Studies in Humans on the Distribution of Mercury in the Blood and the Excretion in Urine after Exposure to Different Mercury Compounds

Lundgren, K. D.; Swensson, A; Ulfvarson, Ulf

doi:10.3109/00365516709076937

Cited by 46 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Fish, however, mainly contains organic mercury, which in the blood primarily binds to erythrocytes and not plasma (29). Thus fish consumption should not contribute to the Pmercury level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Our P-mercury results are in agreement with those for whole blood found by Nilsson & Nilsson (personal communication) and Abraham et al (3) but not with those of Kroncke et al (34). P-mercury was analyzed in the present study because mercury in plasma is supposed to reflect inorganic mercury concentration more correctly than whole blood, since the latter also includes organic mercury, which is mainly present i n erythrocytes (29). The EGSHPx was analyzed to evaluate the availability in the body of selenium for synthesis of selenium-dependent factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mercury, selenium, and glutathione peroxidase in dental personnel

Molin

Marklund

Bergman

et al. 1989

Acta Odontologica Scandinavica

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Eighteen persons, dentists and nurses, with urinary mercury levels higher than the group median value of all dental personnel in the country of Västerbotten were compared with a group consisting of 15 persons with low urinary mercury levels working in the same clinics. A statistically significant difference between the high urinary mercury group and the low urinary mercury group could be seen in the plasma mercury level. In each group a statistically significant relation could be seen between the plasma mercury level and the total number of amalgam surfaces. The two groups did not differ with regard to the levels of plasma selenium and erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase, and no correlation between these two variables and the plasma mercury levels could be found. To evaluate organ functions, a large number of supplementary analyses were performed. These analyses did not indicate any influence on organ functions. Although the persons in the present study were occupationally exposed to mercury, none of the biologic variables analyzed seemed to be affected. Even among dental personnel who handle amalgam professionally the number of amalgam surfaces is a major contributory factor to the P-mercury level.

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“…Fish, however, mainly contains organic mercury, which in the blood primarily binds to erythrocytes and not plasma (29). Thus fish consumption should not contribute to the Pmercury level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mercury, selenium, and glutathione peroxidase in dental personnel

Molin

Marklund

Bergman

et al. 1989

Acta Odontologica Scandinavica

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“…Different groups have presented results of the mercury distribution in human blood after inhalation of mercury vapour (72)(73)(74). The conclusion was that mercury distributes evenly in the blood, e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Exposure from Amalgam Alters the Distribution of Trace Elements in Blood Cells and Plasma

Lindh

Carlmark²,

Grönquist³

et al. 2001

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine

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Twenty-seven consecutive patients with health problems associated with dental amalgam were recruited. In spite of thorough medical examinations, there were no diagnoses available. The patient group was dominated by women. A healthy age- and sex-matched control group with dental amalgams without symptoms was also recruited. Metal level monitoring in plasma and nuclear microscopy of isolated individual blood cells were carried out. Significant increases of copper, iron, zinc and strontium were found in patient plasma. There was no significant difference in plasma selenium between the groups. Mercury was significantly increased in patient plasma, although there was overlap between the groups. In erythrocytes a significant increase in calcium and a significant decrease in magnesium, copper, manganese and zinc were found. Calcium, magnesium, manganese and copper increased in patient neutrophil granulocytes. A significant decrease was found for zinc. A conspicuous finding was the presence of measurable mercury in a few of the cells from the patient but not in the control group. Thus, nuclear microscopy of isolated individual blood cells might provide a better diagnostic tool for metal exposure than blood plasma measurements.

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“…Several other features may effect clinical outcome greater than simple comparison of urine or blood concentrations. The forms of mercury (elemental mercury and the organic and inorganic salts) have critical differences in target organ, toxicokinetics, clinical presentation, and potency [79,80]. Chronicity, allowing distribution into target organs, especially the brain, is important [45].…”

Section: Chelationlimitations Blood and Urine Mercury Changes May Nomentioning

confidence: 99%

Rethinking treatment of mercury poisoning: the roles of selenium, acetylcysteine, and thiol chelators in the treatment of mercury poisoning: a narrative review

Spiller

Hays

Casavant

2021

Toxicology Communications

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We reevaluate the treatment of mercury poisoning, incorporating recent advances in understanding of mercury toxicity and the mercury:selenium interaction. This review focuses on: 1) the role, limitations and benefits of chelation (Unithiol, succimer and N-Acetylcysteine); 2) the role of selenium supplementation; and 3) how the different forms of mercury are impacted by use of chelation and selenium. Unithiol and succimer produce increases in urinary excretion of mercury and to a lesser degree blood and total body mercury. The primary role of N-acetylcysteine is increasing renal mercury excretion, similar to the thiol-chelators. Additional unique features of acetylcysteine include increased efflux of methylmercury from the brain, and reduced oxidative stress via increased glutathione production. The role of selenium includes: 1) restoration of selenoprotein activity, 2) protection against mitochondrial injury and DNA damage, 3) demethylation of methylmercury, 4) sequestering of mercury via Hg:Se complexes, and 5) redistribution of Hg inside organisms. Selenium may increase blood Hg, via a "sink" effect, causing a redistribution of mercury away from the brain. A combined approach for mercury poisoning treatment was developed focusing on restoration of selenoprotein function, reduction of oxidative stress and increased mercury elimination.

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Studies in Humans on the Distribution of Mercury in the Blood and the Excretion in Urine after Exposure to Different Mercury Compounds

Cited by 46 publications

References 5 publications

Mercury, selenium, and glutathione peroxidase in dental personnel

Mercury, selenium, and glutathione peroxidase in dental personnel

Metal Exposure from Amalgam Alters the Distribution of Trace Elements in Blood Cells and Plasma

Rethinking treatment of mercury poisoning: the roles of selenium, acetylcysteine, and thiol chelators in the treatment of mercury poisoning: a narrative review

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