyinmiyenbi Tunmise,

Enya Emmanuel

et al. 2023

World J. Adv. Res. Rev.

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Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is an important pathogen in HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) patients, as it could drive accelerated disease progression leading to increased morbidity and mortality in the population. This cross-sectional study analyzed plasma samples from 93 HIV positive participants in the Rivers State University Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria, to investigate the magnitude and associated factors of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. Plasma samples were screened serologically for the presence of specific CMV IgM antibodies using microwell ELISA kits. Demographic and behavioural risk factors were collected by the use of a structured questionnaire. Chi-square test was used to assess the statistical significance of different demographic and behavioural risk factors to CMV acquisition. Of the 93 subjects 3(3.2%) were seropositive for CMV IgM antibody. No statistical association existed between the prevalence of CMV IgM antibodies and the socio-demographic factors studied. Higher prevalence of CMV IgM antibody was found in age group 21-40 years (3.2%), female sex (3.9%), single marital status (6.0%), tertiary education (10.0%), students (6.7%) and Christians (3.7%). The observation from this study necessitates the need for serological evaluation in all HIV patients for CMV IgM antibodies for early diagnosis and preventive strategies.

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Studies on Cytomegalovirus Infection among HIV Positive Patients Attending Infectious Diseases Hospital, Kano State, Nigeria

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Cytomegalovirus co-infection with HIV in children and adolescents on antiretroviral therapy in Abuja, Nigeria

Cytomegalovirus co-infection with HIV in children and adolescents on antiretroviral therapy in Abuja, Nigeria

Cytomegalovirus infection among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected individuals on highly active anti-retroviral therapy in North-Central Nigeria

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgM antibodies among HIV-infected patients at a teaching hospital in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

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