Studies of the reduction mechanism of selenium dioxide and its impact on the microstructure of manganese electrodeposit

Sun, Yan; Xia, Tian; He, Binbin; Yang, Chao; Pi, Zifeng; Wang, YanXin; Zhang, Suxin

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2011.06.111

Cited by 41 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The cathodic current potentials c 3 observed in our experimental CV curves are consistent with those previously reported for the reduction of Se(0) species to Se 2− [54,55]. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that peak c 3 originates from the reduction of selenium that was previously formed on the SnO 2 surface:…”

Section: Cyclic Voltammetrysupporting

confidence: 80%

Electrochemical behavior of SeO2 in sodium citrate solution on a polycrystalline SnO2 electrode

Dukštienė

Sinkevičiūtė

Tatariškinaitė³

2015

J Solid State Electrochem

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Preliminary results regarding the electrochemical behavior of Se(IV) in sodium citrate solution on a polycrystalline SnO 2 electrode are presented. A schematic diagram of the energy levels for an n-type SnO 2 electrode in contact with the working electrolyte was constructed. The results of cyclic voltammetry (CV) show that SeO 3 2− reduction occurs through a surface state in a complex multistep pathway. After a minute amount of Se is deposited, the electrode is expected to behave locally like a Schottky diode in contact with the solution. CV analysis and current transient results indicate that selenium growth on the polycrystalline SnO 2 surface proceeds without nucleation. A thin Se film obtained at a potential of −0.8 V vs. Ag|AgCl, KCl (sat) was analyzed by lateral force and atomic force microscopy.

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Section: Cyclic Voltammetrysupporting

confidence: 80%

Electrochemical behavior of SeO2 in sodium citrate solution on a polycrystalline SnO2 electrode

Dukštienė

Sinkevičiūtė

Tatariškinaitė³

2015

J Solid State Electrochem

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“…SeO 2 was widely applied to industrial production of electrolytic manganese for its advantage of improving current efficiency. [18,19] The morphology and composition of inclusions observed in ESR ingot are shown in Figure 3a Table 2. Diffusion coefficient of elements of TWIP steels.…”

Section: Morphology Of Non-metallic Inclusions In Twip Steelsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Because the high Mn and Al concentrations in steel can lead to different types of non-metallic inclusions, such as AlN, Al 2 O 3 , and MnS inclusions. Kang et al [8] suggested that the number of AlN and MnS inclusions should be kept as low as possible to improve the hot ductility, thus reducing the transverse cracking during continuous casting of Fe- (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)Mn-1.5Al steel. Gigacher et al [9] reported that the main types of inclusions are MnOAl 2 O 3 -AlN(40%), MnO-Al 2 O 3 -MnS(10%), MnO-Al 2 O 3 -AlNMnS(30%), and single AlN(14%) in Fe- (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)Mn-3Al-3Si steel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Analysis of Non-Metallic Inclusions in Low-Carbon Fe-Mn-Si-Al TWIP Steels

Liu

Michelic

et al. 2016

steel research int.

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A characterization of non-metallic inclusions in Fe-Mn-Si-Al twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) steels during argon oxygen decarburization-electroslag remelting-forging (AOD-ESR-forging) process has been performed. The two main kinds of inclusions found in TWIP-AOD ingots are single Al(O)N and MnS(Se)-Al(O)N aggregates. After the ESR process, Al(O)N and MnS(Se) inclusions in all size ranges significantly decrease while other kinds of inclusions show only minor changes. In the present study, the precipitation, growth, and dissolution of AlN and MnS inclusions have been analyzed by thermodynamics and kinetics. It is found that AlN inclusions in TWIP steels can already precipitate in the liquid. Furthermore, AlN inclusions precipitated in the liquid TWIP steels can act as the heterogeneous nuclei of MnS inclusions, and thus forming Al(O)N and MnS(Se) Á Al(O)N clusters. After ESR refining, the precipitation temperature of AlN and MnS inclusions will be significantly decreased, and AlN inclusions cannot be formed in the liquid TWIP steels in particular. The kinetic analysis show that the growth of AlN inclusions will be difficult during the ESR process, because their growth rate decreases significantly, while the dissolution rate increases.

