Studies of grain production in Sorghum bicolor (L. Moench). III.* The relative importance of assimilate supply, grain growth capacity and transport system

Fischer, KS; Wilson, GL

doi:10.1071/ar9750011

Cited by 30 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The differences in grain yield manifested through differences in total biomass and HI can be examined using the source–sink framework that considers contributions from both assimilation during grain filling and remobilization of preanthesis assimilate. In sorghum, this source–sink framework is exemplified by the studies of Fischer and Wilson (1975) The differences in total biomass at maturity among experiments in this study, and hence the major differences in yield, may be explained predominantly by differences in assimilation during the grain‐filling period. Differences in assimilation during this period were consistent with the observation that total biomass at anthesis did not differ as much among experiments as total biomass at maturity (Table 3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Genotype and Environment Effects on Dynamics of Harvest Index during Grain Filling in Sorghum

Hammer

Broad²

2003

Agronomy Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

chow and Sinclair, 1991), and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) (Chapman et al., 1993). An approach based on a linear rate of increase in harvest indexDeficiencies in the HI approach, however, may be (HI) with time after anthesis has been used as a simple means to predict grain growth and yield in many crop simulation models. When associated with use of a constant rate of HI increase applied to diverse situations, however, this approach has been found across diverse environments, particularly for cool temto introduce significant error in grain yield predictions. Accordingly, peratures, and possible variation in maximum HI or this study was undertaken to examine the stability of the HI approach timing of cessation of linear increase in HI associated for yield prediction in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. Four with other factors, such as crop maturity. In studies on field experiments were conducted under nonlimiting water and N HI dynamics in sunflower, Bange et al. (1998) showedconditions. The experiments were sown at times that ensured a broad that while rate of increase in HI was linear, the rate range in temperature and radiation conditions. Treatments consisted decreased with low temperature during grain filling. of two population densities and three genotypes varying in maturity.They also noted that duration of the period from anthe-Frequent sequential harvests were used to monitor crop growth, yield, sis to the onset of linear increase in HI (i.e., lag phase) and the dynamics of HI. Experiments varied greatly in yield and final HI. There was also a tendency for lower HI with later maturity.varied and was inversely related to temperature. How-Harvest index dynamics also varied among experiments and, to a ever, rate of increase in HI did not differ among levels lesser extent, among treatments within experiments. The variation of N for sunflower (Bange et al., 1998) or sorghum was associated mostly with the linear rate of increase in HI and timing (Muchow, 1988). of cessation of that increase. The average rate of HI increase wasAs crop models need to be applied across a diverse 0.0198 d Ϫ1 , but this was reduced considerably (0.0147) in one experirange of environments in exploring strategies to imment that matured in cool conditions. The variations found in HI prove crop management, such as sowing date (e.g., Mudynamics could be largely explained by differences in assimilation chow et al., 1994), it is important that they incorporate during grain filling and remobilization of preanthesis assimilate. We robust approaches to growth and yield prediction. Acconcluded that this level of variation in HI dynamics limited the cordingly, this study was undertaken to examine the general applicability of the HI approach in yield prediction and suggested a potential alternative for testing.Hammer,

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Genotype and Environment Effects on Dynamics of Harvest Index during Grain Filling in Sorghum

Hammer

Broad²

2003

Agronomy Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Moreover, Bonus may have a more efficient phloem transport system and could have used the surplus assimilate to increase the individual grain weight despite having reduced grain number per panicle after night chilling. Fischer and Wilson (1975) manipulated photosynthate supply during grain filling in sorghum. Removal of spikelets at three‐quarter anthesis increased the size of the remaining grains at maturity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sorghum can Compensate for Chilling‐Induced Grain Loss

Wood¹,

Tan²,

Mamun³

et al. 2006

J Agronomy Crop Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chilling during male gametophyte development in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) inhibits development of microspores, causing male sterility. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of night chilling on yield components in sorghum. This study identified and employed collar distance as a morphological marker of anther development following chilling. Two cultivars Buster and Bonus, were subjected to three temperature regimes (25/20°C, 25/12°C and 25/8°C) for five consecutive nights at 0 cm collar distance, which corresponds to the meiotic stage of anther development. Pollen viability, grain number and harvest index were reduced in both cultivars at 12 and 8°C night temperatures. Total grain weight of cultivar Bonus was not reduced as much as Buster at 12°C because of the ability of Bonus to increase individual grain weight when grain number was low. This work further elucidates the mechanism and genetic potential of chilling-induced yield compensation for developing sorghum cultivars that are better adapted to low night temperatures.

show abstract

“…While final caryopsis weight could, in theory, be related to grain-filling rate, duration, or both, the length of the effective filling period (EFP) appears to be similar for various sorghum hybrids (Quinby, 1972;Kiniry, 1988;Heiniger et al, 1993). Previous sorghum research has shown that grain-filling rate is affected by the number of sinks to be filled (Kiniry, 1988;Heiniger et al, 1993), assimilate supply during the EFP, and feedback mechanisms originating in the caryopses (Fischer and Wilson, 1975;Muchow and Wilson, 1976;Heiniger et al, 1993). As the feedback relations are, as yet, unclear, we decided to model caryopsis weight empirically.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing Guidelines for Replanting Grain Sorghum: II. Improved Methods of Simulating Caryopsis Weight and Tiller Number

et al. 1997

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Enhancing the yield prediction accuracy of SORKAM, a growth model for sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench], requires improving the simulation of grain growth and the relationship between tiller number and minimum temperature. A new grain growth equation, developed from 1990 data collected at Manhattan, KS, relates grain‐filling rate to the rate of change of plant dry matter per caryopsis during the effective filling period. Additional functions are specified for the lag and leveling‐off phases of caryopsis growth, resulting in a new submodel, which was tested against data from Kansas and two Australian sites. The tiller number calculation was revised using three years of Manhattan data. After incorporating the new submodels, SORKAM outputs were compared with observed yields and yield components in three Kansas regions. The R2 values for yield increased from 0.27, 0.46, and 0.79 to 0.76, 0.69, and 0.90 for eastern, central, and western Kansas, respectively. Caryopsis weight comparisons showed that the revised model accounted for 48 to 72% of observed variability, up from 15 to 57% for the original model. Tiller number predictions also improved, although modestly.

show abstract

Studies of grain production in Sorghum bicolor (L. Moench). III.* The relative importance of assimilate supply, grain growth capacity and transport system

Cited by 30 publications

References 0 publications

Genotype and Environment Effects on Dynamics of Harvest Index during Grain Filling in Sorghum

Genotype and Environment Effects on Dynamics of Harvest Index during Grain Filling in Sorghum

Sorghum can Compensate for Chilling‐Induced Grain Loss

Developing Guidelines for Replanting Grain Sorghum: II. Improved Methods of Simulating Caryopsis Weight and Tiller Number

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About