Studies of gel metal-oxide composite samples as filling materials for W-188/Re-188 generator column

Continued Availability of the Tungsten-188/Rhenium-188 Generator to Enhance Therapeutic Utility of 188Re

“…Although a variety of 188 W/ 188 Re generator prototypes have been described in the literature , the alumina-based generator system has been demonstrated as the most simple, reliable and is widely used to obtain 188 Re for clinical use [12,[22][23][24][25][26][30][31][32]. Other variations which have been described and include 188 W/ 188 Re generators based on zirconium oxide/zirconia [27,[37][38][41][42], gel-type technology [44][45][46], electrochemistry [43], extraction centrifuge techniques [40], thermo-chromatography, use of high capacity adsorbent-based, nanomaterial-based and solvent extraction, but apparently none of these systems have been further evaluated for routine use of 188 Re in a clinical setting. The first evaluation of the generator separation of no-carrier-added 188 Re from the 188 W parent using a generator-based system was explored in 1966 [9][10].…”

An overview of radioisotope separation technologies for development of 188W/188Re radionuclide generators providing 188Re to meet future research and clinical demands

“…The scope of using gel metal-oxide composites has also been examined, but with limited success. 88,89 Organic-inorganic hybrid mesoporous anion-exchange resins based on either pure silica or organ silica support materials were prepared and tested for the adsorption of perrhenate (ReO 4…”

Electrochemical Separation: Promises, Opportunities, and Challenges To Develop Next-Generation Radionuclide Generators To Meet Clinical Demands

“…Development of 188 W/ 188 Re generators using low specific activity 188 W produced from a moderate flux reactor amenable for routine clinical use is the cornerstone for the survival and strength of 188 Re radiopharmacy. With a view to achieve this objective, several alternate sorbents such as hydroxyapatite, the hydrous oxides of zirconium, titanium, manganese, tin(IV), and cerium, silica gel, the AG 1-X12 and AG 50 W-X12 ion-exchange resins, and activated charcoal, several sorbents with higher capacity for W such as gel–metal oxide composites, synthetic alumina, polymeric titanium oxychloride, and polymeric zirconium compound (PZC) have been studied to determine their suitability for the preparation of 188 W/ 188 Re generators. − Despite many impressive advances, the promise of developing 188 W/ 188 Re generators using low specific activity 188 W for routine clinical use remains elusive. Probably, the electrochemical approach is the only alternative to develop clinical scale 188 W/ 188 Re generators using medium to low specific activity 188 W, which can be produced in medium-flux reactors …”