Present theoretical and experimental work provides an in-depth understanding of the morphological, structural, electronic, and optical properties of hexagonal and monoclinic polymorphs of BiPO 4 . Herein, we demonstrate how microwave irradiation induces the transformation of the hexagonal to a monoclinic phase one in a short period of time and thus, the photocatalytic performance of BiPO 4 . To complement and rationalize the experimental results, first-principle calculations have been performed within the framework of the density functional theory. This was aimed at obtaining the geometric, energetic and structural parameters as well as vibrational frequencies; further, electronic properties (band structure diagram and density of states) of the bulk and the corresponding surfaces of both hexagonal and monoclinic surfaces of BiPO 4 were also acquired. A detailed characterization of the low vibrational modes of both hexagonal and monoclinic polymorphs is key in explaining the irreversible phase transformation from hexagonal to monoclinic. Based on the calculated values of the surface energies, a map of the available morphologies of both phases was obtained by using the Wulff construction and compared with the observed SEM images. The BiPO 4 crystals obtained after 16-32 min of microwave irradiation provided excellent photodegradation of Rhodamine B under visible light irradiation. This enhancement was found to be related to the surface energy and the types of clusters formed on the exposed surfaces of the morphology. These findings provide details of the 3 hexagonal to monoclinic phase transition in BiPO 4 during microwave irradiation; further, the results will assist in designing electronic devices with higher efficiency and reliability.