Studies in the Mentality of Literates: 1. Conceptual Structure and Aspects of Visual Perception

Recall Accuracy in Children: Age vs. Conceptual Thinking

“…This finding also addresses the importance of both biological development and interaction with environment. In our study, adults were mainly individuals with at least secondary or higher education; however, it could be expected that in adults with only primary education, features of thought might be similar primary school students (for a discussion about the impact of education on conceptual thinking, see e.g., Toomela et al, 2020). To address this feature of logical thinking, the relationship between reality monitoring categories and Word Meaning Structure Test scores should be further explored.…”

“…Study of novel aspects of the state and development of speech function (1.01.2019-31.12.2021) and European Union European Regional Development Fund 2014-2020…”

“…An important qualitative change in cognitive processes is the ability to think independently about elements of perceived information and to analyze them in abstract form, separately from perceived meaning (for discussion, see Toomela, 2016a ; Toomela et al, 2020 ). This finding also addresses the importance of both biological development and interaction with environment.…”

“…Age and development of conceptual thinking (as measured by the Word Meaning Structure Test; Toomela, 2003 ) are closely related in children (Kask et al, 2019 ). The emergence of logical concepts qualitatively changes cognitive processes by allowing a child to mentally distinguish perceived information, to think independently about elements of perceived information, and to analyze abstract elements separately from perceived meaning (see Toomela, 2016a ; Toomela et al, 2020 ). Those qualitative changes are important assumption for children to provide accurate accounts.…”

“…Features of logical thinking correspond with cognitive abilities said to be crucial for accurate eyewitness accounts (Lindsay and Johnson, 1987 ); namely, perceiving and comprehending the event, retaining representations of the perception, retrieving relevant information, and discriminating accurate details. It has been shown that more dominant logical word meaning structure is related to better visual-spatial abilities (Tammik and Toomela, 2013 ; Toomela et al, 2020 ).…”