Studies on a 3β3-hydroxysteroid sulphotransferase from rat liver

Ryan, Ray; Carroll, James E.

doi:10.1016/0005-2744(76)90287-4

Cited by 32 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The developmental pattern of 3f3-hydroxy-5cholenoate sulfotransferase activity was similar to hepatic phenol and hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase activities in the rat (30)(31)(32). The sex-related differences in activities in mature rats were more pronounced for 3f3-hydroxy-5-cholenoate than glycolithocholate in this study, because of the differences in relative activities of BSS I and II.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Hepatic Bile Salt Sulfotransferases in the Rat

Kane,

Chen

1991

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryBile salt sulfotransferase (BSS) activity for the fetal bile acid, 3β‐hydroxy‐5‐cholenoate, was first detected in the fetus at 18–19 days of gestation and was twofold greater than for glycolithocholate. The near‐term (20–21 days of gestation) and newborn pup BSS activity was only 5–10% of that in maternal liver. The 3β‐hy‐droxy‐5‐cholenoate sulfotransferase activity rose by the second day of life to levels observed in the mature male, and to activities greater than the mature female by the time of weaning at 3 weeks of age. Sex differences in 3β‐hydroxy‐5‐cholenoate sulfotransferase activity developed during adolescence (28–35 days of age), resulting in fivefold greater activity in the mature female compared with the male. Two isoenzyme activities (BSS I and BSS II) were identified in both sexes during development by DEAE‐Sephadex A‐50 ion‐exchange chromatography of liver cytosol. In the fetal and newborn liver, only one isoenzyme activity was distinctly identified for both monohydroxy bile acids, corresponding to BSS I in older rats. After the first week of life, both BSS I and BSS II exhibited activity like glycolithocholate, but only one peak of activity was identified for 3β‐hydroxy‐5‐cholenoate, corresponding to BSS I. The 3β‐hydroxy‐5‐cholenoate sulfotransferase activity in the mature male was only 20% of the mature female because of a decline in BSS I activity in the male during adolescence. BSS I and II were further purified by taurocholate‐Sepharose 4B chromatography. BSS I had a low affinity toward taurocholate passing through the column, whereas BSS II was absorbed and could be eluted from the column with 0.2 M NaCl. BSS I had four times the activity for 3β‐hydroxy‐5‐cholenoate vs. glycolithocholate, whereas the relative activity of BSS II for 3β‐hydroxy‐5‐cholenoate was only 6% of that for glycolithocholate. BSS I was completely inhibited by 0.1 m M 3‐ketolithocholate, whereas BSS II activity was inhibited only 13%. BSS I activity was enhanced by Co2+ and Zn2+, whereas BSS II activity was inhibited by these divalent ions. We concluded that the monohydroxy bile acids were sulfated by two distinct isoenzymes that could be separated by taurocholate‐Sepharose 4B chromatography. 3β‐Hydroxy‐5‐choleno‐ate was sulfated by BSS I, an isoenzyme regulated by gonadal hormones, which appeared to explain the marked sex differences in 3β‐hydroxy‐5‐cholenoate sulfotransferase activities in mature rats.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Hepatic Bile Salt Sulfotransferases in the Rat

Kane,

Chen

1991

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The enzyme hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase (HST) mediates the conversion of DHEA to DHEA-S and it is dependent upon sulfation and glutathione and is inhibited by inflammation Carrol 1976, Kim et al 2004). In addition, neurotoxicant exposures were revealed to significantly reduce HST function and in-crease androgen and testosterone levels (Ryan and Carrol 1976, Freeman et al 1977, Veltman et al 1986, Barregard et al 1994. The end result is that a cyclical pattern of continuous interaction between the androgen and transsulfuration pathways can be set into motion following neurotoxicant exposures that may increase susceptibility to neurotoxicity, particularly among developing males (Geier and Geier 2005).…”

Section: Why Males Might Be More Vulnerablementioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental neurotoxicants and the vulnerable male brain: a systematic review of suspected neurotoxicants that disproportionally affect males

