Studies of the Metabolizable Energy of Grain and Grain Products for Chickens

Hill, F. W.; Anderson, D. L.; Renner, Ruth; Carew, L. B.

doi:10.3382/ps.0390573

Cited by 183 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Free amino acid molecular weights were used in calculat-ing the amino acid yields. The metabolizable energy (ME) of BFM sample was determined by the chromic oxide indicator method (Hill et al, 1960) using glucose as the reference standard and correcting for nitrogen retention.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A note on the use of breadfruit meal (<i>Artocarpus incisus</i>) as a feed ingredient for broiler chickens

Atuahene¹,

Donkoh²,

Anang³

et al. 2002

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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Breadfruit meal (BFM) {Artocarpus incisus) was evaluated as a poultry feed ingredient in a pilot study. Diets containing 0, 25, 50 and 75 g BFM kg"1 were fed, ad libitum, to 240 day-old broiler chickens for a period of 8 weeks. Birds had free access to water. Performance criteria studied included feed intake, growth rate, efficiency of feed utilization, mortality, carcass and blood parameters. The concentration of BFM in the diet had significant negative influence on feed consumption (r =-0.96). Breadfruit meal at 25 and 50 g kg" 1 slightly improved the growth and feed utilization of broilers. At 75 g kg" 1 diet, BFM depressed weight gain although not significantly, but feed utilization was similar as in the control group. The level of BFM had no significant impact on carcass yield, mortality, or blood parameters. The kidney, heart, liver and gizzard weights of broilers were also unaffected by the addition of BFM in diets. Breadfruit meal could be included in broiler chickens' diet at concentrations up to 50 g kg" 1 without an adverse effect on performance

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A note on the use of breadfruit meal (<i>Artocarpus incisus</i>) as a feed ingredient for broiler chickens

Atuahene¹,

Donkoh²,

Anang³

et al. 2002

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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“…The variation is of importance to feed manufacturers, nutritionists and bereal breeders (Sibbald 1975a). The use of mean ME values can result in significant errors, but the alternative of measuring the ME values of numerous samples using a conventional bioassay (Hill et al 1960; Can. J. Anin.…”

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confidence: 99%

Relationships Between Metabolizable Energy Values for Poultry and Some Physical and Chemical Data Describing Canadian Wheats, Oats and Barleys

Sibbald¹,

Price²

1976

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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Srns.AI-o, I. R. aNo Pnrcr, K. 1976 There is variation among the metabolizable energy (ME) values of cereal grains fed to poultry Slinger 1962, 1963a;March and Biely 1973). The variation is of importance to feed manufacturers, nutritionists and bereal breeders (Sibbald 1975a). The use of mean ME values can result in significant errors, but the alternative of measuring the ME values of numerous samples using a conventional bioassay (Hill et al. 1960; Can. J. Anin. Sci. 56:255-268 (June 1976) Slinger 1963b) is impractical because of the time and cost involved. The solution to this problem may lie in the application of a rapid indirect ME assay; this subject was reviewed by Sibbald (1975a cl 09 ! q 09 n q q q 09'1 q o9 o9 -9 n q -: \ q a o9 r:q 09 \ q 9 1 q cl 9 9': -1 09'l q I q oq 9 9 -'t v1 -: cl q 09 09 vl C 09 ? : ? q 1 I gDDggSgDaSgSgDgSsDDSDDDg=ggggggsggEs- ,F, i-o-sssi -siS-s i sz oo-j oi --$Sg**g*qE€€€ For personal use only. The matrix reveals several interesting relationships. The gross energy content of wheat increased with the protein content (P < 0.01) and decreased as the nitrogen-free extract or starch levels increased (P < 0.01). This is to be expected because protein contains more gross energy than carbohydrate and because as the protein content rises the nitrogen-free extract or starch content falls (P < 0.01). As the ash content of the wheat increased so did the calcium, phosphorus and phytin phosphorus levels (P < 0.01). OatsThe 28 samples of oats described in Table 3 represent 17 cultivars. Three of the cultivars, are The ME values of the oats ranged from 2.33 kcallg for a sample of Garry to 3.82 kcal/g for a sample of Vicar. The naked oats had high ME values comparable to the high ME wheats. The overall mean ME value was 3.14 + 0.07 kcal/g. In general, the low ME oats had low bulk weights; this supports the observations of Lockhart et al. (1961) and Sibbald and Slinger (1963a

