Studies of the polysaccharide moiety of corallan, a glycoprotein from Pseudopterogorgia americana

Molchanova, V. I.; Оводова, Р. Г.; Ovodov, Yu. S.; Elkin, Yury N.; Santana, Violeta Fernández

doi:10.1016/s0008-6215(00)90460-9

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Coral mucus contains sulphated glycoprotein polymers made in specialized mucocytes of the polyp from the photosynthate produced by their endosymbiotic dinoflagellates and then secreted onto the coral surface [65]. The chemical structures of coral mucus components have been determined for less than a dozen species [66][67][68][69][70][71][72]. Even though there are differences in the composition of mucus produced by different corals, several generalizations could be made based on these reports.…”

Section: Battlefield: Slime (A) Chemical and Physical Properties Of Coral Mucusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The polypeptide backbone is decorated with sulphated oligosaccharide side chains O-linked through a mannose residue, which is different from mucins in most other animals [66,69,70]. Unlike mucins from other animals, coral mucus contains small amounts of 'plant' monosaccharides (such as arabinose and xylose), owing to its photosynthetic origin [69][70][71]. Although their relative amounts in mucus of different species vary, most common monosaccharides are mannose, N-acetyl-Dglucosamine, galactose, fucose, glucose and arabinose, with xylose and N-acetyl-D-galactosamine being minor components of coral mucins [66,[69][70][71][72].…”

Section: Battlefield: Slime (A) Chemical and Physical Properties Of Coral Mucusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coral-associated micro-organisms and their roles in promoting coral health and thwarting diseases

et al. 2013

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Over the last decade, significant advances have been made in characterization of the coral microbiota. Shifts in its composition often correlate with the appearance of signs of diseases and/or bleaching, thus suggesting a link between microbes, coral health and stability of reef ecosystems. The understanding of interactions in coral-associated microbiota is informed by the on-going characterization of other microbiomes, which suggest that metabolic pathways and functional capabilities define the 'core' microbiota more accurately than the taxonomic diversity of its members. Consistent with this hypothesis, there does not appear to be a consensus on the specificity in the interactions of corals with microbial commensals, even though recent studies report potentially beneficial functions of the coral-associated bacteria. They cycle sulphur, fix nitrogen, produce antimicrobial compounds, inhibit cell-to-cell signalling and disrupt virulence in opportunistic pathogens. While their beneficial functions have been documented, it is not certain whether or how these microbes are selected by the hosts. Therefore, understanding the role of innate immunity, signal and nutrient exchange in the establishment of coral microbiota and in controlling its functions will probably reveal ancient, evolutionarily conserved mechanisms that dictate the outcomes of host-microbial interactions, and impact the resilience of the host.

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Section: Battlefield: Slime (A) Chemical and Physical Properties Of Coral Mucusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Battlefield: Slime (A) Chemical and Physical Properties Of Coral Mucusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coral-associated micro-organisms and their roles in promoting coral health and thwarting diseases

et al. 2013

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“…The compositions of mucus differ among coral species (4,17,19), although they appear to be consistent in corals of the same species harvested in different locations and at different depths (11). The structures of the polymers from A. palmata mucus are not yet known.…”

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confidence: 96%

“…is converted into polymers that are excreted onto the coral surface (for a review, see reference 2). A glycoprotein is the major component of coral mucus from both hard and soft corals (16,17,19). The com-position of the glycoprotein differs among coral species (4,17).…”

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confidence: 99%

Utilization of Mucus from the Coral Acropora palmata by the Pathogen Serratia marcescens and by Environmental and Coral Commensal Bacteria

Krediet

Ritchie

Cohen

et al. 2009

Appl Environ Microbiol

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In recent years, diseases of corals caused by opportunistic pathogens have become widespread. How opportunistic pathogens establish on coral surfaces, interact with native microbiota, and cause disease is not yet clear. This study compared the utilization of coral mucus by coral-associated commensal bacteria ("Photobacterium mandapamensis" and Halomonas meridiana) and by opportunistic Serratia marcescens pathogens. S. marcescens PDL100 (a pathogen associated with white pox disease of Acroporid corals) grew to higher population densities on components of mucus from the host coral. In an in vitro coculture on mucus from Acropora palmata, S. marcescens PDL100 isolates outgrew coral isolates. The white pox pathogen did not differ from other bacteria in growth on mucus from a nonhost coral, Montastraea faveolata. The ability of S. marcescens to cause disease in acroporid corals may be due, at least in part, to the ability of strain PDL100 to build to higher population numbers within the mucus surface layer of its acroporid host. During growth on mucus from A. palmata, similar glycosidase activities were present in coral commensal bacteria, in S. marcescens PDL100, and in environmental and human isolates of S. marcescens. The temporal regulation of these activities during growth on mucus, however, was distinct in the isolates. During early stages of growth on mucus, enzymatic activities in S. marcescens PDL100 were most similar to those in coral commensals. After overnight incubation on mucus, enzymatic activities in a white pox pathogen were most similar to those in pathogenic Serratia strains isolated from human mucosal surfaces.

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“…Also, there have been a few reports of the occurrence of Ara or Rha in animal glycoproteins. For example, Ara was found in saccharide chains of the mucus of the coral Acropora formosa (Meikle et al 1987) and in glycans of corallan, a glycoprotein from the coral Pseudopterogorgia americana (Molchanova et al 1985). Inter- estingly, Rha was also one of the monosaccharides detected in the vitelline coat of another ascidian Ciona intestinalis (De Santis & Pinto 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfated O‐linked glycans of the vitelline coat as ligands in gamete interaction in the ascidian, Halocynthia roretzi

1999

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In the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi, sperm-egg binding is probably mediated through the interaction between ␣-L-fucosidase present on the sperm surface and anionic saccharide chains of the egg vitelline coat. To characterize biologically active glycans, total glycans were chemically released from the glycopeptide fraction of the vitelline coat. The fraction of uncharged glycans and two fractions of negatively charged glycans were separated by diethylaminoethyl-anion exchange chromatography. In a competitive inhibition assay of fertilization, both anionic fractions showed inhibitory activity, with more anionic glycans being most potent, while uncharged glycans were biologically inactive. Chemical desulfation combined with a competitive inhibition assay of fertilization and ion analysis determined that sulfate groups were responsible for anionic character and crucial for biological activity. Monosaccharide analysis of anionic fractions showed a high content of N-acetylgalactosamine, galactose, xylose and the presence of arabinose, mannose, N-acetylglucosamine, glucose and rhamnose. Glycans were O-linked and galactose and xylose residues were detected at reducing termini. Linkage analysis suggested that 1,4-linked xylose, 1,3-linked galactose and N-acetylgalactosamine residues, substituted to different degrees by sulfate groups on the C-3 and C-4 carbons, respectively, constituted the core structures of anionic glycans.

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Studies of the polysaccharide moiety of corallan, a glycoprotein from Pseudopterogorgia americana

Cited by 16 publications

References 2 publications

Coral-associated micro-organisms and their roles in promoting coral health and thwarting diseases

Coral-associated micro-organisms and their roles in promoting coral health and thwarting diseases

Utilization of Mucus from the Coral Acropora palmata by the Pathogen Serratia marcescens and by Environmental and Coral Commensal Bacteria

Sulfated O‐linked glycans of the vitelline coat as ligands in gamete interaction in the ascidian, Halocynthia roretzi

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