Studi pendahuluan regenerasi eksplan teh sebagai upaya percepatan penyediaan bibit unggul secara in vitro

Abstract

Studi pendahuluan regenerasi eksplan teh sebagai upaya percepatan penyediaan bibit unggul secara in vitroSari. Pembiakan generatif tanaman teh yang dilakukan dengan biji, sementara secara vegetatif dengan setek tunas yang mempunyai kelemahan, antara lain jumlah bibit yang dihasilkan terbatas, perlu waktu lama untuk menyeleksi pohon induk, dan bibit yang dihasilkan kurang optimal dalam penyerapan air dan unsur hara karena perakarannya dangkal sehingga kurang toleran terhadap kekeringan. Kultur jaringan menjadi salah satu alternatif dalam perbanyakan teh memperoleh klon teh unggul, seperti klon Seri Gambung 1-11, dalam jumlah banyak dan sifatnya yang seragam. Penelitian pendahuluan ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Departemen Budidaya Pertanian Fakultas Pertanian UNPAD, mulai bulan Juni hingga Desember 2021. Penelitian terdiri dari dua tahap, yaitu (i) metode deskriptif untuk menginduksi eksplan organ teh (pucuk + ruas batang serta daun), dan (ii) metode eksperimen dengan menguji eksplan yang ditumbuhkan pada berbagai media. Metode percobaan yang digunakan untuk penelitian ke-2 adalah rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 6 kombinasi perlakuan Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) (0 dan 0,5 ppm) dan 2,4-D (0,05; 0,1; dan 0,2 ppm). Hasil pengamatan pendahuluan menunjukkan masih banyak eksplan yang mengalami kematian, namun beberapa eksplan potongan daun menunjukkan respon yang baik dengan mampu membentuk kalus berwarna hijau. Kombinasi 0,5 ppm BAP + 0,05 ppm 2,4-D memberikan pengaruh lebih baik terhadap bobot kalus, sedangkan kombinasi 0,5 ppm BAP + 0,2 ppm 2,4D memberikan pengaruh baik terhadap diameter kalus. Kata kunci : Eksplan teh • In vitro • Klon unggul Preliminary study of tea explant regeneration as an effort to accelerate the supply of superior seeds by in vitroAbstract. Generative propagation of tea plants is done by seed, while the vegetative method is by shoot cuttings which have weaknesses, including the limited number of seedlings produced, it takes a long time to select the mother tree, and the resulting seedlings are not optimal in absorbing water and nutrients because their roots are shallow making it less tolerant of drought. Tissue culture is an alternative in tea propagation to obtain superior tea clones, such as the Gambung Series 1-11 clones, in large quantities and with uniform characteristics. This preliminary research was carried out at the Tissue Culture Laboratory of the Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, UNPAD, from June to December 2021. The research consisted of two stages, namely (i) a descriptive method to induce tea organ explants (shoots + stem segments and leaves), and (ii) an experimental method by testing explants grown on various media. The experimental method used for the second study was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 6 treatment combinations of Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP) (0 and 0.5 ppm) and 2.4 D (0.05; 0.1; and 0 .2 ppm). Preliminary observations showed that there were still many death explants observed, however, some explants in form of cut leaves ...

Response of Rice Somatic Embryogenesis to Exogenous Melatonin About Its Role in Scavenging Reactive Oxygen Species

“…This is because Melatonin plays a role in removing phenolic compounds from tissue pieces that can cause browning. The phenolic compound can appear in the explants that failed to regenerate and then accumulate when there is an injury in explants to become browning (Anjarsari et al, 2022) However, adding Melatonin, the receptors will increase the content of Melatonin endogenous and then induce antioxidant genes such as SOD, CAT, POD, GPX, APX, or even GSH or AsA to become active and play a role in fighting accumulated ROS. (Pardo-Hernández et al, 2020).…”