“…The focus in phenomenographic analysis is on eliciting the collective meaning and revealing variation in how the phenomenon is experienced. It is considered important that the collective conceptions of all the interviews are considered (Gabriel, 2021); this involves selecting, comparing, and grouping significant statements within the interview transcripts, gradually shifting from individual transcripts to constructing a collective pool which brings together all the differing understandings of the phenomenon (Watson & Reimann, 2021). As all transcripts are brought together, the final categories of description do not necessarily represent individual respondents but instead are related to what is known as the ‘pool of meanings’ (Marton, 1988).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Phenomenography rejects these opposing dualist views of an outer world (objectivism) and an inner world (subjectivism); instead, it upholds a non‐dualistic ontology, asserting that these worlds are related through an individual's awareness of the world and their experience of it (McClenny, 2020). Put simply this means that the object and subject cannot be separated, there is only one world, but people will experience it differently and cannot be seen as separate from their experiences (Watson & Reimann, 2021). Ontologically the phenomenographic researcher accepts that there is more than one way of experiencing the world, which can be understood through an individual's awareness (Rolls, 2023); the phenomenographer seeks to describe and map these variations in understanding with the key assumption being that individual experiences will be logically related when the phenomena they experience are the same (Åkerlind, 2012).…”
Section: Philosophical and Theoretical Underpinningsmentioning
AimsTo outline the theoretical, philosophical, and major assumptions associated with phenomenography and then address the application of a phenomenographical approach within the context of midwifery research.BackgroundPhenemonography is a little‐known qualitative research approach amongst the main design traditions of phenomenology, grounded theory, case study, and ethnography more typically used within midwifery research. Phenomenography aims to describe the qualitatively different ways that people perceive, conceptualize, or experience a phenomenon. Phenemonography has a distinctly different approach from other qualitative methods as it places emphasis on the ‘collective’ meaning over individual experience.MethodologyPhenomenography, as an approach, rests within the interpretivist paradigm recognizing that there are multiple interpretations of reality. Phenomenography emphasizes the various ways that people experience the same phenomenon, including both the similarities and differences. The second‐order perspective embraced by phenomenography suggests that the researcher directs themselves towards people's understanding of the world; essentially the world is described as it is understood rather than as it is. It is the reporting about how these different realities appear at a collective level that is the output of phenomenographic research.FindingsA framework for conducting phenomenographic research is illustrated by outlining the steps within the methodological approach required to undertake a research study using phenemonography.ConclusionPhenomenography is a qualitative research approach that can usefully be applied in many midwifery contexts where a collective understanding of a phenomena is required. Using a phenomenographic approach can provide the midwifery profession with knowledge about variations in how women and midwives think, and how aspects of different phenomena are experienced in within a midwifery setting.
“…The focus in phenomenographic analysis is on eliciting the collective meaning and revealing variation in how the phenomenon is experienced. It is considered important that the collective conceptions of all the interviews are considered (Gabriel, 2021); this involves selecting, comparing, and grouping significant statements within the interview transcripts, gradually shifting from individual transcripts to constructing a collective pool which brings together all the differing understandings of the phenomenon (Watson & Reimann, 2021). As all transcripts are brought together, the final categories of description do not necessarily represent individual respondents but instead are related to what is known as the ‘pool of meanings’ (Marton, 1988).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Phenomenography rejects these opposing dualist views of an outer world (objectivism) and an inner world (subjectivism); instead, it upholds a non‐dualistic ontology, asserting that these worlds are related through an individual's awareness of the world and their experience of it (McClenny, 2020). Put simply this means that the object and subject cannot be separated, there is only one world, but people will experience it differently and cannot be seen as separate from their experiences (Watson & Reimann, 2021). Ontologically the phenomenographic researcher accepts that there is more than one way of experiencing the world, which can be understood through an individual's awareness (Rolls, 2023); the phenomenographer seeks to describe and map these variations in understanding with the key assumption being that individual experiences will be logically related when the phenomena they experience are the same (Åkerlind, 2012).…”
Section: Philosophical and Theoretical Underpinningsmentioning
AimsTo outline the theoretical, philosophical, and major assumptions associated with phenomenography and then address the application of a phenomenographical approach within the context of midwifery research.BackgroundPhenemonography is a little‐known qualitative research approach amongst the main design traditions of phenomenology, grounded theory, case study, and ethnography more typically used within midwifery research. Phenomenography aims to describe the qualitatively different ways that people perceive, conceptualize, or experience a phenomenon. Phenemonography has a distinctly different approach from other qualitative methods as it places emphasis on the ‘collective’ meaning over individual experience.MethodologyPhenomenography, as an approach, rests within the interpretivist paradigm recognizing that there are multiple interpretations of reality. Phenomenography emphasizes the various ways that people experience the same phenomenon, including both the similarities and differences. The second‐order perspective embraced by phenomenography suggests that the researcher directs themselves towards people's understanding of the world; essentially the world is described as it is understood rather than as it is. It is the reporting about how these different realities appear at a collective level that is the output of phenomenographic research.FindingsA framework for conducting phenomenographic research is illustrated by outlining the steps within the methodological approach required to undertake a research study using phenemonography.ConclusionPhenomenography is a qualitative research approach that can usefully be applied in many midwifery contexts where a collective understanding of a phenomena is required. Using a phenomenographic approach can provide the midwifery profession with knowledge about variations in how women and midwives think, and how aspects of different phenomena are experienced in within a midwifery setting.
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