Students and University in 20th Century Egyptian Politics

Erlich, Haggai

doi:10.4324/9780203988534

Cited by 19 publications

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“…In fact, "USAID/W[ashington]… asked whether project finances funneled through the National Investment Bank in Cairo is consistent with the Mission's support for decentralization.… [And the USAID Mission in Egypt explained that the central] MOE has veto power [over] all decisions as regards school locations, size and types…, 7 Ironically, Sadat was assassinated by a member of one of the Islamist groups (al-Jama'at al-Islamiyya) which Sadat help to spawn from the Muslim Brotherhood in an effort to weaken Nasserist and other Leftist groups in Egypt. The Muslim Brotherhood (al-Ikhwan al-Muslimun) was founded by a school teacher, Hasan al-Banna, in 1928 during Egypt's period of "semi-independence" from Britain (Cochran, 1986;Erlich, 1989). The Brotherhood grew into a militant mass movement focused primarily on ridding Egypt of British colonialism (Ibrahim, 1987;Voll 1994), but also had the goal "to purify Islam and build a political order firmly on the precepts of the Koran" (Williamson, 1987, p. 110).…”

Section: Initial Mubarak Years 1981-1990mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reforming Educational Governance and Management in Egypt: National and International Actors and Dynamics

Ginsburg

Megahed

Elmeski

et al. 2010

EPAA

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This historical case study examines the rhetoric, action, and outcomes of educational policy reforms in Egypt during the first quarter-century of the presidency of Mohamed Hosni Mubarak. The findings are based on an extensive review of Egyptian government, international organization, and project documents as well as interviews with key stakeholders. The study focused on proposed and implemented changes in the organization and distribution of various governance and management functions across school/community, district/idarra, governorate/muddiriya, and national/central levels of the education system. During the period under review Egypt experienced movement though uneven toward increased decentralization, with calls for deconcentration of responsibility in 1981, Ministry of Education actions that restricted local decision-making authority in the 1990s, and some concerted efforts toward delegation and devolution of authority as well as responsibility after 2001. In terms of community participation, during this period there were calls for and actions toward implementing broader and deeper forms and degrees of involvement by parents, civil society, and businesses. We draw on the following concepts to analyze a develop an account of these developments: institutional framework, financial resources, system leaders' capacity and political will, civil society's leaders' capacity and political will, global dynamics, and the role of international organizations. Reformando el gobierno y la administración Educativa en Egipto. Dinámicas y actores Nacionales e Internacionales.Resumen: Este trabajo es un "estudio de casos histórico" que examina la retórica, acciones, y los resultados de las reformas de políticas educativas en Egipto durante el primer cuarto de siglo de la Presidencia de Mohamed Hosni Mubarak. Las conclusiones se basan en una extensa revisión de documentos de proyectos del gobierno egipcio e organizaciones internacionales, así como entrevistas con actores relevantes. El estudio se centró en las propuestas y los cambios implementados en la organización y distribución de funciones de gobierno y de gestión a través de la escuela/ comunidad, distrito (o idarra), en la gobernación (o muddiriya), y los niveles centrales nacionales del sistema educativo. Durante el período analizado, Egipto experimentó movimientos de avance y retroceso, hacia una mayor descentralización, tales como los pedidos de desconcentración de la responsabilidad en 1981, acciones del Ministerio de Educación que restringían la autoridad y toma de decisiones locales en la década de 1990, y algunos esfuerzos concertados para la delegación y descentralización de la autoridad como así como otras responsabilidades después de 2001. En términos de participación comunitaria, durante este período se hicieron llamamientos a favor y acciones para la implementación de formas más amplias y con mayores grados de implicación de padres, la sociedad civil y las empresas. Nos basamos en los siguientes conceptos para analizar y desarrollar una narrativa de estos cam...

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Section: Initial Mubarak Years 1981-1990mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reforming Educational Governance and Management in Egypt: National and International Actors and Dynamics

Ginsburg

Megahed

Elmeski

et al. 2010

EPAA

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“…After the 1973 War, the students' movement refused the State's public policy and the subordination to the political system of the United States of America (Shehata, 2008). In 1977, huge demonstrations exploded in what is known as "bread riots" as a result of the disapproval of Sādāt's policies, rising prices, and declaration of the Camp David Treaty (Erlich, 2005). As usual, the security forces arrested thousands of university students from all political groups at the university (Rūshdy, 1994).…”

