Studies on cashew (anacadium) nut shell liquid and resorcinol modified peanut skin tannin extract for wood adhesives

Wankasi, Donbebe; Akaranta, Onyewuchi

doi:10.1108/03699420210428514

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Resorcinol, CNSL, and tannin were mixed in equal molar proportion (1:4:5 by weight). The phenolic composition was then mixed with a little excess of 37% formaldehyde (3.3 mol) at 28 ± 2 °C following the method proposed elsewhere 25 with some modifications to prepare base-catalyzed phenol-formaldehyde resin. The proposed resol type of resin preparation was based on the complete chemical reaction of phenolic component available from the resorcinol−CNSL−plant tannin mixture with a little excess of formaldehyde to produce base catalyzed condensation end-product.…”

Section: ■ Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Biobased Surface Treatment to Improve Strength and Durability ofBombax ceiba

Saha

Chowdhury

Manna³

et al. 2015

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Bombax ceiba, commonly known as silk-cotton, can be used as an inexpensive substitute for existing conventional hard-and softwoods as it is abundantly available and can be harvested from fast-growing plant species. However, its softness and high biodegradable nature restrict its use in such constructions where strength and durability are important. This study presents a treatment process with plant based chemicals to enhance the strength, hydrophobicity, and biodegradation resistance of the silk-cotton wood for its extensive use in long lasting engineering constructions. Soft lumbers of silk-cotton wood were modified with phenolic resin and neem oil. Chemical changes of the modified wood were investigated by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and 13 C solid state NMR spectroscopy. Experimental results reveal that the hydroxyl groups of the wood surface were transesterified with the fatty acyl chains of the neem oil. Flexural strength and water repellence of chemically treated wood samples were found to enhance up to 50% and 75%, respectively. A soil burial test up to 90 days was also performed for evaluating the long-term strength retention of both untreated and treated samples. After exposure to soil burial the long-term flexural strength for the treated silk-cotton wood was found to retain up to 88% of its initial strength. The corresponding value for untreated sample was 32%. Leachate generated from the treated wood sample was investigated for toxicity by dipping the lumbers into different pH solutions and a high saline environment. Leachate study showed that the concentration of toxic chemicals in the leachate was within permissible limits.

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Section: ■ Experimental Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%