Studies of the solubility of constituents of chrysotile asbestos in vivo using radioactive tracer techniques

Morgan, A.; Holmes, Andrew; Gold, C.

doi:10.1016/0013-9351(71)90016-8

Cited by 56 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…However, they took no account of changes in dust level; those who had survived for a period after leaving the factory were, on average, probably first exposed about 15 years earlier than those who died while still employed, and 70% of the men in the study had been employed before 1932. There is evidence that trace metals are leached from chrysotile asbestos in vivo (Morgan et al, 1971;Morgan et al, 1973). This leaching, and other changes within the lungs, may reduce the hazard of the remaining material.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asbestosis: a study of dose-response relationships in an asbestos textile factory

Berry

Gilson

Holmes

et al. 1979

Occupational and Environmental Medicine

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A group of 379 men who had worked at an asbestos textile factory for at least 10 years has been followed up. The prevalence of crepitations, 'possible asbestosis', certified asbestosis, small opacities in the chest radiograph and values of lung function have been related to dust levels. The type of asbestos processed was predominantly chrysotile although a substantial amount of crocidolite had also been used in the past. There was a higher prevalence of crepitations than had been observed previously at the same factory. The presence of crepitations is not a specific effect of asbestos exposure and 'possible asbestosis', a combined judgement of two physicians on whether a man had developed signs which might be attributable to early asbestosis, was preferred. Fifty per cent ofmen with a diagnosis of possible asbestosis were certified as suffering from asbestosis by the Pneumoconiosis Medical Panel within 3-5 yr. The most reliable data relate to men first employed after 1950; 6 6"/o of men in this group had possible asbestosis after an average length of follow-up of 16 yr and an average exposure to 5 fibre/cm3 where the dust levels were determined by static area samplers. The forced expiratory volume and forced vital capacity declined significantly with exposure, after allowing for age and height, but there was no decline in the total lung capacity. The transfer factor also declined with exposure, but not to a statistically significant extent. The non-smokers and light smokers as a group had less crepitations, asbestosis and small opacities on the chest radiograph than heavier smokers with similar exposure. Combining dust concentrations to form the cumulative dose may not be completely satisfactory, and a family of measures was investigated which allows for elimination of dust from the lungs and includes the cumulative dose as a special case. Because the rate of elimination of dust from the lungs is unknown, and cannot be estimated from the data, this approach leads to a wide range of possible interpretations of the data; for example the concentration such that possible asbestosis occurs in no more than 1 % of men after 40 years' exposure could be as high as 1 1 fibres/cm3 or may have to be as low as 0-3 fibres/cm3. This range is wide because the data relate to higher dust levels, and a shorter period of follow-up. Until data are available on groups exposed to lower levels it will not be possible to assess the effects of the current standard with any certainty. However, the results of this study show that it is important to continue to reduce dust levels to values as low as possible.In 1968 the British Occupational Hygiene Society centration x period of exposure to that concentra-(BOHS) published hygiene standards for chrysotile tion over the whole period of exposure. With an asbestos dust (British Occupational Hygiene Society, accumulated exposure of 100 fibre/years/cm3 it was 1968). One of thc features was that risk was related concluded that it was probable that the risk of conto accumulated exposure, t...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asbestosis: a study of dose-response relationships in an asbestos textile factory

Berry

Gilson

Holmes

et al. 1979

Occupational and Environmental Medicine

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“…Of them 14,759 persons have been employed continuously or for a longer time "asbestos-endangered". For this task enough methods are now available (see [623][624][625][626][627][628][629][630][631][632]). In view of the diagnosis, pathology, and epidemiology of diseases linked with asbestos, first of all a detection in affected organs or tissues is desirable.…”

Section: Paths Of Asbestiform Fibres Into the Human Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropogenic Compounds

Addison¹,

McKague²,

Larsson³

et al. 1986

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“…Studies using electron microscopy showed some magnesium loss from the chrysotile structure, detectable only for relatively thin fibers (6,7). By using radiolabeling, chrysotile has been shown to degrade in vivo (8). Electron microscopy studies have also shown what appears to be fibril disaggregation from the fiber bundle, as well as some thinning of the fibril wall, within the phagolysosome (9,10).…”

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confidence: 99%

Chrysotile biopersistence in the lungs of persons in the general population and exposed workers.

Langer

Nolan

1994

Environ Health Perspect

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Lung burden analysis was performed on 126 autopsy cases of persons who died in New York City from 1966 through 1968. Of the 126 cases, 107 were probably non-occupationally exposed, judging by occupational history and asbestos body content of lung. Fifty-three of the 107 cases contained short chrysotile fibers/fibrils, <5 pm in length, present in 3-fold greater amounts than were found in laboratory background controls. The fiber concentrations ranged from 1.8 to 15.7 x 106 f/gm/dry lung tissue, and the proportion of fibers .5 pm in length was only 0.34% of the total chrysotile population found. Other inorganic particles present included fragments of amphiboles. In contrast to these data, the lung parenchyma of persons occupationally exposed to asbestos commonly showed the presence of other fiber types, especially amosite and crocidolite, at very much higher concentrations and greater fiber length. Any chrysotile present would usually be in fiber bundle form, with both fibers and fibrils >5 pm in length. Comparison of the lung fiber content of occupationally exposed persons with that of the general population showed marked qualitative and quantitative differences. Fibers are durable, and are retained in a range of concentrations. Their length and dose, among other factors, which control their biological potential are different in the two populations; the risk factors for chrysotile-induced disease are not the same. -Environ Health Perspect 102(Suppl 5): 235-239 (1994)

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Studies of the solubility of constituents of chrysotile asbestos in vivo using radioactive tracer techniques

Cited by 56 publications

References 5 publications

Asbestosis: a study of dose-response relationships in an asbestos textile factory

Asbestosis: a study of dose-response relationships in an asbestos textile factory

Anthropogenic Compounds

Chrysotile biopersistence in the lungs of persons in the general population and exposed workers.

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