Studien über das „knallen” der alpheiden. Nach untersuchungen an alpheus dentipes guérin und synalpheus laevimanus (Heller)

Volz, Peter

doi:10.1007/bf00408760

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Goal of water jets. As was mentioned by Volz ( 1938) in an early study of Alpheux dentipex and Synalpheitx laevimanus, the snapping sound may merely represent a side effect of the rapid claw closure. Furthermore, auditory organs have not been detected in snapping shrimp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Role of Mechanosensory Stimuli in Intraspecific Agonistic Encounters of the Snapping Shrimp (Alpheus heterochaelis)

Herberholz

Schmitz

1998

The Biological Bulletin

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Intraspecific agonistic encounters in snapping shrimp (Alpheus heterochaelis) were analyzed using single-frame video analysis. The pair of conspecifics in such an encounter are designated as the snapper, which emits a fast water jet by very rapid closure, or snap, of the large modified snapper claw, and the receiver, which is the target of the water jet. The behavior of both snapper and receiver was evaluated before, during, and after the snap. Interactions between two intact shrimp (experimental series I) were compared with those between an intact shrimp and a "deprived" opponent (one with mechanosensory occlusion produced by coating the setae on the snapper claw with clear lacquer) (experimental series II). The behavior of the receiver is significantly changed by the occlusion, but that of the snapper is not. Intact and deprived opponents usually face each other during snapping, which is often preceded by touching of frontal appendages. The mean duration of claw cocking before snapping is about 500 ms. More than 50% of all snaps (and especially initial snaps) are directed towards the opponent, the water jet usually hitting the snapper claw of the receiver from a mean distance of 0.9 cm. Male shrimp show longer cocking durations, keep a shorter distance, and hit their opponents more often than do females. Intact and deprived snappers usually retreat immediately after snapping, but intact receivers usually approach. In contrast, deprived receivers retreat in most cases and show significantly prolonged latencies compared to intact receivers. Thus, mechanoreceptors on the snapper claw of the receiver play a significant role in intraspecific agonistic encounters.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Role of Mechanosensory Stimuli in Intraspecific Agonistic Encounters of the Snapping Shrimp (Alpheus heterochaelis)

Herberholz

Schmitz

1998

The Biological Bulletin

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“…This specialised organ is a multifunctional tool used for various inter- and intraspecific behaviours, such as aggression, warning, or defence, as well as for stunning and killing prey 9, 14 . The functional morphology of the snapping claw has been studied extensively 3, 10, 35 and several physical phenomena associated with snapping, including water jets, light production, and cavitation bubbles have received considerable attention 11, 12, 36 . However, reliable fossil material that would permit studying the evolution of the alpheid snapping claw more comprehensively or to calibrate molecular clock estimates for alpheids in general had previously not been identified.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1d). This results in the displacement of a small volume of water 10 , which is coupled with a loud cracking sound originating from the collapse of a cavitation bubble 11 . Additionally, closure of the snapping claw is accompanied by a short flash of light, a phenomenon known as shrimpoluminescence 12 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive analysis and reinterpretation of Cenozoic mesofossils reveals ancient origin of the snapping claw of alpheid shrimps

Hyžný

Kroh

Ziegler

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Alpheid snapping shrimps (Decapoda: Caridea: Alpheidae) constitute one of the model groups for inferences aimed at understanding the evolution of complex structural, behavioural, and ecological traits among benthic marine invertebrates. Despite being a super-diverse taxon with a broad geographical distribution, the alpheid fossil record is still poorly known. However, data presented herein show that the strongly calcified fingertips of alpheid snapping claws are not uncommon in the fossil record and should be considered a novel type of mesofossil. The Cenozoic remains analysed here represent a compelling structural match with extant species of Alpheus. Based on the presence of several distinct snapping claw-fingertip morphotypes, the major radiation of Alpheus lineages is estimated to have occurred as early as 18 mya. In addition, the oldest fossil record of alpheids in general can now be confirmed for the Late Oligocene (27–28 mya), thus providing a novel minimum age for the entire group as well as the first reliable calibration point for deep phylogenetic inferences.

