Studies on conjugation of Spirogyra using monoclonal culture

Ikegaya, Hisato; Nakase, Takuto; Iwata, Kazuyoshi; Tsuchida, Hideaki; Sato, Seiji; Shimmen, Teruo

doi:10.1007/s10265-011-0457-3

Cited by 21 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In addition, many species produce large amounts of mucilage with water holding capacities. The ultimate adaptation strategy to a terrestrial lifestyle is the sexual reproduction of Zygnematophyceae, which completely lacks flagellate stages and in the conjugation tube only gliding motility is necessary ( Ikegaya et al, 2012 ).…”

Section: Strategies In An Evolutionary Point Of Viewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abiotic Stress Tolerance of Charophyte Green Algae: New Challenges for Omics Techniques

2016

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Charophyte green algae are a paraphyletic group of freshwater and terrestrial green algae, comprising the classes of Chlorokybophyceae, Coleochaetophyceae, Klebsormidiophyceae, Zygnematophyceae, Mesostigmatophyceae, and Charo- phyceae. Zygnematophyceae (Conjugating green algae) are considered to be closest algal relatives to land plants (Embryophyta). Therefore, they are ideal model organisms for studying stress tolerance mechanisms connected with transition to land, one of the most important events in plant evolution and the Earth’s history. In Zygnematophyceae, but also in Coleochaetophyceae, Chlorokybophyceae, and Klebsormidiophyceae terrestrial members are found which are frequently exposed to naturally occurring abiotic stress scenarios like desiccation, freezing and high photosynthetic active (PAR) as well as ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Here, we summarize current knowledge about various stress tolerance mechanisms including insight provided by pioneer transcriptomic and proteomic studies. While formation of dormant spores is a typical strategy of freshwater classes, true terrestrial groups are stress tolerant in vegetative state. Aggregation of cells, flexible cell walls, mucilage production and accumulation of osmotically active compounds are the most common desiccation tolerance strategies. In addition, high photophysiological plasticity and accumulation of UV-screening compounds are important protective mechanisms in conditions with high irradiation. Now a shift from classical chemical analysis to next-generation genome sequencing, gene reconstruction and annotation, genome-scale molecular analysis using omics technologies followed by computer-assisted analysis will give new insights in a systems biology approach. For example, changes in transcriptome and role of phytohormone signaling in Klebsormidium during desiccation were recently described. Application of these modern approaches will deeply enhance our understanding of stress reactions in an unbiased non-targeted view in an evolutionary context.

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Section: Strategies In An Evolutionary Point Of Viewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abiotic Stress Tolerance of Charophyte Green Algae: New Challenges for Omics Techniques

2016

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“…Several protocols exist for inducing conjugation (Ikegaya et al, 2012;Simons et al, 1984;Stabenau and Stafel, 1989;Starr, 1955). These filaments can be collected by hand and, in some cases, determined in the field with the aid of a hand lens.…”

Section: Collection and Preparation For Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conjugating Green Algae Including Desmids

Hall

McCourt

2015

Freshwater Algae of North America

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“…For induction to produce conjugation tubes, cells were rinsed in artificial pond water (0.1 mM KCl, 0.1 mM NaCl, and 0.1 mM CaCl 2 ) and placed on a 1% (w/v) agar plate (prepared in artificial pond water). The agar plates were incubated for 2 to 3 d (Ikegaya et al, 2012). About 15% to 35% (varies among experiments) of the cells produced conjugation tubes.…”

Section: Algal Cultures and Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oleosin of Subcellular Lipid Droplets Evolved in Green Algae

Huang

Chen

et al. 2013

Plant Physiology

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In primitive and higher plants, intracellular storage lipid droplets (LDs) of triacylglycerols are stabilized with a surface layer of phospholipids and oleosin. In chlorophytes (green algae), a protein termed major lipid-droplet protein (MLDP) rather than oleosin on LDs was recently reported. We explored whether MLDP was present directly on algal LDs and whether algae had oleosin genes and oleosins. Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that MLDP in the chlorophyte Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was associated with endoplasmic reticulum subdomains adjacent to but not directly on LDs. In C. reinhardtii, low levels of a transcript encoding an oleosin-like protein (oleolike) in zygotes-tetrads and a transcript encoding oleosin in vegetative cells transferred to an acetate-enriched medium were found in transcriptomes and by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The C. reinhardtii LD fraction contained minimal proteins with no detectable oleolike or oleosin. Several charophytes (advanced green algae) possessed low levels of transcripts encoding oleosin but not oleolike. In the charophyte Spirogyra grevilleana, levels of oleosin transcripts increased greatly in cells undergoing conjugation for zygote formation, and the LD fraction from these cells contained minimal proteins, two of which were oleosins identified via proteomics. Because the minimal oleolike and oleosins in algae were difficult to detect, we tested their subcellular locations in Physcomitrella patens transformed with the respective algal genes tagged with a Green Fluorescent Protein gene and localized the algal proteins on P. patens LDs. Overall, oleosin genes having weak and cell/development-specific expression were present in green algae. We present a hypothesis for the evolution of oleosins from algae to plants.Eukaryotes and prokaryotes contain neutral lipids in subcellular lipid droplets (LDs) in diverse cell types for food reserves and other purposes (Hsieh and Huang, 2004; Bickel et al., 2009;Murphy, 2012). These LDs are present in seeds, flowers, pollen, and fruits of higher plants; the vegetative and reproductive organs of primitive plants, algae, fungi, and nematodes; mammalian organs/tissues such as mammalian glands and adipose tissues; and bacteria. Of all the LDs, those in seeds, usually called oil bodies, are the most prominent and were studied extensively early on (Huang, 1992;Frandsen et al., 2001).Seeds of most plant species store oils (triacylglycerols [TAGs]) as a food reserve for germination and postgerminative growth. The TAGs are present in subcellular spherical LDs of approximately 0.5 to 2 mm in diameter (Frandsen et al

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Studies on conjugation of Spirogyra using monoclonal culture

Cited by 21 publications

References 24 publications

Abiotic Stress Tolerance of Charophyte Green Algae: New Challenges for Omics Techniques

Abiotic Stress Tolerance of Charophyte Green Algae: New Challenges for Omics Techniques

Conjugating Green Algae Including Desmids

Oleosin of Subcellular Lipid Droplets Evolved in Green Algae

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