Studies in the Classification of the Leptosporangiate Ferns: I. The Affinities of the Polypodiaceae Sensu Stricto and the Grammitidaceae

Jarrett, F. M.

doi:10.2307/4119077

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The Micropolypodium to Asplenium lineage has robust support as a monophyletic group, within which Polypodium (Polypodiaceae) and Micropolypodium (Grammitidaceae) are strongly supported as sister taxa. This finding upholds arguments presented by Jarrett [1980) and runs counter to a hypothesis of a close relationship of polypodioids and grammitidoids with the gleichenioid ferns, which was based primarily on these taxa sharing the exindusiate condition (Bierhorst, 1971;Bower, 1928;Holttum, 1973;Lovis, 1977;Wagner, 1969). This character is hypothesized here to have arisen several times (Table 3; character 52), Likewise, Thelypteris is more closely related to other members of this large, well supported clade, which is in agreement with Mickel [1974], Pichi Sermolli [1977, and Smith (in Kubitzki, 1990), and not to the cyatheoids as was suggested by Holttum (1973) and Lovis (1977).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…The strong bootstrap support for the leptosporangiate clade (including Osmunda] indicates that despite its few eusporangiate-like features, Osmunda is more closely related to leptosporangiate ferns than it is to any other group. Within the gleichenioid ferns (sensu Jarrett, 1980, who included Diplopterygium, Stromatopteris, Cheiropleuria, Dipteris, and Matonia), there is robust support for two subclades, Diplopterygium-Stromatopteris and Cbeiropleuria-Dipteris, How these clades are related to one another and to Matonia is unclear. It is noteworthy that Stromatopteris is indeed a leptosporangiate fern, and did not group with Psilotum in any of the analyses (including morphology alone), which is concordant with the conclusion of Wagner (1977) and counter to Bierhorst (1977b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogenetic Relationships of Extant Ferns Based on Evidence from Morphology and rbcL Sequences

Pryer¹,

Smith²,

Skog³

1995

American Fern Journal

238

134

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We present the first cladistic analysis of extant ferns based on morphological characters. Our data set consisted of 77 vegetative and reproductive morphological/anatomical characters recorded on a broad sampling of 50 extant pteridophyte taxa, with representatives of all major fern groups, and one seed plant [Cycas). An annotated list of both retained and excluded morphological characters is presented. Results from the morphological analysis are compared with an independent analysis oirbcL data carried out here for the same set of pteridophyte taxa. Finally, we analyze a combined (morphological and molecular) data seL All three data sets were analyzed using maximum parsimony. Two separate sets of analyses using different taxon combinations were conducted on each of the three data sets. Analysis 1 focused on phylogenetic relationships of ferns only (Filicopsida, Botrychium, and Angiopteris], using Cycas as an outgroup representative from the seed plants. Analysis 2 focused on phylogenetic relationships of pteridophytes (Filicopsida, Augiopteris, Botrychium, Equisetum, Psilotum], using Lycopodium as the outgroup. In both sets of analyses, the combined data set provided the most robustly supported hypothesis of relationships. Results from the combined data set in Analysis 1 provided strong bootstrap support for the monophyly of the following clades: leptosporangiate ferns (with Osmunda as the most basal leptosporangiate fern), heterosporous ferns, Cheiropleuria-Dipteris, Diplopterygium-Stromatopteris, tree ferns, schizaeoid ferns, pteridoid ferns, and a large clade consisting of a derived group of leptosporangiate ferns that excludes dennstaedtioids and pteridoids. Various smaller clades within some of these larger clades also have strong support. The dennstaedtioid ferns are paraphyletic. We use the results of the combined data set in Analysis 1 to examine character evolution within the leptosporangiate ferns. Results from the combined data set in Analysis 2 indicated robust support for essentially the same fern clades as the combined data set in Analysis 1. In both Analyses 1 and 2, bootstrap support for the leptosporangiate fern clade is much greater using the combined data set than when either the morphological or, particularly, the molecular data set is analyzed separately. Relationships among major groups of pteridophytes at the base of the tree [Botrychium, Angiopteris, Psilotum, Equisetum, Lycopodium) were poorly supported by the combined data in Analysis 2, except for a weak association between Botrychium and Psilotum. We are convinced from this study of the value of using both molecular and morphological data sets in combination as well as separately. A synthetic approach that integrates paleobotanical and neobotanical data will be of greatest interest in further elucidating the phylogenetic relationships of pteridophytes.Our understanding of the phytogeny of pteridophytes has lagged behind the considerable progress made recently in clarifying the phylogenetic relationships of other green plants, especial...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic Relationships of Extant Ferns Based on Evidence from Morphology and rbcL Sequences