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“…Wheat bran is the outer layer ∼13% of the wheat seed and is rich in dietary fiber containing ∼50.4% neutral detergent fiber (NDF), ∼16.7% acid detergent fiber (ADF) and lower amounts, ∼4% of acid detergent lignin (ADL) and crude protein of ∼18% (Hill et al, 1960). Furthermore, it contains 43.6 % insoluble dietary fibers, 2.5% soluble dietary fibers, 6.7% ash and various essential amino acids for the enzyme production and bacterial growth (Sievert et al, 1990).…”

Section: Introduction __________mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In conclusion, wheat bran solid fermented by Trichoderma longibrachiatum (SF1) could be successfully used in poultry feed without deleterious effect. Hill et al, 1960). Furthermore, it contains 43.6 % insoluble dietary fibers, 2.5% soluble dietary fibers, 6.7% ash and various essential amino acids for the enzyme production and bacterial growth (Sievert et al, 1990).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of The Performance of Chicks Fed with Wheat Bran Solid Fermented by Trichoderma longibrachiatum (SF1)

Elmasry

elgremi

Belal

et al. 2017

Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Sciences

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T HE PRESENT study was carried out to evaluate the effect of feeding fermented wheat bran (WB) on the broiler performance. Nutritional value of wheat bran was improved through fermentation by cellulase secreting fungi isolated from soil. A total number of 90 one-day-old chicks were randomly assigned into 3 experimental groups (30 each, in 3 replicates). Group 1: diet including 0 % wheat bran (control1), Group 2: diet including 10% unfermented wheat bran (control 2), Group 3: diet including 10% wheat bran solid fermented by Trichoderma longibrachiatum (SF1). All diets were iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous. Feed and water were provided ad libitum. The statistical evaluation of growth performance at the 5 th week of age indicated significant increase in the average live body weight of birds fed with fermented wheat bran which recorded (1640 g) compared with the control-1 (1147.7g) and control-2 (1363.5 g). Feed consumption recorded significant increase to 3915.6 g/ bird, which returned to the best palatability of fermented feed. It was clearly sustained that the best significant feed conversion was recorded in group treated with fermented wheat bran (2.39), while unfermented WB group (2.41) compared to control-1(2.69). The cross sections in duodenum revealed no histopathological features related to such fungi and showing normal histological structure. Concerning the effects of feeding fermented wheat bran on some blood parameters , results showed that most levels are in normal ranges. In conclusion, wheat bran solid fermented by Trichoderma longibrachiatum (SF1) could be successfully used in poultry feed without deleterious effect. Hill et al., 1960). Furthermore, it contains 43.6 % insoluble dietary fibers, 2.5% soluble dietary fibers, 6.7% ash and various essential amino acids for the enzyme production and bacterial growth (Sievert et al., 1990). It may contain up to 12% crude fiber and insertion in the broiler diet usually does not exceed 5% due to its high fiber content (NRC, 1994), which limits its utilization in poultry feed due to ineffective fiber fermentation in gastrointestinal tract. Assessment of TheFermentation process is treatment method besides as optimal food/feed storage could increase nutrient content. Winarno and Fardiaz (1982) found that fermented feed containing higher nutrient compared to a raw material. Chiang et al. (2010) reported that solid state fermentation improved nutrient digestibility, increased the numbers of lactobacilli in the colon and ceca, enhanced the small intestinal structure of the broilers and potentially reducing the cost of broiler production.Filamentous fungi like Trichoderma spp. are well known efficient producers of cellulases (Peij et al., 1998 (Cherry and Fidantsef, 2003). Filamentous fungi have a greater penetrating power into insoluble substrates and are therefore, more suitable for solid-state fermentation of lignocellulosic materials (Kang et al., 2004). At the present, the various strains of Trichoderma spp. are recognized by the researchers as the steadiest an...

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Studies of the Metabolizable Energy of Grain and Grain Products for Chickens

Cited by 183 publications

References 9 publications

A note on the use of breadfruit meal (<i>Artocarpus incisus</i>) as a feed ingredient for broiler chickens

A note on the use of breadfruit meal (<i>Artocarpus incisus</i>) as a feed ingredient for broiler chickens

Relationships Between Metabolizable Energy Values for Poultry and Some Physical and Chemical Data Describing Canadian Wheats, Oats and Barleys

Assessment of The Performance of Chicks Fed with Wheat Bran Solid Fermented by Trichoderma longibrachiatum (SF1)

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