Studies in the Biochemistry of Micro-organisms. Part IX.—On the production of Mannitol from glucose by species of
            <i>Aspergillus</i>

doi:10.1098/rstb.1931.0020

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…It is interesting that trehalose and glycogen form the principal destinations of absorbed glucose whereas mannitol is most readily synthesized from fructose. This behaviour contrasts with the formation of mannitol from glucose in various moulds Birkinshaw, Charles, Hetherington and Raistrick, 1931;Coyne and Raistrick, 1931) and in the lichen, Peltigera polydactyla (Smith, 1963); and the formation of trehalose from fructose as well as from glucose in yeast (Trevelyan and Harrison, 1956(2). Results similar to those obtained with the mycorrhizal fungus were found in Aspergillus niger by Obaton (1929Obaton ( , 1930.…”

Section: The Utilization Of Exogenous Sugars By Excised Mycorrhizal Rmentioning

confidence: 88%

Carbohydrate Physiology of Mycorrhizal Roots of Beech

Harley¹

1965

New Phytologist

115

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SUMMARYThe presence of several classes of reducing substances in mycorrhizal roots of beech is demonstrated, throwing considerable doubt on the values of 'easily soluble reducing substances' which have been used for correlation with degree of mycorrhizal infection by several workers. The soluble sugars of beech mycorrhizas are glucose, fructose, sucrose and trehalose, together with the acyclic polyol, mannitol and two cyclic polyols, myo-inositol and an unidentified inositol. Trehalose and mannitol are absent from uninfected roots showing their presence to be dependent on fungal infection. Methods for the individual assay of the soluble carbohydrates are presented. The main sugars obtained by acid hydrolysis of the insoluble residue of mycorrhizas are galactose, glucose, mannose, arabinose, xylose, fucose, ribose, rhamnose and a deoxypentose provisionally identified as deoxyribose. The mannose and deoxypentose polymers are absent from beech tissue and deoxyhexose polymers from the fungus. Much of the glucose is derived from fungal glycogen. Mycorrhizas accumulate principally trehalose and glycogen from exogenous glucose and trehalose, and mannitol from fructose and mannitol. The pattern of synthesis from exogenous sucrose is intermediate between glucose and fructose. The results are compared with those obtained for other fungi by other workers and a possible ecologically significant role for mannitol is suggested.

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Section: The Utilization Of Exogenous Sugars By Excised Mycorrhizal Rmentioning

confidence: 88%

Carbohydrate Physiology of Mycorrhizal Roots of Beech

Harley¹

1965

New Phytologist

115

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“…However, although there was little net change in mannitol, it clearly turns over as it both accumulates and loses isotope; it might actually be the main respiratory substrate in the fungus, its levels maintained by depletion of the arabitol pool. Alternatively, it may function in coenzyme regulation (Birkinshaw et al, 1931;Lewis and Smith, 1967;Dutsch and Rast, 1969). Unlike arabitol and ribitol, its levels are not positively correlated with rates of physiological processes (Farrar, 1976a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ECOLOGICAL PHYSIOLOGY OF THE LICHEN HYPOGYMNIA PHYSODES

Farrar

1976

New Phytologist

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SUMMARY The effect of constant saturation with water upon Hypogymnia physodes for periods of up to 7 days was investigated in either light or dark, at either 20°C (representative of most laboratory experiments on lichen physiology) or 5°C (more representative of field conditions). In all cases the capacity for photosynthesis, phosphate uptake, and total polyol content declined over 7 days; the decline was greater at 20°C than 5°C, and usually greater in the dark than in the light. In general, both alga and fungus reacted similarly to the treatments. Previously fixed 14C mostly remained in the polyol pool during the treatments, with relatively little entering the insoluble fraction. The substantial loss of previously fixed 14C during 7 days saturation was almost entirely from the methanol soluble fraction. Within the insoluble fraction, there was also no loss of 14C during the 7‐day period if protein had been previously labelled with 14C‐leucine. Two other lichens, Xanthoria aureola and Peltigera horizontalis, also showed broadly similar declines to Hypogymnia physodes in various physiological characteristics.

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“…Since the discovery of mannitol and other polyols in micro-organisms they have been considered either to be involved in hydrogen-acceptor mechanisms (Helle & Klungsoeyr, 1962) or to act as reserve carbohydrates (Birkinshaw, Charles, Hetherington & Raistrick, 1931;Lee, 1967). When Aspergillus clavatus is grown in submerged culture with glucose as sole carbon source, mannitol is the predominant carbohydrate product ; lesser amounts of ribitol, glycerol, sorbose and trehalose are also produced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%