Pryer¹,

Smith²,

Skog³

1995

American Fern Journal

238

134

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The fern families Dipteridaceae, Gleicheniaceae, and Matoniaceae (sensu Smith & al., 2006) were long thought to have rather disparate origins within the leptosporangiate ferns (see Smith, 1995, for a review). Jarrett (1980), however, suggested that these families form a natural assemblage and this view was substantiated in part by early single-gene phylogenetic studies that placed representatives from these families as a grade or a clade near the base of the leptosporangiates. A multiple-gene analysis found good BS support for the monophyly of this assemblage, but PP support was lacking.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plastid atpA data provide improved support for deep relationships among ferns

Schuettpelz

Korall

Pryer

2006

TAXON

118

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DNA sequence data and phylogenetic approaches have contributed greatly to our understanding of fern relationships. Nonetheless, the datasets analyzed to date have not been sufficient to definitively resolve all parts of the global fern phylogeny; additional data and more extensive sampling are necessary. Here, we explore the phylogenetic utility of the plastid atpA gene. Using newly designed primers, we obtained atpA sequences for 52 fern and 6 outgroup taxa, and then evaluated the capabilities of atpA relative to four other molecular markers, as well as the contributions of atpA in combined analyses. The five single‐gene datasets differed markedly in the number of variable characters they possessed; and although the relationships resolved in analyses of these datasets were largely congruent, the robustness of the hypotheses varied considerably. The atpA dataset had more variable characters and resulted in a more robustly supported phylogeny than any of the other single gene datasets examined, suggesting that atpA will be exceptionally useful in more extensive studies of fern phylogeny and perhaps also in studies of other plant lineages. When the atpA data were analyzed in combination with the other four markers, an especially robust hypothesis of fern relationships emerged. With the addition of the atpA data, support increased substantially at several nodes; three nodes, which were not well‐supported previously, received both good posterior probability and good bootstrap support in the combined 5‐gene (> 6 kb) analyses.

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“…Jarrett (1980) presented evidence that linked the two more closely with Gleicheniaceae, rather than Polypodiaceae, with which they have usually been allied (Copeland, 1947;Pichi Sermolli, 1977 ; Fig. Jarrett (1980) presented evidence that linked the two more closely with Gleicheniaceae, rather than Polypodiaceae, with which they have usually been allied (Copeland, 1947;Pichi Sermolli, 1977 ; Fig.…”

Section: Hymenophyllaceae-this Family Is Circumscribed Similarly By Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Molecular Phylogenetic Hypotheses for Ferns

Smith¹

1995

American Fern Journal

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Studies in the Classification of the Leptosporangiate Ferns: I. The Affinities of the Polypodiaceae Sensu Stricto and the Grammitidaceae

Cited by 23 publications

References 9 publications

Phylogenetic Relationships of Extant Ferns Based on Evidence from Morphology and rbcL Sequences

Phylogenetic Relationships of Extant Ferns Based on Evidence from Morphology and rbcL Sequences

Plastid atpA data provide improved support for deep relationships among ferns

Non-Molecular Phylogenetic Hypotheses for Ferns

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