Studies on cultured rat Schwann cells. I. Establishment of purified populations from cultures of peripheral nerve

Brockes, Jeremy P.; Fields, Kay L.; Raff, Martin

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(79)90048-9

Cited by 1,000 publications

(660 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

651

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Rat Schwann cells (SC), the myelin-form-ing cells of the peripheral nervous system, can now be cultured in isolation by using two different techniques [1][2][3]. In the first, rat dorsal root ganglia obtained just before birth are explanted and treated with antimitotic agents for a few days.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When mitoses cease, SC quickly recover their SC phenotype with rhythmic undulations while migration speed increased to 92±20 µ/h. Thus, in spite of dramatic modification of shape, structure and behavior during mitotic stimulation, SC subsequently recover their unique motility pattern which might be essential for their myelinating function.Rat Schwann cells (SC), the myelin-form-ing cells of the peripheral nervous system, can now be cultured in isolation by using two different techniques [1][2][3]. In the first, rat dorsal root ganglia obtained just before birth are explanted and treated with antimitotic agents for a few days.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This permitted observation of movements with an acceleration of 108 times their real speed. Faster playback was obtained by copying the original tape with a second recorder, increasing 9 times the playback speed (972 times final).Immunofluorescence and autoradiography [3,6,13] For immunofluorescence, living cells on glass cover-slips were stained with monoclonal anti-Thy 1.1 IgM kindly provided by Dr M. Raff or from New England Nuclear (see above). Acetone-fixed cells were stained with two different rabbit anti-P 0 , glycoprotein sera.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Structure and behavior of rat primary and secondary Schwann cells in vitro

Dubois‐Dalcq

Rentier

et al. 1981

Experimental Cell Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYThe structure and motility of isolated rat primary (I) Schwann cells (SC) have been compared to that of subcultured (II) SC during and after mitotic stimulation. I SC contain myelin components which persist for 2 weeks in serum-free medium while they rapidly disappear in medium containing serum and high glucose concentration. These components were never detected in II SC. Both I SC and II SC after their mitotic phase are spindle-shaped, contain many intermediate and actin filaments, have no basement membrane but show intense migratory and undulatory activities. Rare fibroblasts in I cultures are recognized by their extremely variable shape, the presence of Thy 1.1 antigen in their membrane and their intense edge ruffling alternating with abrupt translocation. In contrast, I SC movements consist of intracellular translocation of nuclei along SC processes, which retract and extend constantly, and in slow rhythmic undulation episodes (2.3±0.2/min) alternating with migration at 135±50 µ/h. The total number of these episodes per day in serum-free medium is rigorously identical for different cells (166.3±0.2) and this uniformity of frequency suggests a genotypic basis. Cycles, consisting of an undulation episode followed by a resting interval, have mean durations of 8.6±4.1 min and a sharp peak of occurrence at 6 min, with exponential distribution of the longer periods. Motility of II SC is considerably inhibited during mitotic stimulation by cholera toxin and a pituitary extract while SC phenotype has changed to a flat multipolar cell with prominent Golgi and ribosomes. Migration is reduced to 24±2 µ/h and only 2 % of the SC show pulsations of the same periodicity as the I SC undulations. A dramatic increase in pulsation frequency occurs 6-12 h after removal of mitogenic factors when 80% of II SC start pulsating twice as fast for 2-3 days. When mitoses cease, SC quickly recover their SC phenotype with rhythmic undulations while migration speed increased to 92±20 µ/h. Thus, in spite of dramatic modification of shape, structure and behavior during mitotic stimulation, SC subsequently recover their unique motility pattern which might be essential for their myelinating function.Rat Schwann cells (SC), the myelin-form-ing cells of the peripheral nervous system, can now be cultured in isolation by using two different techniques [1][2][3]. In the first, rat dorsal root ganglia obtained just before birth are explanted and treated with antimitotic agents for a few days. After 10 days, the ganglia are excised and a "Schwann cell bed" is developed after the neurites are eliminated [1,2]. In the second technique, dissociation of newborn rat sciatic nerve results in a mixed population of SC and fibroblasts, which after 2 days of culturing are identified by their respective surface antigenic markers Ran 1 and Thy 1.1 [3,4]. In these cultures, fibroblast growth is first inhibited by AraC treatment and subsequently, by complement-mediated killing of Thy 1.1 positive cells [3]. SC growth can then be intensely stimulated by pi...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Structure and behavior of rat primary and secondary Schwann cells in vitro

