Studies of bacteriophage P2 DNA replication: localization of the cleavage site of the A protein

Liu, Yuanfang; Haggård‐Ljungquist, Elisabeth

doi:10.1093/nar/22.24.5204

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The sequence continues with ORFs identified as DNA replication proteins, particularly gene A, encoding gpA, which initiates replication by inducing a single-stranded cut at the origin of replication (ori) (5=-GCGCCTCGGAGTCCTGTCAA-3=) (Fig. 3) (27). Finally, we found the cdt operons (C, B, and A), which appeared downstream from gene A and upstream from cosR, at the right cohesive end of the phage genome.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Evolution of a Self-Inducible Cytolethal Distending Toxin Type V-Encoding Bacteriophage from Escherichia coli O157:H7 to Shigella sonnei

Allué-Guardia

Imamovic

Muniesa

2013

J Virol

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Some cdt genes are located within the genome of inducible or cryptic bacteriophages, but there is little information about the mechanisms of cdt transfer because of the reduced number of inducible Cdt phages described. In this study, a new self-inducible Myoviridae Cdt phage (⌽AA91) was isolated from a nonclinical O157:H7 Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli strain and was used to lysogenize a cdt-negative strain of Shigella sonnei. We found that the phage induced from S. sonnei (⌽AA91-ss) was not identical to the original phage. ⌽AA91-ss was used to infect a collection of 57 bacterial strains, was infectious in 59.6% of the strains, and was able to lysogenize 22.8% of them. The complete sequence of ⌽AA91-ss showed a 33,628-bp genome with characteristics of a P2-like phage with the cdt operon located near the cosR site. We found an IS21 element composed of two open reading frames inserted within the cox gene of the phage, causing gene truncation. Truncation of cox does not affect lytic induction but could contribute to phage recombination and generation of lysogens. The IS21 element was not present in the ⌽AA91 phage from E. coli, but it was incorporated into the phage genome after its transduction in Shigella. This study shows empirically the evolution of temperate bacteriophages carrying virulence genes after infecting a new host and the generation of a phage population with better lysogenic abilities that would ultimately lead to the emergence of new pathogenic strains.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 78%

Evolution of a Self-Inducible Cytolethal Distending Toxin Type V-Encoding Bacteriophage from Escherichia coli O157:H7 to Shigella sonnei

Allué-Guardia

Imamovic

Muniesa

2013

J Virol

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“…P2 was shown to provide this 3Ј-OH end by introducing a sequence-specific, single-stranded cut at the replication origin (9), which was located within the coding sequence of the A gene itself (32). Interestingly, in a BLAST 2 alignment with the P2 A gene, the rep gene of K139 was found to be 90% identical to a small region of the A gene (30 bp), which corresponds to the mapped origin of replication in P2.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibrio choleraePhage K139: Complete Genome Sequence and Comparative Genomics of Related Phages

et al. 2002

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In this report, we characterize the complete genome sequence of the temperate phage K139, which morphologically belongs to the Myoviridae phage family (P2 and 186). The prophage genome consists of 33,106 bp, and the overall GC content is 48.9%. Forty-four open reading frames were identified. Homology analysis and motif search were used to assign possible functions for the genes, revealing a close relationship to P2-like phages. By Southern blot screening of a Vibrio cholerae strain collection, two highly K139-related phage sequences were detected in non-O1, non-O139 strains. Combinatorial PCR analysis revealed almost identical genome organizations. One region of variable gene content was identified and sequenced. Additionally, the tail fiber genes were analyzed, leading to the identification of putative host-specific sequence variations. Furthermore, a K139-encoded Dam methyltransferase was characterized.At present, 183 different tailed and 10 filamentous Vibrio phages have been described. On the basis of the morphotypes, the tailed phages were grouped into seven basic forms belonging to the families of tailed phages (Myoviridae, Siphoviridae, and Podoviridae) and the filamentous phages were typed to the Inoviridae family (1). Due to the importance of the filamentous phage CTX for the virulence of Vibrio cholerae, sequencing efforts have been focused mainly on this group of phages (CTX [56], fsl [26], and fs-2 [27]). To our knowledge, K139 is the first tailed vibriophage for which information for the entire sequence is available. K139 was originally isolated from the V. cholerae serogroup O139 (48), which emerged for the first time in 1992 as the causative agent of cholera epidemics (1a). Subsequently, we found that the phage can also be recovered very frequently from various V. cholerae strains of serogroup O1 biotype El Tor. The observation that nonlysogenic O139 strains could not be infected with K139 was confirmed by the identification of the O1 antigen as the primary phage receptor (41). Analysis of the lysogeny-lysis switch genes already indicated a relationship to P2-like phages (40), which belong morphologically to the Myoviridae family. Members of this phage group (Escherichia coli phages P2 and 186 [14], Pseudomonas aeruginosa phage CTX [39], and Haemophilus influenzae phages HP1 [15] and HP2 [direct submission, GenBank accession no. NC_003315]) typically contain approximately 31-to 36-kb double-stranded DNA with single-stranded cohesive ends, but several subgroups, defined by the presence of differently derived genes, exist. For example, HP1 and HP2 contain tail genes different from those of the P2/186/CTX group, whereas CTX differs from all P2-like phages in its content of the early and delayed early genes. The evolution of such mosaic-like phage genomes may result from horizontal exchange of whole functional units (modules) (7) or of smaller units (single genes or gene fragments) acquired from a common gene pool shared by all double-stranded DNA tailed bacteriophages (24).Here we completely sequence...

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“…28 The product of gene A nicks the circular DNA at the replication origin, which lies within the A gene. 29 GpA binds to the 5 0 -phosphate, and allows the 3 0 -hydroxyl to serve as a primer for the leading strand. 30 The product of gene B loads the E. coli dnaB helicase onto the replicating fork.…”

Section: The Dna Replication Modulementioning

confidence: 99%

Bacteriophage P2

Christie

Calendar

2016

Bacteriophage

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Studies of bacteriophage P2 DNA replication: localization of the cleavage site of the A protein

Cited by 21 publications

References 34 publications

Evolution of a Self-Inducible Cytolethal Distending Toxin Type V-Encoding Bacteriophage from Escherichia coli O157:H7 to Shigella sonnei

Evolution of a Self-Inducible Cytolethal Distending Toxin Type V-Encoding Bacteriophage from Escherichia coli O157:H7 to Shigella sonnei

Vibrio choleraePhage K139: Complete Genome Sequence and Comparative Genomics of Related Phages

Bacteriophage P2

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