Structured Illumination Imaging

Phytos: a portable goniometer forin situspectro-directional measurements of leaves

“…Spatial, angular, and spectral uniformity were assessed, along with the efficiency, using two common metrics (contrast ratio and average deviation) and a new approach based on the KLD. The KLD produces a relative value consistent with the average deviation but is compatible with with a range of other applications including: beam shaping [29] and profiling [30]; modal noise characterisation [31,32]; as well as structured illumination and projection [33][34][35]. The KLD therefore presents a broadly applicable metric with great potential for the general assessment of illumination quality.…”

Super-resolution and optical sectioning integrated structured illumination microscopy

“…To simulate the raw images for OS-SIM, SR-SIM, and iSIM, a 3D sample (i.e., a 3D pollen bead, with volume 20 × 20 × 5 µm 3 ) was used. The top surface of the pollen, with a height range of 4-5 µm, was multiplied by the structured illumination patterns of each imaging mode, where those areas with heights from 0-4 µm are blurred using a wellestablished blurring algorithm (a graduate blur model published in [27], by means of which the contrast of the image decays with distance from the illumination/in-focus section). Next, the obtained image was convoluted, using a simulated PSF in terms of a 3D Gaussian function, so that the raw images of different modes could be obtained.…”