Studies of the Etiology and Epizootiology of Lymphosarcoma in Northern Pike (Esox lucius) and Muskellunge (Esox masquinongy)

Studies on the transmissibility and etiology of orocutaneous tumors of brown bullheads Ictaiurus nebulosus

“…Previously, auto-and homotransplantation of orocutaneous neoplasms of brown bullheads within the ocular anterior chamber and between the 2 cornea1 layers succeeded within 2 wk; heterotransplantation in 2 remote fish species and in the leopard frog, however, was followed by rejection of the tumor material by the recipients (Lucke & Schlumberger 1941). Unequivocal transn~issibility of infectious neoplastic diseases in fish was achieved only in a few species: the northern pike Esox lucius (Mulcahy & O'Leary 1970, Brown et al 1975, Sonstegard 1976, common carp Cyprjnus carpio (Sano et al 1985), walleye Stizostedion vitreum (Bowser et al 1990, Martineau et al 1990, and salmonids (Kimura et al 1981a, b, Sano et al 1983, Yoshimizu et al 1987). The Henle-Koch's postulate (Fenner et al 1987) for establishing the etiologic relationship was fulfilled in even fewer cases (Kimura et al 1981a, b, Sano et al 1983, Martineau et al 1990).…”

“…Young animals are usually more susceptible to infections, and therefore preferred for transmissibility trials. In a number of cases in which spontaneous neoplasms developed in adult fish, oncogenicity trials were successful in fingerlings (Sonstegard 1976, Kimura et al 1981a, b, Sano et al 1983, Yoshimizu et al 1987, Martineau et al 1990). Age-related resistance to infection was also noted in 8 mo old chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta (Kimura et al 1981b, Yoshimizu et al 1987.…”

Malignant lymphoma in black bullhead from Allouez Bay, Superior, Wisconsin, USA

“…This is especially true in the northern pike Esox lucius and the muskellunge Esox masquinongy, in which the disease is believed to have a viral etiology (Papas et al 1976, Sonstegard 1976). To our knowledge, hematopoetic neoplasms have only been reported twice in the order Siluriformes, both from channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus.…”

Ecological Genetics of Thyroid Hormone Physiology in Humans and Wild Animals

“…For example, environmental contaminants can cause goiter. In salmon populations introduced into the Great Lakes in the late 1960s, the frequency of thyroid goiter increased in the mid-1970s [51,52,53]. In addition, herring gulls Larus argentatus from the Great Lakes also suffered from goiter in the 1980s [54].…”