Studies of the correlation between mercury content and the content of various forms of sulfur in Polish hard coals

Dziok, Tadeusz; Strugała, A.; Rozwadowski, A.; Macherzyński, Mariusz

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2015.06.080

Cited by 37 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Average mercury content in subbituminous coals varies from 25 to 300 μg kg −1 , and in Polish lignites from 100 to 450 μg kg −1 [16][17][18][19][20]. By comparison, average mercury content in bituminous coals and lignites burned in US power plants is: 171 μg kg − 1 for lignites, 69 μg kg −1 for subbituminous coals and 81 μg kg − 1 for bituminous coals [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignites and subbituminous coals combustion in Polish power plants as a source of anthropogenic mercury emission

Burmistrz

Kogut

Marczak

et al. 2016

Fuel Processing Technology

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lignites and subbituminous coals combustion in Polish power plants as a source of anthropogenic mercury emission

Burmistrz

Kogut

Marczak

et al. 2016

Fuel Processing Technology

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“…case W6), the mercury content in clean coal increased by 19%. according to our previous studies (Dziok et al 2015a), such a diversity of the obtained results may be explained, among others, by the diversity of mercury occurrence in coal.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 56%

Preliminary assessment of the possibility of mercury removal from hard coal with the use of air concentrating tables

Dziok¹,

Strugała²

2017

Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi

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Mercury is characterized by highly toxic properties. The natural biogeochemical cycle of mercury occurs in the environment, which results in the fact that even a small amount of mercury emitted to the environment is a potential threat to human health. The process of coal combustion is one of the main sources of anthropogenic mercury emissions. For this reason, on 31 July 2017 the European Commission has adopted the mercury emission standards for large combustion plants. The issue of mercury emissions is particularly important for Poland. Forecasts concerning energy consumption in Poland show that coal will be the main source for energy production in the coming decades. Therefore, actions enabling the reduction of mercury emissions from coal-fired power plants will have to be implemented. The mercury emissions from coal-fired power plants may be reduced through the application of a number of methods. These methods can be divided into two main groups: the post-combustion methods which allow for mercury removal from flue gases, and the pre-combustion methods which allow for mercury removal from coal before its combustion. The effectiveness of mercury removal from coal is determined by the mode of its occurrence in coal. In the case of mercury occurrence in the adventitious inorganic constituents of coal, high effectiveness will be obtained in the coal cleaning processes. In the case of mercury occurrence in the organic matter as well as in the inherent inorganic constituents of coal, the effectiveness of this method will be low. Mercury could be removed from such coals through the process of thermal pretreatment at the temperature of 200-400°C (mild pyrolysis). In the paper, the possibility of mercury removal from hard coal through the process of dry deshaling on an air concentrating table was examined. Six raw coals (coal feed), clean coals and the rejects derived from their dry deshaling were analyzed. The mercury content was measured in the examined samples. The content of mercury in raw coals and clean coals were compared. Additionally, the effectiveness of mercury removal from coal with rejects was determined. For the analyzed coals, the effectiveness of mercury removal from coal in the process of dry deshaling on an air concentrating table ranged from 9 to 96%. This effectiveness is similar to the effectiveness of mercury removal from coal in the processes of coal washing. It should be mentioned that, when compared to the coal washing processes, the dry deshaling process is characterized by lower investment and operating costs. Therefore, the dry deshaling process on an air concentrating table should be considered as a competitive method for the coal washing processes. There is also a possibility of an increase in the mercury removal efficiency from coal in the process of dry deshaling as a result of the thermal pretreatment of clean coal derived from dry deshaling. This solution is only recommended for coals in which mercury occurs in the organic matter as well as in the inorganic constituents characterized by a relatively low temperature of mercury release.It should be emphasized that the dry deshaling process allowed for a decrease of mercury content is not suitable for every coal. Although for five of the analyzed coals the mercury content in clean coal was lower in the range from 11 to 53%, for one coal the mercury content was higher by 19%. The effect of decreasing the mercury content in coal is more evident when it is related to the amount of energy contained in coal (i.e. for example to the lower heating value). For five of the analyzed coals mercury content expressed in such a way decreased in the range from 11 to 53 %, and for one coal the mercury content was, however, higher. Nevertheless, the difference was not very significant (ca. 5%).

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“…However, in the case of their absence, methods of mercury removal from coal can be applied. The currently used and developing methods include the coal cleaning process [9,10] as well as the thermal pretreatment of coal (mild pyrolysis) [11][12][13]. It should be mentioned that the effectiveness of these methods varies for different coals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method selection for mercury removal from hard coal

Dziok

Strugała

2017

E3S Web Conf.

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Abstract.Mercury is commonly found in coal and the coal utilization processes constitute one of the main sources of mercury emission to the environment. This issue is particularly important for Poland, because the Polish energy production sector is based on brown and hard coal. The forecasts show that this trend in energy production will continue in the coming years. At the time of the emission limits introduction, methods of reducing the mercury emission will have to be implemented in Poland. Mercury emission can be reduced as a result of using coal with a relatively low mercury content. In the case of the absence of such coals, the methods of mercury removal from coal can be implemented. The currently used and developing methods include the coal cleaning process (both the coal washing and the dry deshaling) as well as the thermal pretreatment of coal (mild pyrolysis). The effectiveness of these methods various for different coals, which is caused by the diversity of coal origin, various characteristics of coal and, especially, by the various modes of mercury occurrence in coal. It should be mentioned that the coal cleaning process allows for the removal of mercury occurring in mineral matter, mainly in pyrite. The thermal pretreatment of coal allows for the removal of mercury occurring in organic matter as well as in the inorganic constituents characterized by a low temperature of mercury release. In this paper, the guidelines for the selection of mercury removal method from hard coal were presented. The guidelines were developed taking into consideration: the effectiveness of mercury removal from coal in the process of coal cleaning and thermal pretreatment, the synergy effect resulting from the combination of these processes, the direction of coal utilization as well as the influence of these processes on coal properties.

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Studies of the correlation between mercury content and the content of various forms of sulfur in Polish hard coals

Cited by 37 publications

References 41 publications

Lignites and subbituminous coals combustion in Polish power plants as a source of anthropogenic mercury emission

Lignites and subbituminous coals combustion in Polish power plants as a source of anthropogenic mercury emission

Preliminary assessment of the possibility of mercury removal from hard coal with the use of air concentrating tables

Method selection for mercury removal from hard coal

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