Structure, processing, morphology, and property relationships of biaxially drawn Ziegler–Natta/metallocene isotactic polypropylene film

Phillips, Robert; Nguyen, Tinh

doi:10.1002/app.1347

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Correlations have been observed between lab tenter frame drawing forces and orientation [14,15]. The final drawing forces were similar between the 5 Â 8 draw film and 6 Â 6 film stretched with a 5 m/min TD speed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Drawing Forces and Film Properties in Semi-Sequentially Stretched Polypropylene

McLeod

2006

Journal of Plastic Film & Sheeting

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The relationship between biaxial stretching and oriented polypropylene film properties is studied. Initial films have been made with a 6 Â 6 areal draw ratio (ADR) while reducing the transverse direction (TD) drawing speed and maintaining the machine direction (MD) speed. Slowing the TD speed increases the final TD drawing force and produces anisotropic film shrinkage. Varying the draw ratios in both directions creates anisotropic tensile properties. By changing both drawing speeds and draw ratios, films with similar shrinkage but differing tensile properties have been made.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Drawing Forces and Film Properties in Semi-Sequentially Stretched Polypropylene

McLeod

2006

Journal of Plastic Film & Sheeting

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“…Several studies have focused on the effect of processing conditions or further treatment on the structure of PP films . The change and relationships of structure, surface morphology, and properties of biaxially oriented films or blown films are also widely discussed . But as we known, fewer researches are about the cast‐extruded processing, and rare research is about the influence of chill roll temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of processing on the phase transition and crystallization of polypropylene cast films

Zhang

et al. 2014

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Phase transition and changes of properties of isotactic polypropylene (i‐PP) cast films with the processing conditions have been investigated by wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, two‐dimensional small‐angle X‐ray scattering, and atomic force microscopy. It was found that chill roll temperature was a major factor, which influenced the formation of mesomorphic phase and its transition to spherulitic structure. Only mesomorphic phase was observed in the films produced under a chill roll temperature of below 40°C. When the roll temperature was increased to 60°C, mesomorphic phase coexisted with spherulitic crystal structure, and totally transformed to monoclinic structure at the roll temperature of 80°C. Differential scanning calorimetry, tensile, and optical tests were also performed on the films. The results showed that the observed structure changes were closely related to the thermal behavior, tensile, and optical properties of the PP films. The influence of die temperature on the films was also discussed, but the effect was much less than chill roll temperature. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 41100.

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“…Although Koike et al made a report on the change of PP crystal structure during the uniaxial stretching observed by the birefringence technique 15) and Phillips et al made a report on the relationship between the stretching stress and the change of morphology of the PP sheet 16) , no information related to the surface structure was reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various studies have reported on the change of the crystal structure during the stretching process [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crater formation mechanism on the surface of a biaxially oriented polypropylene film

Tamura¹,

Takino

Yamada

et al. 2012

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP) films are used in a variety of areas around the world. They are especially suited for food packaging and industrial usages due to their high productivity. Many studies on stretchability regarding crystal structure changes have been reported by various researchers, since the machine speed has been increasing and the demand to produce thinner films has been becoming more important.Furthermore, a number of studies on the surface structure of BOPP films with crater-like roughness have been reported since the 1980's. Although the crater-like surface roughness was formed under specific film process conditions, the formation mechanism and the controlling method of the crater-like film surface are yet to be clarified. In this report, the authors demonstrate a new hypothesis as to the crater-like film surface roughness formation mechanism by analyzing the morphology of the surface layer of polypropylene (PP) sheets and by investigating the relationship between the surface structure changes and the entire structure changes. As a result, it was found that it needs to have over critical crystallization time in order to form the crater on the surface of BOPP film, and the crater formation mechanism was closely related not only to the surface structure changes but also to the deforming phenomenon of spherulite in PP sheet during stretching. Furthermore, this report will show the controlling factors in the formation of the crater structure from the view point of production conditions.

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Structure, processing, morphology, and property relationships of biaxially drawn Ziegler–Natta/metallocene isotactic polypropylene film

Cited by 25 publications

References 56 publications

Drawing Forces and Film Properties in Semi-Sequentially Stretched Polypropylene

Drawing Forces and Film Properties in Semi-Sequentially Stretched Polypropylene

Influences of processing on the phase transition and crystallization of polypropylene cast films

Crater formation mechanism on the surface of a biaxially oriented polypropylene film

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