Studies of blood–brain barrier permeability of gastrodigenin in vitro and in vivo

Mi, Yahui; Mao, Yukang; Cheng, Hui; Ke, Guohan; Liu, Mingping; Fang, Chunping; Wang, Qian

doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2019.104447

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…TEER values were comparable in all cell lines, reaching maximal values of ~ 13–16 Ω cm 2 when measured with an EndOhm chamber. For hCMEC/D3 cells, these low TEER values were comparable to values reported in the literature when using an epithelial Volt-Ohm meter (EVOM) coupled to an EndOhm chamber for TEER measurements [ 43 , 47 ], whereas TEER measurements with chopstick electrodes result in significantly higher values [ 21 , 43 , 48 ]. When TEER was measured with an EndOhm chamber in primary rBCECs, values were in the range of 80–140 Ω cm 2 (Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Similarities and differences in the localization, trafficking, and function of P-glycoprotein in MDR1-EGFP-transduced rat versus human brain capillary endothelial cell lines

Gericke¹,

Borsdorf²,

Wienböker³

et al. 2021

Fluids Barriers CNS

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Background In vitro models based on brain capillary endothelial cells (BCECs) are among the most versatile tools in blood–brain barrier research for testing drug penetration into the brain and how this is affected by efflux transporters such as P-glycoprotein (Pgp). However, compared to freshly isolated brain capillaries or primary BCECs, the expression of Pgp in immortalized BCEC lines is markedly lower, which prompted us previously to transduce the widely used human BCEC line hCMEC/D3 with a doxycycline-inducible MDR1-EGFP fusion plasmid. The EGFP-labeled Pgp in these cells allows studying the localization and trafficking of the transporter and how these processes are affected by drug exposure. Here we used this strategy for the rat BCEC line RBE4 and performed a face-to-face comparison of RBE4 and hCMEC/D3 wild-type (WT) and MDR1-EGFP transduced cells. Methods MDR1-EGFP-transduced variants were derived from WT cells by lentiviral transduction, using an MDR1-linker-EGFP vector. Localization, trafficking, and function of Pgp were compared in WT and MDR1-EGFP transduced cell lines. Primary cultures of rat BCECs and freshly isolated rat brain capillaries were used for comparison. Results All cells exhibited typical BCEC morphology. However, significant differences were observed in the localization of Pgp in that RBE4-MDR1-EGFP cells expressed Pgp primarily at the plasma membrane, whereas in hCMEC/D3 cells, the Pgp-EGFP fusion protein was visible both at the plasma membrane and in endolysosomal vesicles. Exposure to doxorubicin increased the number of Pgp-EGFP-positive endolysosomes, indicating a lysosomotropic effect. Furthermore, lysosomal trapping of doxorubicin was observed, likely contributing to the protection of the cell nucleus from damage. In cocultures of WT and MDR1-EGFP transduced cells, intercellular Pgp-EGFP trafficking was observed in RBE4 cells as previously reported for hCMEC/D3 cells. Compared to WT cells, the MDR1-EGFP transduced cells exhibited a significantly higher expression and function of Pgp. However, the junctional tightness of WT and MDR1-EGFP transduced RBE4 and hCMEC/D3 cells was markedly lower than that of primary BCECs, excluding the use of the cell lines for studying vectorial drug transport. Conclusions The present data indicate that MDR1-EGFP transduced RBE4 cells are an interesting tool to study the biogenesis of lysosomes and Pgp-mediated lysosomal drug trapping in response to chemotherapeutic agents and other compounds at the level of the blood–brain barrier.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Similarities and differences in the localization, trafficking, and function of P-glycoprotein in MDR1-EGFP-transduced rat versus human brain capillary endothelial cell lines

Gericke¹,

Borsdorf²,

Wienböker³

et al. 2021

Fluids Barriers CNS

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“…Previous studies have shown that the BBB structure is formed under this TEER value. [53][54][55] It has also been reported that a higher TEER value can be obtained by co-culturing with other cells, such as astrocytes, which can increase the TEER value to approximately 40 U cm 2.56 The successful release of pDNA by the gene delivery system in glioma cells is very important to improve gene transfection. In order to improve the gene transfection efficiency, the reduction-sensitive material (ss)373 NPs with disulde bonds was selected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A brain glioma gene delivery strategy by angiopep-2 and TAT-modified magnetic lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles

et al. 2020

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“…Measurements were performed in quadruplicate. The apparent permeability coefficients ( P app , from AP to BL) was calculated as follows: P app = (Δ C /Δ t )/( C 0 A ), where Δ C /Δ t represents the change in fluorescence intensities over time, C 0 is the initial fluorescence intensities in the AP of the inserts, and A is 1.12 cm 2 (Mi et al, 2019).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Citral alleviates peptidoglycan‐induced inflammation and disruption of barrier functions in porcine intestinal epithelial cells

Chen

et al. 2021

Journal Cellular Physiology

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Peptidoglycan (PGN) is a major polymer in bacterial cell walls and may constrain gut functionality and lower intestinal efficiencies in livestock. Citral has been reported to exhibit antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory biological activities, improving the gastrointestinal function of swine. However, the protective effect of citral against PGN‐elicited cellular responses and possible underlying mechanisms are unknown. In this study, the porcine jejunal epithelial cell line (IPEC‐J2) was challenged with PGN from Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) or Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) to explore PGN‐induced inflammatory responses. Our data showed that the inflammatory response stimulated by PGN from harmful bacteria (S. aureus) was more potent than that from commensal bacteria (B. subtilis) in IPEC‐J2 cells. Based on the inflammatory model by PGN from S. aureus, it was demonstrated that PGN could significantly induce inflammatory cytokine production and influence nutrient absorption and barrier function in a dose‐dependent manner. However, the PGN‐mediated immune responses were remarkably suppressed by citral. In addition, citral significantly attenuated the effect of PGN on the intestine nutrient absorption and barrier function. The expression of TLR2 was strongly induced by PGN stimulation, which was suppressed by citral. All data nominated that citral downregulated PGN‐induced inflammation via TLR2‐mediated activation of the NF‐κB signaling pathway in IPEC‐J2 cells. Furthermore, the results also indicate that the PGN degradation through the inclusion of enzymes (e.g., muramidase) as well as the inclusion of citral for attenuating inflammation may improve pig gut health and functionality.

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Studies of blood–brain barrier permeability of gastrodigenin in vitro and in vivo

Cited by 16 publications

References 28 publications

Similarities and differences in the localization, trafficking, and function of P-glycoprotein in MDR1-EGFP-transduced rat versus human brain capillary endothelial cell lines

Similarities and differences in the localization, trafficking, and function of P-glycoprotein in MDR1-EGFP-transduced rat versus human brain capillary endothelial cell lines

A brain glioma gene delivery strategy by angiopep-2 and TAT-modified magnetic lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles

Citral alleviates peptidoglycan‐induced inflammation and disruption of barrier functions in porcine intestinal epithelial cells

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