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“…Most early workers who studied snapping in Alpheus and Synalpheus believed impact of the dactylus (movable finger) on the pollex (fixed finger) caused the snap (e.g., Coutière 1899;Volz 1938;Knowlton and Moulton 1963;Ritzmann 1974). However, dramatic evidence from Alpheus heterochaelis (Versluis et al 2000) revealed that the snap results from implosion of a cavitation bubble caused by water rapidly ejected from a socket in the fixed finger by a plunger (specialized tooth) on the dactylus (Fig.…”

Section: Alpheid Snapping Claws and Morphological Diversitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological Phylogeny of Alpheid Shrimps: Parallel Preadaptation and the Origin of a Key Morphological Innovation, the Snapping Claw

Anker¹,

Ahyong²,

Noël³

et al. 2006

Evolution

121

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Abstract. The Alpheidae-possibly the most diverse family of recent decapod crustaceans-offers attractive opportunities to study the evolution of many intriguing phenomena, including key morphological innovations like spectacular snapping claws, highly specialized body forms, facultative and obligate symbioses with many animal groups, and sophisticated behaviors like eusociality. However, studies of these remarkable adaptations remain hampered by insufficient phylogenetic information. We present the first phylogenetic hypothesis of relationships among 36 extant genera of alpheid shrimps, based on a cladistic analysis of 122 morphological characters from 56 species, and we use this hypothesis to explore evolutionary trends in morphology and species diversity. Our results strongly supported a monophyletic Alpheidae that included two hitherto difficult-to-place genera (Yagerocaris and Pterocaris). Of 35ϩ nodes among genera, all were supported by at least one morphological character (24 were supported by two or more) and 17 received greater than 50% jackknife support. Unfortunately, many basal nodes were only weakly supported. Six genera appeared nonmonophyletic, including the dominant genus Alpheus (paraphyletic due to inclusion of one clade with three minor genera). Evolutionary trends in alpheid claw form shed some revealing light on how key innovations evolve. First, several functionally significant features of the cheliped (claw bearing leg) evolved independently multiple times, including: asymmetry, folding, inverted orientation, sexual dimorphism, adhesive plaques that enhance claw cocking, and tooth-cavity systems on opposing claw fingers, a preadaptation for snapping. Many conspicuous features of alpheid claw form therefore appear prone to parallel evolution. Second, although tooth-cavity systems evolved multiple times, a functional snapping claw, which likely facilitated an explosive radiation of over 550 species, evolved only once (in Synalpheus ϩ [Alpheus ϩ satellite genera]). Third, adhesive plaques (claw cocking aids) also evolved multiple times, and within snapping alpheids are associated with the most diverse clade (Alpheus ϩ derivative genera). This pattern of parallel preadaptation-multiple independent evolutionary origins of precursors (preadaptations) to what ultimately became a key innovation (adaptation)-suggests alpheid shrimp claws are predisposed to develop features like tooth-cavity and adhesive plaque systems for functional or developmental reasons. Such functional/developmental predisposition may facilitate the origin of key innovations. Finally, moderate orbital hoods-anterior projections of the carapace partly or completely covering the eyes-occur in many higher Alpheidae and likely evolved before snapping claws. They are unique among decapod crustaceans, and their elaboration in snapping alpheids suggests they may protect the eyes from the stress of explosive snaps. Thus one key innovation (orbital hoods) may have facilitated evolution of a second (snapping claws).Key words. Alpheidae,...

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Studien über das „knallen” der alpheiden. Nach untersuchungen an alpheus dentipes guérin und synalpheus laevimanus (Heller)

Cited by 15 publications

References 5 publications

Role of Mechanosensory Stimuli in Intraspecific Agonistic Encounters of the Snapping Shrimp (Alpheus heterochaelis)

Role of Mechanosensory Stimuli in Intraspecific Agonistic Encounters of the Snapping Shrimp (Alpheus heterochaelis)

Comprehensive analysis and reinterpretation of Cenozoic mesofossils reveals ancient origin of the snapping claw of alpheid shrimps

Morphological Phylogeny of Alpheid Shrimps: Parallel Preadaptation and the Origin of a Key Morphological Innovation, the Snapping Claw

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