Studies of Membrane Formation in Tetrahymena pyriformis. I. Rates of Phospholipid Biosynthesis<sup>*</sup>

Thompson, Guy A.

doi:10.1021/bi00859a020

Cited by 166 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…thermophila strain B stock cultures were maintained axenically in a tryptone medium (3) and grown for experiments in an enriched proteose-peptone medium (PPYGFe) containing yeast extract, glucose, and iron-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (15). Flask cultures containing 150 ml of growth medium were grown to a density of 3 x 105 cells/ml at 22°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of initiation and elongation of cilia during ciliary regeneration in Tetrahymena.

Hadley¹,

Williams²

1981

Mol. Cell. Biol.

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Tetrahymena thermophila strain B could regenerate approximately 10% of its somatic ciliary mass in concentrations of cycloheximide believed to block all cytoplasmic protein synthesis. A quantitative study of the relative numbers and lengths of cilia regenerated in the presence and absence of cycloheximide under a variety of conditions suggested that specific initiation and elongation protein factors are involved in the control of ciliary morphogenesis in Tetrahymena.The ciliated protozoan Tetrahymena can regenerate its cilia in both nutrient and non-nutrient medium. It has been shown in a number of laboratories that regeneration is completed within about a 2-h period after deciliation by the Rosenbaum and Carlson calcium shock procedure (1,5,8,10,13). It has also been shown by several laboratories that there is an induced synthesis of ciliary proteins associated with this regeneration (1, 5, 13; S. D. Guttman and M. A. Gorovsky, J. Cell Biol. 67:149a, 1975). From the beginning, however, label dilution studies have consistently indicated that only part of the protein actually incorporated into the regenerating cilia is the result of this induced synthesis (5, 7, 13; Guttman and Gorovsky, J. Cell Biol. 67:149a, 1975). This suggests that a significant proportion of the structural protein in regenerated cilia comes from preexisting cytoplasmic pools. It has also been found recently that tubulin induction occurs only after ciliary regeneration is well under way (1, 5), which leads to the same conclusion. The substantial use of stored proteins in ciliary regeneration by Tetrahymena suggests the operation of specific assembly control mechanisms which may be of general interest. into the postulated assembly control mechanisms. Our results suggest that specific initiation and elongation factors may be involved in the control of ciliary assembly in Tetrahymena. MATERIALS AND METHODST. thermophila strain B stock cultures were maintained axenically in a tryptone medium (3) and grown for experiments in an enriched proteose-peptone medium (PPYGFe) containing yeast extract, glucose, and iron-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (15). Flask cultures containing 150 ml of growth medium were grown to a density of 3 x 105 cells/ml at 22°C. The cells were then rinsed by gentle centrifugation three times and suspended in 150 ml of the Carlsberg Institute inorganic medium (CBI-IM) (6). All experiments were begun after maintenance of the cells in inorganic medium for 4 h.The cells were deciliated for regeneration experiments by the method of Rosenbaum and Carlson (10). In this method, the cells are concentrated in a small amount of a deciliation medium and briefly exposed to a high concentration of calcium. The cilia, weakened at the base by the calcium shock, are easily removed by drawing the cell suspension through a no. 16 needle fitted to a syringe. Immediately after the deciliation procedure, the cell suspension is diluted tenfold in inorganic medium, rinsed once, and resuspended in 150 ml of inorganic medium. The deciliated cells we...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of initiation and elongation of cilia during ciliary regeneration in Tetrahymena.

Hadley¹,

Williams²

1981

Mol. Cell. Biol.

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“…Tetrahymena may contain large amounts of glycogen (118, 80, 73, ll9, 72, 71, 127). LlPm DROPLETS (Figure lg) are usually of low electron density; they represent stores of triacyIglycerol and are abundant in cells from the stationary growth phase (4,139,72,71,12). SMALL ELECTRON DENSE GRANULES (Figure lh) have contents of varying electron density.…”

Section: The Cell Organellesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The droplets appear in the early stationary phase of growth and whenever the cells are subjected to treatments that interfere with cell multiplication, as will be discussed below (section 4). The number of lipid droplets increases as the cells pass into the stationary phase but decreases late in this phase (39,40,4,36,139,72,26,71,92). They are generally believed to represent stores of reserve energy, a question which was investigated (12) after labelling the triacylglycerol in ceils which had just ceased proliferation in the stationary phase.…”

Section: The Culture Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

On cell organelles in Tetrahymena. With special reference to mitochondria and peroxisomes

Nilsson

1981

Carlsberg Res. Commun.

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In the ciliate, Tetrahymena pyriformis, the population of cell organelles shows variation during the culture cycle and when the cells are subjected to various treatments. New cell constituents may appear and the fine structure of mitochondria and peroxisomes may change. Such dynamic structural changes are described and reviewed in relation to physiological and biochemical studies on Tetrahymena. The cell organelles discussed are about I tam in diameter or smaller~ reference is also made to the nuc[eotar organization which is the most sensitive indicator of the physiologica~ state of the ceils. The presumed distribution of the various cell organelles in subcellular fractions of Tetrahymena is mentioned, since dependent on the pretreatment of the cells, especially the mitochondrial and peroxisomal fractions may be contaminated to varying degrees with other cell organelles~The purpose of the review is to demonstrate that a correlation exists between the structure and function of cell organelles, especially mitochondria and peroxisomes, and that the overall fine structure of a cell reflects its physiological state.

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“…The cells were grown to mid-logarithmic phase at 25 C in 300 ml cultures using an enriched proteose-peptone medium (Thompson, 1967).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

AN APPARENT DISJUNCTION BETWEEN THE EVOLUTION OF FORM AND SUBSTANCE IN THE GENUS TETRAHYMENA

Williams

1984

Evolution

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Studies of Membrane Formation in Tetrahymena pyriformis. I. Rates of Phospholipid Biosynthesis^*

Cited by 166 publications

References 30 publications

Control of initiation and elongation of cilia during ciliary regeneration in Tetrahymena.

Control of initiation and elongation of cilia during ciliary regeneration in Tetrahymena.

On cell organelles in Tetrahymena. With special reference to mitochondria and peroxisomes

AN APPARENT DISJUNCTION BETWEEN THE EVOLUTION OF FORM AND SUBSTANCE IN THE GENUS TETRAHYMENA

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Studies of Membrane Formation in Tetrahymena pyriformis. I. Rates of Phospholipid Biosynthesis*

Cited by 166 publications

References 30 publications

Control of initiation and elongation of cilia during ciliary regeneration in Tetrahymena.

Control of initiation and elongation of cilia during ciliary regeneration in Tetrahymena.

On cell organelles in Tetrahymena. With special reference to mitochondria and peroxisomes

AN APPARENT DISJUNCTION BETWEEN THE EVOLUTION OF FORM AND SUBSTANCE IN THE GENUS TETRAHYMENA

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Studies of Membrane Formation in Tetrahymena pyriformis. I. Rates of Phospholipid Biosynthesis^*