Studies of 131I, 137Cs and 103Ru in milk, meat and vegetables in North East Scotland following the Chernobyl accident

Martin, C J; Heaton, Brian T.; Robb, Joe

doi:10.1016/0265-931x(88)90080-x

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Greece reported significant fallout of several Chernobyl radionuclides Noting unusual contamination (see Section 1.4.1 below) is important, but it is also evidence of the inadequacy of the available data relevant to Chernobyl contamination: where are comparable data about radioactive Ag-110 m contamination in other countries? Do data not exist because no one has compiled it or because this radioactive Ag contaminated only Greece, Italy, and Scotland (Boccolini et al, 1988;Martin et al, 1988)? 6. ITALY.…”

Section: Other European Countriesmentioning

confidence: 92%

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1. Chernobyl Contamination through Time and Space

Yablokov¹,

Nesterenko²

2009

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Radioactive contamination from the Chernobyl meltdown spread over 40% of Europe (including Austria, Finland, Sweden, Norway, Switzerland, Romania, Great Britain, Germany, Italy, France, Greece, Iceland, Slovenia) and wide territories in Asia (including Turkey, Georgia, Armenia, Emirates, China), northern Africa, and North America. Nearly 400 million people resided in territories that were contaminated with radioactivity at a level higher than 4 kBq/m(2) (0.11 Ci/km(2)) from April to July 1986. Nearly 5 million people (including, more than 1 million children) still live with dangerous levels of radioactive contamination in Belarus, Ukraine, and European Russia. Claims that the Chernobyl radioactive fallout adds "only 2%" to the global radioactive background overshadows the fact that many affected territories had previously dangerously high levels of radiation. Even if the current level is low, there was high irradiation in the first days and weeks after the Chernobyl catastrophe. There is no reasonable explanation for the fact that the International Atomic Energy Agency and the World Health Organization (Chernobyl Forum, 2005) have completely neglected the consequences of radioactive contamination in other countries, which received more than 50% of the Chernobyl radionuclides, and addressed concerns only in Belarus, Ukraine, and European Russia.

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Section: Other European Countriesmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…SCOTLAND. The main radioactive plume passed Scotland between 21:00 and 23:00 hours on May 3, 1986, with the largest concentrations of Te-132, I-132, and I-131 (Martin et al, 1988). 9.…”

Section: Other European Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

1. Chernobyl Contamination through Time and Space

Yablokov¹,

Nesterenko²

2009

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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“…SCOTLAND. The Chernobyl fallout on the evening of May 3 included Te-132, I-132, I-131, Ru-103, Cs-137, Cs-134, and Ba-140/La-140 (Martin et al, 1988).…”

Section: Other Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GREAT BRITAIN (SCOTLAND). On the evening of May 3, one of the Chernobyl clouds contaminated the sea with Te-132/I-132, I-131, Ru-103, Cs-137, Cs-134, and Ba-140/La-140 totaling 7,000 Bq/liter (Martin et al, 1988).…”

Section: Other Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

8. Atmospheric, Water, and Soil Contamination after Chernobyl

Yablokov

Nesterenko²,

Nesterenko³

2009

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Air particulate activity over all of the Northern Hemisphere reached its highest levels since the termination of nuclear weapons testing--sometimes up to 1 million times higher than before the Chernobyl contamination. There were essential changes in the ionic, aerosol, and gas structure of the surface air in the heavily contaminated territories, as measured by electroconductivity and air radiolysis. Many years after the catastrophe aerosols from forest fires have dispersed hundreds of kilometers away. The Chernobyl radionuclides concentrate in sediments, water, plants, and animals, sometimes 100,000 times more than the local background level. The consequences of such a shock on aquatic ecosystems is largely unclear. Secondary contamination of freshwater ecosystems occurs as a result of Cs-137 and Sr-90 washout by the high waters of spring. The speed of vertical migration of different radionuclides in floodplains, lowland moors, peat bogs, etc., is about 2-4 cm/year. As a result of this vertical migration of radionuclides in soil, plants with deep root systems absorb them and carry the ones that are buried to the surface again. This transfer is one of the important mechanisms, observed in recent years, that leads to increased doses of internal irradiation among people in the contaminated territories.

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“…This decrease, after decay correction, was generally called field loss (Milbourn and Taylor, 1965;Scott Russel, 1966;Aarkrog, 1969;Chadwick and Chamberlain, 1970). After the Chernobyl accident, radionuclide concentrations (especially 137 Cs, sometimes 131 I and 103 Ru) in grass were shown to decline with specific half-lives (Martin et al, 1988;Spezzano and Giacomelli, 1991;Muck et al, 1994;Rosen, 1996;Rosen et al, 1996Rosen et al, , 1998.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%