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“…According to the literature, urea has been used as a complexing agent in the reduction of Cr(III) ions to Cr, in order to increase current efficiency. Namely, it is known that [Cr(H 2 O) 5 complexes which are reduced more easily [22,23]. Therefore, the observed influence of urea on Mn reduction in this work could be explained through the formation of complex salts like [Mn(urea) 3 2+ which are well documented [24].…”

Section: Voltammetric Studymentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Group VI element (S, Se and Te) compounds were reported as the most successful additives which increase the overpotential for hydrogen evolution, improve the leveling effect of the electrolyte and facilitate the crystallization of stable α-manganese; unfortunately, however, these compounds have a hazardous effect on the environment and also contaminate the manganese products [5]. Along with S, Se and Te compounds, many other additives, especially organic compounds, such as ammonium thiocyanate [1], carboxylic acid, glycerol, water-soluble polyacrylamide, guar gum and thiourea [6,7], have been tested to improve manganese electrodeposition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manganese electrodeposition from urea-rich electrolyte

Vuruna

Bučko

Radović

et al. 2015

Maced. J. Chem. Chem. Eng.

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Pure manganese coatings were prepared on the steel (AISI 4340) electrode by a non-conventional electrodeposition method, in the presence of 8 mol dm -3 of urea as a plating additive. The influence of urea on the electrodeposition of Mn was investigated by cyclic voltammetry. The morphology of the coatings was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and their elemental composition by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS). The results showed that the presence of urea in the solution increased the current efficiency for metal reduction for around 20%, and depending on the applied deposition potential, urea may act either as a complexing agent or through the adsorption mechanism. Moreover, urea improves the characteristics of Mn deposits, i.e. their adhesiveness, porosity, compactness, and appearance. Except for oxygen, as part of the Mn corrosion product at the coating surface, no carbon or nitrogen incorporation was detected in the deposits by EDS.Keywords: urea; electrodeposition; Mn coating; morphology ЕЛЕКТРОДЕПОЗИЦИЈА НА МАНГАН ОД ЕЛЕКТРОЛИТ БОГАТ СО УРЕАПриготвени е филм од чист манган врз челична (AISI 4340) електрода со конвенционален метод на електродепозиција во присуство на 8 mol dm -3 уреа како адитив. Влијанието на уреата врз електродепозицијата на Mn беше испитувано со циклична волтаметрија. Морфологијата на филмот беше студирана со скенирачка електронска микроскопија (SEM), а елементарниот состав со енергетски дисперзивна спектрометрија со Х-зраци (EDS). Резултатите покажаа дека присуството на уреа во растворот ја зголемува ефикасноста на струјата со намалување на металот за околу 20% и во зависност од потенцијалот на депозиција уреата може да дејствува или како комплексирачко средство или преку атсорпционен механизам. Исто така, уреата ги подобрува карактеристиките на депозитите на Mn, т.е. нивната атхезивност, порозност, компактност и изглед. Освен кислород како дел од корозивниот продукт на Mn на површината на филмот, со EDS не беа детектирани инкорпорирани депозити на јаглерод или азот.

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Studies of the reduction mechanism of selenium dioxide and its impact on the microstructure of manganese electrodeposit

Cited by 41 publications

References 13 publications

Electrochemical behavior of SeO2 in sodium citrate solution on a polycrystalline SnO2 electrode

Electrochemical behavior of SeO2 in sodium citrate solution on a polycrystalline SnO2 electrode

Characterization and Analysis of Non-Metallic Inclusions in Low-Carbon Fe-Mn-Si-Al TWIP Steels

Manganese electrodeposition from urea-rich electrolyte

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