Kern¹,

Homme

King³

et al. 2017

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The prevalence of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDs), including autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, tic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and emotional disturbances, has increased notably in the past few decades.To date, debate continues as to the origins of NDs. Increases in widespread exposure to and bioaccumulation of chemical neurotoxicants have paralleled the upsurge in NDs, and are suggested to be causal agents for NDs. One consistent aspect of NDs is the male preponderance. This review considers the issue of male preponderance by reviewing the gender-specific neurotoxic effects of recognized neurotoxicant chemicals to assess their possible etiology in NDs. This investigation consisted of a systematic literature review of original studies published from 1970-2016 on suspected neurotoxicants, to examine whether they have a disproportionate adverse effect based on gender. Based on that review, the neurotoxicants exhibiting consistent gender-specific effects, with exposed males being more affected (than similarly exposed females), were: lead, Thimerosal/ethylmercury, some organochlorine pesticides (e.g., dieldrin, endosulfan, and heptachlor), and air pollution. The next group identified were neurotoxicants exhibiting gender-specific neurotoxic effects, with males being somewhat (but not consistently) more affected than females: mercury vapor, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and organophosphate pesticides. Finally, there was a group of studies in which the neurotoxicants exhibited apparent gender-related neurotoxic effects but failed to show whether exposed males were consistently more affected than females: inorganic mercury salts, methylmercury species, and certain endocrine disruptors (e.g., phthalates and BPA). The overall conclusion from the studies reviewed was that the brain in males is more vulnerable to many toxic exposures than it is in females. Evidence suggests that the reasons for the male brain being more vulnerable include:(1) greater glutathione availability in females; (2) greater sulfate-based detoxification capacity in females; (3) potentiating effects of co-exposure to neurotoxicants and testosterone; (4) greater neuroinflammatory response in males; (5) reduced vulnerability to oxidative stress in females; and (6) neuroprotective effects of female hormones (estrogen and progesterone), especially in the reduction of inflammation and oxidative stress.

show abstract

“…It is at the DHEA location in the androgen synthesis pathway that, DHEA can either be converted further down the androgen pathway towards testosterone by being converted to androstenedione or androstenediol, or towards the normally favored storage molecule of DHEA-sulfate (DHEA-S). In examining the conversion step of DHEA to DHEA-S by the enzyme, hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase, this enzyme requires glutathione as a co-factor [9]. Since, some children with ASDs have significant decreases in their total glutathione levels and active reduced glutathione, and a significant increase in their inactive oxidized glutathione, there may be a marked shift toward DHEA, and subsequent metabolites in the androgen synthesis pathway.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Clinical and Laboratory Evaluation of Methionine Cycle-Transsulfuration and Androgen Pathway Markers in Children with Autistic Disorders

Geier¹,

Geier²

2006

Horm Res Paediatr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background/Aims: The prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) is 1 in 300 children in the US. ASDs are characterized by impairments in social relatedness and communication, repetitive behaviors, abnormal movement patterns, and sensory dysfunction. Pre-pubertal age children with ASDs were assessed for metabolites in the methionine cycle-transsulfuration and androgen pathways, and for present physical development/behaviors indicative of hyperandrogenicity. Methods: The Institutional Review Board of the Institute for Chronic Illnesses (Office for Human Research Protections, US Department of Health and Human Services IRB number: IRB00005375) approved the present study. Sixteen consecutive pre-pubertal age children (≤11 years old; mean ± SD: 5.9 ± 2.1 years old) with previously diagnosed ASDs that presented to the Genetic Centers of America for outpatient care were evaluated. Results: Significantly (p < 0.01) increased levels of serum/plasma dehydroepiandrosterone and serum total testosterone relative to the age- and sex-specific normal laboratory reference ranges were observed. Conversely, serum follicle-stimulating hormone levels were significantly (p < 0.01) decreased. Plasma-reduced glutathione (p < 0.01), plasma cysteine (p < 0.01), plasma methionine (p < 0.01), serum cystathionine (p < 0.05), and serum homocysteine (p < 0.01) were all significantly decreased. Conclusion: The results suggest a possible cyclical interaction between the methionine cycle-transsulfuration and androgen pathways in some children with ASDs.

show abstract

Studies on a 3β3-hydroxysteroid sulphotransferase from rat liver

Cited by 32 publications

References 20 publications

Hepatic Bile Salt Sulfotransferases in the Rat

Hepatic Bile Salt Sulfotransferases in the Rat

Developmental neurotoxicants and the vulnerable male brain: a systematic review of suspected neurotoxicants that disproportionally affect males

A Clinical and Laboratory Evaluation of Methionine Cycle-Transsulfuration and Androgen Pathway Markers in Children with Autistic Disorders

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About