Studies in the physiological genetics of some suppressor-sensitive mutants of bacteriophage λ

Brooks, Katherine

doi:10.1016/0042-6822(65)90011-5

Cited by 121 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Working with the Campbell collection of amber mutants, Charles Radding, in 1964, noticed that N Ϫ phage failed to express exonuclease and made the natural but incorrect conclusion that N was the exonuclease structural gene (now called exo) (164). In 1966, however, several laboratories verified that N mutants were pleiotropic and added more phenotypes to the list: N mutants are unable to excise themselves from the bacterial chromosome (53), to replicate normally (20,45), to produce early mRNA (106), or to synthesize phage endolysin (53,158). Protass and Korn (157) concluded that "N may be a regulatory cistron, the protein product of which 'turns on' functions by allowing the initiation of transcription of early cistrons."…”

Section: The Story Of Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Little Lambda, Who Made Thee?

Gottesman

Weisberg

2004

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

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SUMMARY The study of the bacteriophage λ has been critical to the discipline of molecular biology. It was the source of key discoveries in the mechanisms of, among other processes, gene regulation, recombination, and transcription initiation and termination. We trace here the events surrounding these findings and draw on the recollections of the participants. We show how a particular atmosphere of interactions among creative scientists yielded spectacular insights into how living things work.

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Section: The Story Of Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

Little Lambda, Who Made Thee?

Gottesman

Weisberg

2004

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

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“…The cWII gene is transcribed with int, a gene essential for integration of the prophage (21); ci is transcribed with 0 and P, genes required for DNA replication (12). DNA replication promotes lysogeny (22) and repressor synthesis (Reichardt, unpublished). Only after the appearance of repressor is transcription initiated at prm to maintain the low repressor level in a lysogen.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of λ Repressor Synthesis

Reichardt

Kaiser

1971

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

190

114

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The X repressor is the only phage protein needed to maintain immunity (1). By binding two operators, Or and 01 in Fig. 1, this protein directly prevents the transcription of the two early phage operons (2, 3). Consequently, only one operon, that which includes cI the structural gene for repressor (2), is transcribed in the presence of active repressor.Since Eisen et al. (4) (23,24). cro reduces N expression (25) and ci expression.Mutations used in this paper include: V3, vl, and vS3u, which map in Or (2, 11); sex, possibly in Pl, which reduces leftward transcription of N and cIII (26), and X3-and x13-, possibly in Pr, which abolish rightward transcription of cro, cdI, and 0 (27). The DNA deleted in two prophage strains is denoted below the genetic map. 2185

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“…Certain heat shock proteins also participate directly in k development (e.g., DnaJ, DnaK, and GrpE in k replication and GroEL and GroES in morphogenesis) (Friedman et al 1984;Ang et al 1986;Bardwell et al 1986). Efficient replication aids k integration (Brooks 1965); however, the interaction with GroEL and GroES is not easily reconciled as a logical component of the lysogenic pathway. In this case, the phage might be taking advantage of the host protective response for its lytic development.…”

Section: Implications For Phage--host Interactions During K Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of the heat shock response of E. coli through stabilization of sigma 32 by the phage lambda cIII protein.

et al. 1987

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The cIII protein of phage k favors the lysogenic response to infection by inhibiting the degradation of the k cII protein, which exerts the primary control on the developmental decision for lysis or lysogeny. To study the mechanism and scope of cIII-mediated regulation, we have used plasmid systems to examine the specific effect of cIII overproduction on the growth of Escherichia coli and the synthesis of bacterial proteins. We have found that maximal production of cIII prolongs the heat-induced synthesis of E. coli heat shock proteins and provokes elevated production of heat shock proteins even at low temperature. The overproduction of heat shock proteins is correlated with a rapid inhibition of cell growth, as judged by measurements of optical density. We suggest that an overactive heat shock reponse inhibits bacterial growth, either because excessive production of one or more of the proteins is highly deleterious or because only heat shock promoters are transcribed efficiently. To examine the effect of cIII on ~32, the specificity factor for the heat shock response, we have studied the stability of ¢r 32 in cells carrying both cIII-and ¢r32-producing plasmids; the half-life of ¢r 32 is increased fourfold in the presence of cIII. We conclude that overproduction of cIII provokes the heat shock response by increasing the steady-state level of active ¢r 32. These studies also support the concept that the rate of expression of heat shock proteins is directly correlated with the amount of active ¢r 32 and that regulation of the stability of cr 32 may be an important factor for control of the heat shock response.

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Studies in the physiological genetics of some suppressor-sensitive mutants of bacteriophage λ

Cited by 121 publications

References 9 publications

Little Lambda, Who Made Thee?

Little Lambda, Who Made Thee?

Control of λ Repressor Synthesis

Induction of the heat shock response of E. coli through stabilization of sigma 32 by the phage lambda cIII protein.

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