Section: Tolbamentioning

confidence: 99%

From Rebellion to Riots

Tolba

2018

RESSAT

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This article aims to explore the phenomenon of political violence at Egyptian universities after the downfall of the Muslim Brotherhood regime on June 30, 2013. It is a critical analysis to identify the underlying causes and factors leading to this excessive violence and its impact on the Egyptian universities. The article drew on qualitative methods by interviewing 16 Muslim Brotherhood students from four public universities. The results indicate that frustration, injustice, the collapse of democracy, and interference of the security in universities played an initial role in the studentsâ€™ violent behaviors. The forms of violence varied from clashes, throwing stones, and destroying university facilities and infrastructure. The effects of violence on the university were large such as, cancelling study several times, eliminating student political and cultural activities, infrastructure losses, and many arrests, injuries and victims between students and staff. Keywords: 30 June events 2013, political violence, Egypt revolution, student protests. G M T Sprache erkennen Afrikaans Albanisch Arabisch Armenisch Aserbaidschanisch Baskisch Bengalisch Bosnisch Bulgarisch Burmesisch Cebuano Chichewa Chinesisch (ver) Chinesisch (trad) DÃ¤nisch Deutsch Englisch Esperanto Estnisch Finnisch FranzÃ¶sisch Galizisch Georgisch Griechisch Gujarati Haitianisch Hausa HebrÃ¤isch Hindi Hmong Igbo Indonesisch Irisch IslÃ¤ndisch Italienisch Japanisch Javanesisch Jiddisch Kannada Kasachisch Katalanisch Khmer Koreanisch Kroatisch Lao Lateinish Lettisch Litauisch Malabarisch Malagasy Malaysisch Maltesisch Maori Marathisch Mazedonisch Mongolisch Nepalesisch NiederlÃ¤ndisch Norwegisch Persisch Polnisch Portugiesisch Punjabi RumÃ¤nisch Russisch Schwedisch Serbisch Sesotho Singhalesisch Slowakisch Slowenisch Somali Spanisch Suaheli Sundanesisch Tadschikisch Tagalog Tamil Telugu ThailÃ¤ndisch Tschechisch TÃ¼rkisch Ukrainisch Ungarisch Urdu Uzbekisch Vietnamesisch Walisisch WeiÃŸrussisch Yoruba Zulu Afrikaans Albanisch Arabisch Armenisch Aserbaidschanisch Baskisch Bengalisch Bosnisch Bulgarisch Burmesisch Cebuano Chichewa Chinesisch (ver) Chinesisch (trad) DÃ¤nisch Deutsch Englisch Esperanto Estnisch Finnisch FranzÃ¶sisch Galizisch Georgisch Griechisch Gujarati Haitianisch Hausa HebrÃ¤isch Hindi Hmong Igbo Indonesisch Irisch IslÃ¤ndisch Italienisch Japanisch Javanesisch Jiddisch Kannada Kasachisch Katalanisch Khmer Koreanisch Kroatisch Lao Lateinish Lettisch Litauisch Malabarisch Malagasy Malaysisch Maltesisch Maori Marathisch Mazedonisch Mongolisch Nepalesisch NiederlÃ¤ndisch Norwegisch Persisch Polnisch Portugiesisch Punjabi RumÃ¤nisch Russisch Schwedisch Serbisch Sesotho Singhalesisch Slowakisch Slowenisch Somali Spanisch Suaheli Sundanesisch Tadschikisch Tagalog Tamil Telugu ThailÃ¤ndisch Tschechisch TÃ¼rkisch Ukrainisch Ungarisch Urdu Uzbekisch Vietnamesisch Walisisch WeiÃŸrussisch Yoruba Zulu Die Sound-Funktion ist auf 200 Zeichen begrenzt Optionen : Geschichte : Feedback : Donate SchlieÃŸen

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“…The call for a “popular liberation war” proved an emotive rallying cry in Egypt, where, according to Fatah sources, at least “20,000 Egyptian students and former soldiers” sought to join it in this endeavor (Sayigh 1999:181). The new president, Anwar Sadat, needless to say, was not sympathetic to the idea and promised to launch his own war to recover the lost territories in the face of growing societal protest, mainly from students, through 1972 (Haykal 1975, 1983; Shukri 1981; Abdella 1983; Erlich 1989).…”

Section: –1973mentioning

confidence: 99%

The “Camp David Consensus”: Ideas, Intellectuals, and the Division of Labor in Egypt’s Foreign Policy toward Israel1

Stein

2011

International Studies Quarterly

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This paper explores the nature, background, and evolution of the “Camp David consensus.” Under this consensus, Egyptian intellectuals and political movements broadly accept that the Egyptian regime must deal constructively and “correctly” with Israel as a state, but insist that society has the right and responsibility to resist Zionism. The consensus rests on particular ways of understanding Israel, and the nature of the Arab‐Israeli conflict, that can be traced back to the formative years of the Egyptian republic under Nasser. This has served the interests of both regimes and opposition movements and in this sense represents a “double instrumentalization” of foreign policy. The paper, which examines a range of regime and intellectual pronouncements during the Nasser and Sadat periods, as well as more recently, challenges the growing use within International Relations, particularly in the Middle East context, of the concept of “identity” to explain state behavior.

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Students and University in 20th Century Egyptian Politics

Cited by 19 publications

References 0 publications

Reforming Educational Governance and Management in Egypt: National and International Actors and Dynamics

Reforming Educational Governance and Management in Egypt: National and International Actors and Dynamics

From Rebellion to Riots

The “Camp David Consensus”: Ideas, Intellectuals, and the Division of Labor in Egypt’s Foreign Policy toward Israel1

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