Structure Tuning and Electrical Properties of Mixed PVDF and Nylon Nanofibers

Černohorský, Petr; Pisarenko, Tatiana; Papěž, Nikola; Sobola, Dinara; Ţălu, Ștefan; Částková, Klára; Kaštyl, Jaroslav; Macků, Robert; Škarvada, Pavel; Sedlák, Petr

doi:10.3390/ma14206096

Cited by 19 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…The PVDF polymer (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) with molecular weight of 275,000 g/mol was dissolved in DMSO/AC (dimethylsulfoxide/acetone) solvent in a 7:3 volume ratio to create 20% polymer solution, based on our previous studies [ 1 , 5 ]. The PVDF fibers were electrospun using Contripro 4SPIN machine (Contipro, Dolní Dobrouč, the Czech Republic).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays, nanofibers development, production and their properties characterization are of high interest among scientists [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ], health doctors [ 4 , 7 , 8 , 9 ], and even between general public thanks to coronavirus pandemic situation (causing COVID-19 illness) and use of nanofibers in face masks [ 10 , 11 ] to prevent health of each individual. Another great use of fibers can be for energy harvesting or as sensors from fiber mats as the fibers are from piezoelectric material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the PVDF fibers are piezoelectric, they should also be characterized for piezoelectric charge coefficient (often abbreviated as

coefficient), relative permittivity, and dielectric loss as the most important piezoelectric properties. Taking into account that these analyzes have already been published [ 1 , 2 , 5 ], and also to keep this article clear, we have focused on other methods in this study and we do not mention piezoelectric properties here.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comprehensive Characterization of PVDF Nanofibers at Macro- and Nanolevel

et al. 2022

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This study is focused on the characterization and investigation of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofibers from the point of view of macro- and nanometer level. The fibers were produced using electrostatic spinning process in air. Two types of fibers were produced since the collector speed ( 300rpm and 2000rpm) differed as the only one processing parameter. Differences in fiber’s properties were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with cross-sections observation utilizing focused ion beam (FIB). The phase composition was determined by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. The crystallinity was determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and chemical analysis of fiber’s surfaces and bonding states were studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Other methods, such as atomic force microscopy (AFM) and piezoelectric force microscopy (PFM), were employed to describe morphology and piezoelectric response of single fiber, respectively. Moreover, the wetting behavior (hydrophobicity or hydrophilicity) was also studied. It was found that collector speed significantly affects fibers alignment and wettability (directionally ordered fibers produced at 2000rpm almost super-hydrophobic in comparison with disordered fibers spun at 300rpm with hydrophilic behavior) as properties at macrolevel. However, it was confirmed that these differences at the macrolevel are closely connected and originate from nanolevel attributes. The study of single individual fibers revealed some protrusions on the fiber’s surface, and fibers spun at 300rpm had a core-shell design, while fibers spun at 2000rpm were hollow.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the PVDF fibers are piezoelectric, they should also be characterized for piezoelectric charge coefficient (often abbreviated as

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comprehensive Characterization of PVDF Nanofibers at Macro- and Nanolevel

et al. 2022

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“…(DMSO, Sigma Aldrich), acetone p.a. (Ac, Sigma Aldrich), acetic acid (AA, Penta, Bratislava, Slovakia), and formic acid (FA, Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) were used for polymers solutions preparation [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 38 , 39 ]. For PVDF solutions, solvents DMSO and Ac were mixed in a volume ratio 7:3.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the most used fabrication techniques for the preparation of fibrous structures, which can be used as tribomaterials, is electrospinning [ 18 , 19 , 20 ]. During the electrospinning, a polymer solution is ejected from a needle tip by applying a high voltage between the needle and a grounded collector, as illustrated in Figure 1 b.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triboelectric Response of Electrospun Stratified PVDF and PA Structures

et al. 2022

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Utilizing the triboelectric effect of the fibrous structure, a very low cost and straightforward sensor or an energy harvester can be obtained. A device of this kind can be flexible and, moreover, it can exhibit a better output performance than a device based on the piezoelectric effect. This study is concerned with comparing the properties of triboelectric devices prepared from polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) fibers, polyamide 6 (PA) fibers, and fibrous structures consisting of a combination of these two materials. Four types of fibrous structures were prepared, and then their potential for use in triboelectric devices was tested. Namely, individual fibrous mats of (i) PVDF and (ii) PA fibers, and their combination—(iii) PVDF and PA fibers intertwined together. Finally, the fourth kind was (iv), a stratified three-layer structure, where the middle layer from PVDF and PA intertwined fibers was covered by PVDF fibrous layer on one side and by PA fibrous layer on the opposite side. Dielectric properties were examined and the triboelectric response was investigated in a simple triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) of individual or combined (i–iv) fibrous structures. The highest triboelectric output voltage was observed for the stratified three-layer structure (the structure of iv type) consisting of PVDF and PA individual and intertwined fibrous layers. This TENG generated 3.5 at peak of amplitude at 6 of excitation frequency and was most sensitive at the excitation signal. The second highest triboelectric response was observed for the individual PVDF fibrous mat, generating 2.8 at peak at the same excitation frequency. The uniqueness of this work lies in the dielectric and triboelectric evaluation of the fibrous structures, where the materials PA and PVDF were electrospun simultaneously with two needles and thus created a fibrous composite. The structures showed a more effective triboelectric response compared to the fibrous structure electrospun by one needle.

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Broadband electrical conductivity of metal/carbon nanotubes polyamide 6 composites fabricated by reactive encapsulation

Oliveira,

Ezquerra,

Denchev

2024

J Mater Sci

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This is the first broadband dielectric spectroscopy study on the temperature- and frequency-dependent electrical conductivity of polyamide 6 (PA6) composites containing both metal microparticles (Al, Fe, or Cu) and carbon nanotubes (CNT). The dually reinforced PA6 hybrids are prepared through compression molding of metal- and CNT-loaded microparticles (MP). These MP are synthesized by activated anionic ring-opening polymerization (AAROP) of ε-caprolactam in suspension, carried out in the presence of the micron-sized metal powders and the nanosized CNT fillers, with a combined load of up to 10 wt%. The good dispersion of the two loads by the AAROP strategy results in a notable increase in the electrical conductivity by up to 11 orders of magnitude. Moreover, the frequency-dependent behavior of the measured conductivity obeys the so-called universal dynamic response. This response involves a direct current (d.c.) electrical conductivity ($${\sigma }_{{\text{dc}}}$$ σ dc ) observed beyond a critical frequency, $${F}_{{\text{c}}}$$ F c , followed by a power-law response characterized by an exponent s, which fluctuates between 0.11 and 0.43. The $${\sigma }_{{\text{dc}}}$$ σ dc of the binary composites spans from 1.42 $$\times$$ × 10−5 to 1.63 $$\times$$ × 10−2 S/cm, this increase being attributed to the synergetic effect between CNT and the metal particles that contribute to the carrier mobility within the conductive network. Graphical Abstract

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Structure Tuning and Electrical Properties of Mixed PVDF and Nylon Nanofibers

Cited by 19 publications

References 30 publications

Comprehensive Characterization of PVDF Nanofibers at Macro- and Nanolevel

Comprehensive Characterization of PVDF Nanofibers at Macro- and Nanolevel

Triboelectric Response of Electrospun Stratified PVDF and PA Structures

Broadband electrical conductivity of metal/carbon nanotubes polyamide 6 composites fabricated by reactive encapsulation

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