Studies in the sedimentation of the Lower Greensand of the Weald, 1875–1975: a review and commentary

Middlemiss, F. A.

doi:10.1016/s0016-7878(75)80059-9

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…This supports the sedimentary model of Middlemiss (1975) and Allen (1982) for Folkestone Bed times, of a broad shallow strait connecting northern and southern seas in which considerable sediment transport occurred. It is most unlikely that any of the glauconitic material in the Folkestone Beds at the Tollgate locality could have formed in such an active environment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Compositional variations in glauconite

1984

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Variation in composition, Fe3+/Fe2+ ratio, per cent mixed-layering, and d(060) spacing have been determined both between and within grains of glauconite from the Folkestone Beds at 286.5 m in the Tollgate bore, Sandwich, Kent. Grains extracted from the rock were classified on the basis of size into large (> 1 mm) and small (< 1 mm), and on colour into light and dark green. Large grains have a progressive increase in Fe3+/Fe2+ ratio with increase in total iron, while small grains have variable ratios; the largest variation is in the dark grains. The effect of the range of Fe3+/Fe2+ ratio variations on structural formula (e.g. R3+) is discussed. The per cent mixed-layering is not related to colour. There is a greater variation in Al, Fe, and K contents in and between large grains than small grains. Both sizes of grains may be separated on d(060) spacings determined by X-ray diffraction. Glauconite from coral and gastropod casts has different d(060) spacings than that from bryozoan casts and variegated grains, but is similar to the small grains. Large light grains may have developed from small light grains but it is unlikely that the large dark grains developed from small dark grains. The large grains probably all formed under similar conditions, with a common origin; the small from several sources or from a single source under a variety of conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Compositional variations in glauconite

1984

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“…The Lower Greensand Group was deposited around the edge of the London Platform, which lay above or just below sea level in the Lower Cretaceous (Middlemiss 1975). Therefore the…”

Section: The Lower Greensand Aquifermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the evidence of Middlemiss (1975) and Morgan-Jones (1985), southern outcrop or nearoutcrop borehole sources are likely to be abstracting from the Hythe Formation but in the confined area around Slough, in terms of lithology and aquifer properties the LGS is regarded as most similar to the Folkestone Formation, as is the Woburn Sands Formation. However, according to Egerton (1994), hydraulic continuity between individual outcrops of the Woburn Sands and the main LGS in the Slough area remains to be demonstrated.…”

Section: The Lower Greensand Aquifermentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogeochemical indications of regional flow in the Lower Greensand aquifer of the London Basin

Darling¹,

Lewis²

2021

QJEGH

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The Lower Greensand (LGS) forms the second most important aquifer in the London Basin but, being largely absent beneath the city itself, has received much less attention than the ubiquitous overlying Chalk aquifer. While the general directions of groundwater flow in the Chalk are well established, there has been much less certainty about flow in the LGS owing to regionally sparse borehole information. This study focuses on two hitherto uncertain aspects of the confined aquifer: the sources of recharge to the west-central London Basin around Slough, and the fate of LGS water where the aquifer thins out on the flank of the London Platform in the Gravesend–Medway–Sheppey area on the southern side of the basin. The application of hydrogeochemical techniques including environmental isotopes indicates that recharge to the Slough area is derived from the northern LGS outcrop, probably supplemented by downward leakage from the Chalk, while upward leakage from the LGS in North Kent is mixing with Chalk water to the extent that some Chalk boreholes on the Isle of Sheppey are abstracting high proportions of water with an LGS fingerprint. In doing so, this study demonstrates the value of re-examining previously published data from a fresh perspective.Thematic collection: This article is part of the Hydrogeology of Sandstone collection available at: https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/hydrogeology-of-sandstone

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“…Angiosperm-like megafossils have not yet been recognized in Wealden rocks, although megafossil plants are common on many lower horizons, nor have angiosperm-like pollen been found in older Wealden palynofloras (Hughes 1976a(Hughes , 1977 1967). Angiosperm-like pollen reaches its highest concentrations (up to 10 percent in the shallow marine and prodeltaic Atherfield Clay of the overlying Greensand and persists in concentrations somewhat less than 1 percent in overlying marine rocks of Aptian to Albian age (Casey 1961, Kemp 1968, Hughes 1976bMiddlemiss 1976). It is notable that angiosperm-like pollen first appears rarely in the marine-influenced upper portion of a terrestrial sequence well-known for fossil plant remains, is most common in shallow marine prodeltaic sediments, and persists in younger marine rocks.…”

Section: English Coastal Lagoonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleobotany, Paleoecology, and Evolution.

Cronquist

Niklas²

1981

Brittonia

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Harlan P. Banks Probably the most intangible legacy accorded the botanical community is the influence Harlan Banks has had, not only on his own graduate * students, but on the thousands of undergraduate students who were first AN APPRECIATION-HARLAN P. BANKS ix introduced to the world of plants in his excellent general botany course. In this course the students were exposed to an extraordinary teacher who could take any topic and make it spring to life, become interesting, exciting, and truly relevant. Many of these young lives were changed and/or redirected because of Harlan Banks's talent as a teacher and storyteller. In some ways this is his most important contribution-one that has touched all of us who are priviliged to know him. For Harlan Banks is a TEACHER in the finest and best sense of the word. In all aspects of his career, in research, writing papers, and student interactions, Harlan Banks is teaching. He has the talent to hold an audience in the palm of his hand from the moment he begins, whether it is directed to a group of distinguished scholars or to a general botany class. No matter his message-"The Rhyniophytina, Zosterophyllophytina, and Trimerophvllophytina," "The worldwide distribution in the Devonian of toothy cuticles," or "Plants are fun"-he weaves a spell and transmits knowledge, enthu¬ siasm, and motivation. We wish him many more years of continued opportunity to weave such superb spells.

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Studies in the sedimentation of the Lower Greensand of the Weald, 1875–1975: a review and commentary

Cited by 22 publications

References 42 publications

Compositional variations in glauconite

Compositional variations in glauconite

Hydrogeochemical indications of regional flow in the Lower Greensand aquifer of the London Basin

Paleobotany, Paleoecology, and Evolution.

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