Studies in British Primulas

Valentine, D. H.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1948.tb05095.x

Cited by 33 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Primula elatior (Primulaceae) shows a western and central European distribution range, extending northward to Denmark and eastward to central Asia (Valentine 1948). In Belgium, it is widespread (Van Rompaey and Delvosalle 1979), but the ancient deciduous forests where it occurs have been highly fragmented (Jacquemyn et al 2002).…”

Section: The Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They mainly reproduce by seeds, which do not form a persistent seed bank (Hodgson et al 1995). There is no particular mechanism for seed dispersal (Valentine 1948), and therefore seed dispersal is restricted to short distances. Clonal growth by production of lateral rosettes is restricted to very short distances (Van Rossum and Triest 2006a).…”

Section: The Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conservation of long-lived perennial forest herbs in an urban context: Primula elatior as study case

Rossum

2007

Conserv Genet

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Urban forests are generally fragmented in small isolated remnants, embedded in an inhospitable humanused matrix, and incur strong anthropogenic pressures (recreational activities, artificialization, pollution and eutrophication). These lead to particularly high constraints even for common forest herbs, whose genetic response may depend on life-history traits and population demographic status. This study investigated genetic variation and structure for 20 allozyme loci in 14 populations of Primula elatior, a self-incompatible long-lived perennial herb, occurring in forest fragments of Brussels urban zone (Belgium), in relation to population size and young plants recruitment rate. Urban populations of P. elatior were not genetically depauperate, but the small populations showed reduced allelic richness. Small populations showing high recruitment rates-and therefore potential rejuvenation-revealed lower genetic diversity (H o and H e ) than those with low or no recruitment. No such pattern was observed for the large populations. There was a significant genetic differentiation among populations within forest fragments (F SC = 0.052, P < 0.001), but not between fragments (F CT = 0.002, P > 0.10). These findings suggest restricted gene flow among populations within fragments and local processes (genetic drift, inbreeding) affecting small populations, strengthened when there is recruitment.Urban forest populations of long-lived perennial herbs can be of conservation value. However, restoration of small populations by increasing population size through regeneration by seedling recruitment may lead to negative genetic consequences. Additional management, aiming to restore gene flow among populations, may need to be applied to compensate the loss of genetic diversity and to reduce inbreeding.

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Section: The Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation of long-lived perennial forest herbs in an urban context: Primula elatior as study case

Rossum

2007

Conserv Genet

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“…It is distributed over western and central Europe, extending northward to Denmark and eastward to central Asia (Valentine 1948). In Belgium, it is a common species (van Rompaey and Delvosalle 1979), but it occurs in ancient deciduous forests, which remain as isolated fragments.…”

Section: The Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plants mainly reproduce by seeds. Seeds have no particular mechanism for dispersal (Valentine 1948), and therefore their dispersal is restricted to short distances.…”

Section: The Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluorescent dye particles as pollen analogues for measuring pollen dispersal in an insect-pollinated forest herb

et al. 2010

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In flowering plants, pollen dispersal is often the major contributing component to gene flow, hence a key parameter in conservation genetics and population biology. A cost-effective method to assess pollen dispersal consists of monitoring the dispersal of fluorescent dyes used as pollen analogues. However, few comparisons between dye dispersal and realized pollen dispersal have been performed to validate the method. We investigated pollen dispersal in two small populations of the insect-pollinated herb Primula elatior from urban forest fragments using direct (paternity analyses based on microsatellite DNA markers) and indirect (fluorescent dyes) methods. We compared these methods using two approaches, testing for the difference between the distance distributions of observed dispersal events and estimating parameters of a dispersal model, and related these results to dye dispersal patterns in three large populations. Dye and realized (based on paternity inference) pollen dispersal showed exponential decay distributions, with 74.2-94.8% of the depositions occurring at <50 m and a few longer distance dispersal events (up to 151 m). No significant difference in curve shape was found between dye and realized pollen dispersal distributions. The best-fitting parameters characterizing the dye dispersal model were consistent with those obtained for realized pollen dispersal. Hence, the fluorescent dye method may be considered as reliable to infer realized pollen dispersal for forest herbs such as P. elatior. However, our simulations reveal that large sample sizes are needed to detect moderate differences between dye and realized pollen dispersal patterns because the estimation of dispersal parameters suffers low precision.

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“…elatior is a small perennial rosette plant showing a clear affinity for moist habitats (Whale 1983). Although P. elatior is considered a typical forest plant, it can occasionally be found in meadows outside forests (Valentine 1948;Dierschke 1968). However, in our study area the species occurred almost exclusively in forest habitats.…”

Section: Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patch occupancy, population size and reproductive success of a forest herb (Primula elatior) in a fragmented landscape

2002

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Forest fragmentation is expected to affect patch occupancy patterns, population size and population viability of plant populations through changes in both patch area and isolation. We tested the hypothesis that patch area has had a significant effect on patch occupancy and population size of Primula elatior, a common forest herbaceous plant species in Flanders, Belgium. The hypothesis that plants from small populations have lower fitness as reflected by several characteristics related to reproduction was also tested. Finally, the probability of P. elatior colonizing presently empty patches was investigated. Patch area proved to be the most important factor explaining population size. Patch area, spatial isolation and within-patch habitat characteristics all contributed significantly to the explanation of the distribution pattern of P. elatior. Plants from small populations had a significantly lower individual fitness than plants from large populations. Small populations produced significantly fewer seeds per fruit and per plant than did large populations. Individual seed mass decreased with increasing population size, but total seed mass increased with increasing population size. Plant-to-plant variability in the proportion of flowers setting fruit, number of seeds per fruit and number of seeds per plant decreased with increasing population size. Skewed pin-thrum ratios and lower pollination intensity may explain the reduced fecundity in small populations. Geographical isolation had a significant effect on the probability of P. elatior colonizing empty patches. The results show that patch area and isolation may influence regional persistence of plant populations through altered colonization probabilities and reduced reproductive success of small populations.

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Studies in British Primulas

Cited by 33 publications

References 17 publications

Conservation of long-lived perennial forest herbs in an urban context: Primula elatior as study case

Conservation of long-lived perennial forest herbs in an urban context: Primula elatior as study case

Fluorescent dye particles as pollen analogues for measuring pollen dispersal in an insect-pollinated forest herb

Patch occupancy, population size and reproductive success of a forest herb (Primula elatior) in a fragmented landscape

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