Dubois‐Dalcq

Rentier

et al. 1981

Experimental Cell Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Rat Schwann cells (RSCs) were harvested from sciatic nerves of P0‐P2 rat pups 27. and were infected with a lentiviral vector expressing red fluorescent protein (RFP) mCherry.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell transplantation strategies for acquired and inherited disorders of peripheral myelin

Muhammad

Kim

Epifantseva

et al. 2018

Ann Clin Transl Neurol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectiveTo investigate transplantation of rat Schwann cells or human iPSC‐derived neural crest cells and derivatives into models of acquired and inherited peripheral myelin damage.MethodsPrimary cultured rat Schwann cells labeled with a fluorescent protein for monitoring at various times after transplantation. Human‐induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were differentiated into neural crest stem cells, and subsequently toward a Schwann cell lineage via two different protocols. Cell types were characterized using flow cytometry, immunocytochemistry, and transcriptomics. Rat Schwann cells and human iPSC derivatives were transplanted into (1) nude rats pretreated with lysolecithin to induce demyelination or (2) a transgenic rat model of dysmyelination due to PMP22 overexpression.ResultsRat Schwann cells transplanted into sciatic nerves with either toxic demyelination or genetic dysmyelination engrafted successfully, and migrated longitudinally for relatively long distances, with more limited axial migration. Transplanted Schwann cells engaged existing axons and displaced dysfunctional Schwann cells to form normal‐appearing myelin. Human iPSC‐derived neural crest stem cells and their derivatives shared similar engraftment and migration characteristics to rat Schwann cells after transplantation, but did not further differentiate into Schwann cells or form myelin.InterpretationThese results indicate that cultured Schwann cells surgically delivered to peripheral nerve can engraft and form myelin in either acquired or inherited myelin injury, as proof of concept for pursuing cell therapy for diseases of peripheral nerve. However, lack of reliable technology for generating human iPSC‐derived Schwann cells for transplantation therapy remains a barrier in the field.

show abstract

“…Rat DRG neurons,27 motor neurons,28 and Schwann cells29 were isolated and cultured as previously described with modifications. Briefly, DRG neurons were dissociated from E16 embryos and cells were cultured in neurobasal medium (Gibco BRL, NY) supplemented with B27 (Gibco BRL), Glutamax (Gibco BRL), and nerve growth factor (NGF) (Invitrogen, CA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibodies against cell adhesion molecules and neural structures in paraneoplastic neuropathies

Siles

Martínez‐Hernández

Araque

et al. 2018

Ann Clin Transl Neurol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectiveParaneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNS) are rare neurological disorders in which ectopic expression of neural antigens by a tumor results in an autoimmune attack against the nervous system. Onconeural antibodies not only guide PNS diagnosis but may also help detecting underlying malignancies. Our project aims to uncover new potential antibodies in paraneoplastic neuropathies (PN).MethodsThirty‐four patients fulfilling diagnostic criteria of possible (n = 9; 26.5%) and definite (n = 25; 73.5%) PN without onconeural antibodies and 28 healthy controls were included in our study. Sera were tested for known antibodies against neural cell adhesion molecules and screened for novel IgG and IgM reactivities against nerve components: dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons, motor neurons, and Schwann cells. Patients showing autoantibodies against any of these cell types were used for immunoprecipitation (IP) studies.ResultsOverall, 9 (26.5%) patients showed significant reactivity against DRG neurons, motor neurons, or Schwann cells, whereas 5 (17.9%) healthy controls only showed moderate reactivity. Compared with control sera, serum samples from patients with paraneoplastic sensory‐motor neuropathies had a higher frequency of IgM antibodies against Schwann cells (0% vs. 40%; P = 0.0028). No novel antigens were identified from our IP experiments. Antibodies against the neural adhesion molecules CNTN1, NF155, NF140, NF186, NCAM1, L1CAM, and the CNTN1/CASPR1 complex were not detected in patients with PN. One (2.9%) patient with CIDP and thymoma had CASPR2 antibodies.InterpretationAlmost 30% of patients with PN harbor antibodies targeting neural structures, suggesting that novel neoplasm‐associated antigens remain to be discovered.

show abstract

Studies on cultured rat Schwann cells. I. Establishment of purified populations from cultures of peripheral nerve

Cited by 1,000 publications

References 19 publications

Structure and behavior of rat primary and secondary Schwann cells in vitro

Structure and behavior of rat primary and secondary Schwann cells in vitro

Cell transplantation strategies for acquired and inherited disorders of peripheral myelin

Antibodies against cell adhesion molecules and neural structures in paraneoplastic neuropathies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About