Studies on bulk polymerization of methyl methacrylate. I. Thermal polymerization

Clouet, G.; Chaumont, Philippe; Corpart, Pascale

doi:10.1002/pola.1993.080311119

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Corpart and Clouet [1,3] already obtained the same results for polymerizations without additives, but to a lesser extent; the difference is probably due to a different process of purification of the monomer. On the other hand they did not use any chain transfer agent.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 59%

Thermal Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate at High Temperature

Fenouillot¹,

Terrisse²,

Rimlinger³

1998

International Polymer Processing

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Kinetic studies of the bulk polymerization of methyl methacrylate at high temperature have been carried out first without any additives and then in the presence of 1-Butanethiol as a chain transfer agent. A pressurised dilatometric reactor operating at high temperature is used to determine the time-conversion curves at temperatures between 150 and 180°C. A two-stage polymerization is observed. The high polymerization rate obtained initially is attributed to traces of an initiating impurity, while the second, slower polymerization stage could be considered as the actual thermal polymerization. The chain transfer agent or an impurity it may contain also initiates the reaction. Therefore, the rates of both the initial polymerization and of the second stage are increased when the thiol is added.Experimental data on the degree of conversion versus time and on the final average molecular weight are used to determine the chain transfer constants to the monomer and to the mercaptan as well as the initiation rate constants. These constants are used to model the thermal polymerization of MMA at high temperatures where these initiation reactions can no longer be neglected, especially when an industrial polymerization process has to be optimized and controlled.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 59%

Thermal Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate at High Temperature

Fenouillot¹,

Terrisse²,

Rimlinger³

1998

International Polymer Processing

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“…Therefore, the samples produced with JEWB50 could be considered to be a mixture of branched and linear polymers with more linear than branched molecules. In addition, it has been shown that, regardless of the care taken to purify the monomer or the technique employed, the presence of an impurity associated with MMA acts as a free‐radical initiator 41. Impurities and the possibility of the thermal polymerization of MMA would further contribute to the number of linear chains.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free‐radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate with a tetrafunctional peroxide initiator

Scorah

Dhib

Penlidis

2004

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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This study examined the use of a new tetrafunctional peroxide initiator in the bulk free‐radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate. The objective was to investigate the effect of using a multifunctional initiator through an examination of the rates of polymerization and the polymer properties. The molecular weights and radii of gyration were obtained with a size exclusion chromatograph equipped with an online multi‐angle laser light scattering detector. The performance of the tetrafunctional initiator was compared to that of a monofunctional counterpart [tert‐butylperoxy 2‐ethylhexyl carbonate (TBEC)]. The results showed that the new tetrafunctional peroxide initiator produced a faster rate of polymerization than TBEC at an equivalent concentration but also generated a polymer of a lower molecular weight. This trend was the opposite of what was observed in a previous study with styrene. When TBEC was used at a concentration four times that of the new tetrafunctional peroxide initiator, both produced equal rates of polymerization and similar molecular weights. The degree of branching was also investigated with radius‐of‐gyration plots. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 5647–5661, 2004

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“…It has been reported by several authors that MMA homopolymerizes at elevated temperatures to a significant extent without addition of a chemical initiator. The initiation mechanism of thermal polymerization of MMA has been a subject of long controversy and remains unsolved 48, 66–74. It is widely believed that the initiation is due to the formation and decomposition of peroxide‐containing species, which are formed from dissolved oxygen molecules 48, 67, 69, 70, 73.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaplastic large cell lymphoma treated with a leukemia‐like therapy

Rosolen

Pillon

Garaventa

et al. 2005

Cancer

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Citropin 1.1, maculatin 1.1, and caerin 1.1 are short antibacterial cationic peptides from the skin glands of the Australian tree frog Litoria species. Several analogues have been synthesized to give a better insight into the relationship between the structure of the peptides and their antibacterial and haemolytic activity. Binding studies using a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor together with a vesicle‐capture sensor chip have been used to investigate selectivity of the peptides and their analogues for 1,2‐dimyristoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphoglycerol (DMPG) and 1,2‐dimyristoyl‐sn‐glycero‐3‐phosphocholine (DMPC) vesicles, as well as for vesicles made from lipid extracts from Escherichia coli and bovine brain. Data obtained for membrane selectivity using natural lipid extracts show better correlation with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values against Gram‐positive bacteria and haemolytic activity than that obtained using synthetic DMPG and DMPC. Electron microscopy and membrane leakage studies using Gram‐positive bacteria gave further insight into the membrane disruption properties of the peptides. For maculatin 1.1, it was found that the central proline residue, which is responsible for a bend in the α‐helical structure, is essential not only for the antibacterial activity but also for binding, and perturbation of membranes. The caerin analogues showed only small variations in their MIC values and membrane binding. In contrast, for citropin 1.1, the analogue replacing the aspartate with a lysine showed the lowest MIC against Gram‐positive bacteria and best membrane binding to E. coli lipid extracts, coinciding with an increased hydrophobic moment of the peptide. These data give further insight into these antimicrobial natural products, toward the development and evaluation of these and other analogues as potential antibiotics. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 96:147–157, 2011.

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Studies on bulk polymerization of methyl methacrylate. I. Thermal polymerization

Cited by 23 publications

References 10 publications

Thermal Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate at High Temperature

Thermal Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate at High Temperature

Free‐radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate with a tetrafunctional peroxide initiator

Anaplastic large cell lymphoma treated with a leukemia‐like therapy

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